ASTM C33 C33M-2016e1 Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates《混凝土骨料的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: C33/C33M 161Standard Specification forConcrete Aggregates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C33/C33M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses

2、 indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorially corrected 3.2.1 and Footnote B of Table 1 in November 2016.1. Scope*1.1 This specification defines the requirements for gradingand quality of fine and

3、coarse aggregate (other than lightweightor heavyweight aggregate) for use in concrete.21.2 This specification is for use by a contractor, concretesupplier, or other purchaser as part of the purchase documentdescribing the material to be furnished.NOTE 1This specification is regarded as adequate to e

4、nsure satisfac-tory materials for most concrete. It is recognized that, for certain work orin certain regions, it may be either more or less restrictive than needed. Forexample, where aesthetics are important, more restrictive limits may beconsidered regarding impurities that would stain the concret

5、e surface. Thespecifier should ascertain that aggregates specified are or can be madeavailable in the area of the work, with regard to grading, physical, orchemical properties, or combination thereof.1.3 This specification is also for use in project specificationsto define the quality of aggregate,

6、the nominal maximum sizeof the aggregate, and other specific grading requirements.Those responsible for selecting the proportions for the concretemixture shall have the responsibility of determining the pro-portions of fine and coarse aggregate and the addition ofblending aggregate sizes if required

7、 or approved.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-con

8、formancewith the standard.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C29/C29M Test

9、Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)and Voids in AggregateC40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregatesfor ConcreteC87 Test Method for Effect of Organic Impurities in FineAggregate on Strength of MortarC88 Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use ofSodium Sulfate or Magnesium Su

10、lfateC117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200)Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC123 Test Method for Lightweight Particles in AggregateC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size CoarseAggregate byAbras

11、ion and Impact in the LosAngeles MachineC136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC142 Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles inAggregatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar

12、 Method)C289 Test Method for Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity ofAggregates (Chemical Method) (Withdrawn 2016)4C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-crete AggregatesC295 Guide for Petrographic Examination ofAggregates forConcreteC311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash orN

13、atural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement ConcreteC330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-tural Concrete1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.20 on Normal Weight Agg

14、regates.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C33/C33M 13. DOI:10.1520/C0033_C0033M-16.2For lightweight aggregates, see Specifications C330, C331, and C332; forheavyweight aggregates see Specification C637 a

15、nd Descriptive NomenclatureC638.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of

16、 this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C331 Specification for LightweightAggregates for ConcreteMasonry U

17、nitsC332 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Insulat-ing ConcreteC342 Test Method for Potential Volume Change of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Withdrawn 2001)4C441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans or GroundBlast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive Expansion ofConcrete Due to the

18、 Alkali-Silica ReactionC535 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-Size CoarseAggregate byAbrasion and Impact in the LosAngeles MachineC586 Test Method for PotentialAlkali Reactivity of Carbon-ate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates (Rock-CylinderMethod)C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic

19、CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-ShieldingConcreteC638 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Aggre-gates for Radiation-Shielding ConcreteC666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Con

20、crete toRapid Freezing and ThawingC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete andMortarsC1105 Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due toAlkali-Carbonate Rock ReactionC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementC1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in CementitiousMixturesC

21、1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Ag-gregates (Mortar-Bar Method)C1293 Test Method for Determination of Length Change ofConcrete Due to Alkali-Silica ReactionC1567 Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Mate-rials and Aggr

22、egate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)D75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesD422 Test Method for Particle-SizeAnalysis of Soils (With-drawn 2016)4D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils andFine AggregateD3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-terialsE11 Specification for Wove

23、n Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves2.2 Other Standards:AASHTO T 330 Method of Test for the Qualitative Detec-tion of Harmful Clays of the Smectite Group in Aggre-gates Using Methylene Blue53. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer toTerminology C125.3.2 Definitions o

24、f Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aggregate, recycled, ngranular material that hasbeen diverted, separated, or removed from the solid wastestream, and processed for use in the form of raw materials orproducts.4. Ordering and Specifying Information4.1 The direct purchaser of aggregates shall in

25、clude theinformation in 4.2 in the purchase order as applicable.Aprojectspecifier shall include in the project documents information todescribe the aggregate to be used in the project from theapplicable items in 4.3.4.2 Include in the purchase order for aggregates the follow-ing information, as appl

26、icable:4.2.1 Reference to this specification, as C33_,4.2.2 Whether the order is for fine aggregate or for coarseaggregate,4.2.3 Quantity, in metric tons or tons,4.2.4 When the order is for fine aggregate:4.2.4.1 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 7.3applies,4.2.4.2 In the case of the

27、sulfate soundness test (see 8.1)which salt is to be used. If none is stated, either sodium sulfateor magnesium sulfate shall be used,4.2.4.3 The appropriate limit for material finer than 75-m(No. 200) sieve (see Table 1). If not stated, the 3.0 % limit shallapply,4.2.4.4 The appropriate limit for co

28、al and lignite (see Table2). If not stated, the 1.0 % limit shall apply,4.2.5 When the order is for coarse aggregate:5AASHTO Standard Specifications, Part 2B: Tests. Available from AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N.Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washingto

29、n, DC 20001, http:/www.transportation.org.TABLE 1 Grading Requirements for Fine AggregateSieve (Specification E11) Percent Passing9.5-mm (38-in.) 1004.75-mm (No. 4) 95 to 1002.36-mm (No. 8) 80 to 1001.18-mm (No. 16) 50 to 85600-m (No. 30) 25 to 60300-m (No. 50) 5 to 30150-m (No. 100) 0 to 1075-m (No

30、. 200) 0 to 3.0A,BAFor concrete not subject to abrasion, the limit for material finer than the 75-m(No. 200) sieve shall be 5.0 % maximum.BFor manufactured fine or other recycled aggregate, if the material finer than the75-m (No. 200) sieve consists of the dust of fracture, essentially free of clay

31、orshale, this limit shall be 5.0% for concrete subject to abrasion, and 7% maximumfor concrete not subject to abrasion.TABLE 2 Limits for Deleterious Substances in Fine Aggregate forConcreteItemMass Percentof Total Sample,maxClay lumps and friable particles 3.0Coal and lignite:Where surface appearan

32、ce of concreteis of importance0.5All other concrete 1.0C33/C33M 16124.2.5.1 The grading (size number) (see 10.1 and Table 3), oralternate grading as agreed between the purchaser and aggre-gate supplier.4.2.5.2 The class designation (see 11.1 and Table 4),4.2.5.3 Whether the restriction on reactive m

33、aterials in 11.2applies,4.2.5.4 In the case of the sulfate soundness test (see Table4), which salt is to be used. If none is stated, either sodiumsulfate or magnesium sulfate shall be used, and4.2.6 Any exceptions or additions to this specification (seeNote 1).4.3 Include in project specifications f

34、or aggregates thefollowing information, as applicable:4.3.1 Reference to this specification, as C33_.4.3.2 When the aggregate being described is fine aggregate:4.3.2.1 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 7.3applies,4.3.2.2 In the case of the sulfate soundness test (see 8.1)which salt is

35、 to be used. If none is stated, either sodium sulfateor magnesium sulfate shall be used.4.3.2.3 The appropriate limit for material finer than the75-m (No. 200) sieve (see Table 1). If not stated, the 3.0 %limit shall apply, and4.3.2.4 The limit that applies with regard to coal and lignite(Table 2).

36、If not stated, the 1.0 % limit shall apply.4.3.3 When the aggregate being described is coarseaggregate, include:4.3.3.1 The nominal maximum size or sizes permitted,based on thickness of section or spacing of reinforcing bars orother criteria. In lieu of stating the nominal maximum size, thespecifier

37、 shall designate an appropriate size number or numbers(see 10.1 and Table 3). Designation of a size number to indicatea nominal size shall not restrict the person responsible forselecting proportions from combining two or more gradings ofaggregate to obtain a desired grading, provided that thegradin

38、gs are not otherwise restricted by the project specifierand the nominal maximum size indicated by the size number isnot exceeded,4.3.3.2 The class designation (see 11.1 and Table 4),4.3.3.3 Whether the restriction on reactive materials in 11.2applies,4.3.3.4 In the case of the sulfate soundness test

39、 (see Table4), which salt is to be used. If none is stated, either sodiumsulfate or magnesium sulfate shall be used, and4.3.4 The person responsible for selecting the concreteproportions if other than the concrete producer.4.3.5 Any exceptions or additions to this specification (seeNote 1).FINE AGGR

40、EGATE5. General Characteristics5.1 Fine aggregate shall consist of natural sand, manufac-tured sand, or other recycled aggregate, or a combinationthereof.NOTE 2This standard only addresses properties of aggregates consid-ered necessary for use in concrete and the associated test methodscontained wit

41、hin this standard. Certain recycled aggregate sources maycontain materials and properties not addressed as part of the documentspecifications, limits, or test methods. Recycled aggregates may requireevaluation for environmental considerations (air quality, water quality,storage) using the appropriat

42、e local, state, and federal test methods ineffect at the time of use.6. Grading6.1 Sieve AnalysisFine aggregate, except as provided in6.2 and 6.3 shall be graded within the limits in Table 1.NOTE 3Concrete with fine aggregate gradings near the minimums forpercent passing the 300 m (No.50) and 150 m

43、(No.100) sometimes havedifficulties with workability, pumping or excessive bleeding. The additionof entrained air, additional cement, or the addition of an approved mineraladmixture to supply the deficient fines, are methods used to alleviate suchdifficulties.6.2 The fine aggregate shall have not mo

44、re than 45 %passing any sieve and retained on the next consecutive sieve ofthose shown in 6.1, and its fineness modulus shall be not lessthan 2.3 nor more than 3.1.6.3 Fine aggregate failing to meet these grading require-ments shall meet the requirements of this section provided thatthe supplier can

45、 demonstrate to the purchaser or specifier thatconcrete of the class specified, made with fine aggregate underconsideration, will have relevant properties (see Note 6)atleast equal to those of concrete made with the sameingredients, with the exception that the reference fine aggregateshall be select

46、ed from a source having an acceptable perfor-mance record in similar concrete construction.NOTE 4Manufactured fine aggregate having elevated proportions ofmaterial passing the 75-m (No. 200) sieve may need further evaluation toensure that material passing the 75-m (No. 200) sieve is essentiallycompo

47、sed of dust of fracture derived from the parent rock in the crushingoperation, and does not contain an appreciable level of clay minerals orother deleterious constituents as described in Descriptive NomenclatureC294. Because some of the dust of fracture may occur in the clay sizerange, defined here

48、as material finer than 2 m, care must be taken toproperly differentiate these clay-sized materials from clay minerals.Natural fine aggregate with elevated proportions of material passing the75-m (No. 200) sieve may have higher potential for clay mineral content.Various means are available for charac

49、terizing these fines, such aspetrographic analysis (Guide C295), sand equivalent determination (TestMethod D2419), hydrometer analysis (Test Method D422), methyleneblue adsorption determination (AASHTO T 330) and X-ray diffractionanalysis. While these techniques are useful for investigative purposes, nospecific limits have been established for prediction of performance ofthese materials in concrete under various intended service conditions.Methylene blue adsorption and hydrometer analyses are believed to betwo relatively quick and reliable tests for