ASTM C330 C330M-2017a Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete《结构混凝土用轻质集料的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: C330/C330M 17C330/C330M 17aStandard Specification forLightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C330/C330M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye

2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime conside

3、rations arereducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are notintended for job control of concrete.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated i

4、n eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.2.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as st

5、andard.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.NOTE 1This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfactory lig

6、htweight aggregates for most concrete. It is recognized that it may be eithermore or less restrictive than needed for some conditions and for special purposes, such as fire resistance, fill, and concrete constructions, the use of whichis based on load tests rather than conventional design procedures

7、.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to T

8、rade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in AggregateC31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the FieldC33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC39/C39M Test Method for Compressive S

9、trength of Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC40/C40M Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for ConcreteC114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Abs

10、orption of Coarse AggregateC128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Fine AggregateC136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse AggregatesC142/C142M Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in AggregatesC151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Exp

11、ansion of Hydraulic CementC157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the LaboratoryC496/C496M Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC567/C567M Test

12、 Method for Determining Density of Structural Lightweight ConcreteC641 Test Method for Iron Staining Materials in Lightweight Concrete AggregatesC666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Conc

13、rete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.21 onLightweight Aggregates and Concrete.Current edition approved May 1, 2017June 15, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 20142017 asC330/C330M14.17. DOI: 10.1520/C

14、0330_C0330M-17.10.1520/C0330_C0330M-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not

15、an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate.

16、 In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C702

17、/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Testing SizeD75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C125.4. Aggregate Types4.1 Two general types of lightweight aggregates are covered b

18、y this specification, as follows:4.1.1 Aggregates prepared by expanding, pelletizing, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay, diatomite, fly ash,shale, or slate, and4.1.2 Aggregates prepared by processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff.4.2 The aggregates shall be

19、composed predominately of lightweight-cellular and granular inorganic material.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Lightweight aggregates shall not contain excessive amounts of deleterious substances, as determined by the followinglimits:5.1.1 Organic Impurities (Test Method C40/C40M)Lightweight aggregates t

20、hat, upon being subjected to test for organicimpurities, produce a color darker than the standard shall be rejected, unless it is demonstrated that the discoloration is due to smallquantities of materials not harmful to the concrete.5.1.2 Staining (Test Method C641)An aggregate producing a stain ind

21、ex of 60 or higher shall be rejected when the depositedstain is found upon chemical analysis to contain an iron content, expressed as Fe2O3 equal to or greater than 1.5 mg/200 g ofsample.5.1.3 Loss on Ignition (Test Methods C114)The loss on ignition of lightweight aggregates shall not exceed 5 %.NOT

22、E 2Some aggregates may contain carbonates or water of hydration that contribute to loss on ignition but may not affect the quality of the product.Therefore, when evaluating an aggregate, consideration should be given to the material characteristics that cause the ignition loss.6. Physical Properties

23、6.1 Lightweight aggregate under test shall meet the following requirements:6.1.1 Clay Lumps and Friable ParticlesThe total amount of clay lumps and friable particles shall not exceed 2 % by dry mass.6.1.2 GradingThe grading shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 1.NOTE 3The surfaces of pyr

24、o-processed lightweight aggregate particles finer than 75 m (No. 200) sieves are not deleterious and may be moderatelypozzolanic.6.1.3 Uniformity of GradingTo ensure reasonable uniformity in the grading of successive shipments of lightweight aggregate,fineness modulus shall be determined on samples

25、taken from shipments at intervals stipulated by the purchaser. If the finenessmodulus of the aggregate in any shipment differs by more than 7 % from that of the sample submitted for acceptance tests, theaggregate in the shipment shall be rejected, unless the supplier demonstrates that it will produc

26、e concrete of the requiredcharacteristics.6.1.4 Loose Bulk Density (Test Method C29/C29M)The dry loose bulk density of lightweight aggregates shall conform to therequirements shown in Table 2 using a 14 L 12 cubic foot measure.6.1.5 Uniformity of Loose Bulk DensityThe dry loose bulk density of light

27、weight aggregate shipments sampled and tested,shall not differ by more than 10 % from that of the sample submitted for acceptance tests, and shall not exceed the limits in Table2.6.1.6 Relative DensityWhen specified, the relative density shall be determined in accordance with 8.109.10.TABLE 1 Gradin

28、g Requirements for Lightweight Aggregate for Structural ConcreteNominal Size DesignationPercentages (Mass) Passing Sieves Having Square Openings25.0 mm(1 in.)19.0 mm(34 in.)12.5 mm(12 in.)9.5 mm(38 in.)4.75 mm(No. 4)2.36 mm(No. 8)1.18 mm(No. 16)300 m(No. 50)150 m(No. 100)75 m(No. 200)Fine aggregate:

29、4.75 mm to 0 . . . 100 85100 . 4080 1035 525 .Coarse aggregate:25.0 m to 4.75 mm 95100 . 2560 . 010 . . . . 01019.0 mm to 4.75 mm 100 90100 . 1050 015 . . . . 01012.5 mm to 4.75 mm . 100 90100 4080 020 010 . . . 0109.5 mm to 2.36 mm . . 100 80100 540 020 010 . . 010Combined fine and coarse aggregate

30、:12.5 mm to 0 . 100 95100 . 5080 . . 520 215 0109.5 mm to 0 . . 100 90100 6590 3565 . 1025 515 010C330/C330M 17a26.2 Concrete specimens containing lightweight aggregate under test shall meet the following requirements:6.2.1 Compressive Strength (Test Method C39/C39M), Density (Test Method C567/C567M

31、), and Splitting Tensile Strength (TestMethod C496/C496M) Compressive strength and density shall be an average of three specimens and the splitting tensile strengthshall be the average of eight specimens. It shall be possible to produce structural concrete using the lightweight aggregates undertest,

32、 so that from the same batch of concrete one or more of the compressive strength requirements and splitting tensile strengthrequirements in Table 3 will be satisfied without exceeding the corresponding maximum density values.NOTE 4Intermediate values for strength and corresponding density values sha

33、ll be established by interpolation. Materials that do not meet theminimum average splitting tensile strength requirement may be used provided the design is modified to compensate for the lower value.6.2.2 Natural Aggregates Natural aggregates, when used to replace part, or all, of the lightweight-ag

34、gregates shall complywith the applicable requirements of Specification C33/C33M. The test report shall record the proportion of all ingredients and thecharacteristics of the natural aggregates to ensure compliance with these minimum requirements.6.2.3 Drying Shrinkage The drying shrinkage of concret

35、e specimens prepared, cured, and tested in accordance with 8.49.4shall not exceed 0.07 %.6.2.4 PopoutsConcrete specimens prepared in accordance with 8.49.4 and 8.59.5, and tested in accordance with Test MethodC151/C151M shall show no surface popouts.6.2.5 Resistance to Freezing and ThawingWhen requi

36、red, the aggregate supplier shall demonstrate by test or proven fieldperformance that the lightweight aggregate when used in concrete, had the necessary resistance to freezing and thawing to performsatisfactorily in its intended use.7. Sampling7.1 Sample lightweight aggregates in accordance with Pra

37、ctice D75/D75M.7.2 Reduce sample to test sizes in accordance with Practice C702/C702M.8. Number of Tests8.1 Tests on AggregatesOne representative sample is required for each test for organic impurities, staining, loss on ignition,grading, bulk density, and clay lumps.8.2 Tests on ConcreteAt least th

38、ree specimens are required for each of the following tests of concrete: compressive strength,shrinkage, density, resistance to freezing and thawing, and presence of popout materials. At least eight concrete specimens arerequired for splitting tensile strength tests.TABLE 2 Maximum Dry Loose Bulk Den

39、sity Requirements ofLightweight Aggregates for Structural ConcreteSize DesignationMaximum Dry LooseBulk Densitykg/m3lb/ft3Fine aggregate 1120 70Coarse aggregate 880 55Combined fine and coarse aggregate 1040 65TABLE 3 Compressive Strength and Splitting Tensile StrengthRequirementsCalculatedEquilibriu

40、mDensitymax, kg/m3lb/ft3Average 28-daySplitting TensileStrength, min,MPa psiAverage 28-dayCompressiveStrength, min,MPa psiAll Lightweight Aggregate1760 110 2.2 320 28 40001680 105 2.1 300 21 30001600 100 2.0 290 17 2500Combination of Normal Weight and Lightweight Aggregates1840 115 2.3 330 28 400017

41、60 110 2.1 310 21 30001680 105 2.1 300 17 2500C330/C330M 17a39. Test Methods9.1 Compressive Strength (Test Method C39/C39M)Make test specimens in accordance with Practice C192/C192M andPractice C31/C31M. Unless otherwise specified, cure specimens in accordance with Practice C192/C192M or Practice C3

42、1/C31M,until the time of test. When specified, an alternative curing method is allowed. The alternative method shall be in accordance withPractice C192/C192M or the standard curing procedure in Practice C31/C31M for the first 7 days, after which the specimens shallbe removed from moist curing and st

43、ored at 23 6 2 C 73.5 6 3.5 F with a relative humidity of 50 6 5 % until the time oftest.9.2 Splitting Tensile StrengthMake 150 by 300 mm 6 by 12 in. cylindrical test specimens in accordance with PracticeC192/C192M, cure, and test in accordance with Test Method C496/C496M.9.3 Density of Concrete (Te

44、st Method C567/C567M)Follow the procedures in Test Method C567/C567M.9.4 Shrinkage of Concrete (Test Method C157/C157M)Follow the procedures of Test Method C157/C157M with thefollowing exceptions:9.4.1 Prepare the concrete mixture using 335 kg of cement/m3 564 lb/yd3, admixture (if any), and with an

45、 air content of 6 61 %. Adjust the water content so as to produce a slump of 50 to 100 mm 2 to 4 in. Thoroughly consolidate the concrete in steelmolds not smaller than 50 by 50 mm 2 by 2 in. nor larger than 100 by 100 mm 4 by 4 in. in cross section, and long enoughto provide a 250 mm 10 in. gauge le

46、ngth. The surface of the concrete shall be steel troweled.9.4.2 CuringTo prevent evaporation of water from the unhardened concrete, cover the specimen with a nonabsorptive,nonreactive plate or sheet of tough, durable, impervious plastic or wet burlap. When wet burlap is used for covering, the burlap

47、must be kept wet until the specimens are removed from the molds (see Note 5). Remove specimens from the molds not less than20 nor more than 48 h after casting and store in a moist room maintained at 23 6 2 C 73.5 6 3.5 F with a relative humidityof not less than 95 %. At the age of 7 days, remove the

48、 specimens from the moist room, measure for length, and store in a curingcabinet maintained at 37.8 6 1.1 C 100 6 2 F with a relative humidity of 32 6 2 %.NOTE 5Placing a sheet of plastic over the burlap will facilitate keeping it wet.NOTE 6The air immediately above a saturated solution of magnesium

49、 chloride (MgCl2) at 37.8 C 100 F is approximately 32 % relative humidity.9.4.3 ReportAfter storage in the cabinet for 28 days, remove each specimen and within 15 s, determine its change in lengthto the nearest 0.01 % of the effective gauge length. Report the change in length as the drying shrinkage of the specimen; reportthe average drying shrinkage of the specimens as the drying shrinkage of the concrete.9.5 Test for Popout Mater