ASTM C387 C387M-2011a Standard Specification for Packaged Dry Combined Materials for Mortar and Concrete《砂浆和混凝土包装 干燥 复合材料的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: C387/C387M 11aStandard Specification forPackaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Mortar andConcrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C387/C387M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year

2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the production, properties,packaging, and testing of packaged, dry, combined materialsfo

3、r concrete and mortars. The classifications of concrete andmortar covered are defined in Section 3.NOTE 1The scope of this standard does not cover mortars for unitmasonry. Dry preblended mortars for unit masonry are covered bySpecification C1714/C1714M.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inc

4、h-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards c

5、aveat pertains only to thetest method portion of this specification. This standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associatedwith its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standardto establish appropriate safety and health practices anddetermine the applica

6、bility of regulatory limitations prior touse.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-lindrical Concrete SpecimensC91 Specification for Masonry CementC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydra

7、ulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-CementConcreteC144 Specification for Ag

8、gregate for Masonry MortarC150 Specification for Portland CementC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of FreshlyMixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing ConcreteTest Specimens in the LaboratoryC207 Spe

9、cification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-posesC231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-crete by the Pressure MethodC260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-creteC270 Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPaste

10、s and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-tural ConcreteC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Contentof Aggregate by DryingC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Speci

11、fication for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to Test-ing SizeC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concreteand MortarsC1116 Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete andShotcreteC1157 Performance Specificat

12、ion for Hydraulic CementC1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in CementitiousMixturesC1329 Specification for Mortar Cement1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.43 on Packaged Dry C

13、ombined Materials.Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2011. Published November 2011. Originallyapproved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C387/C387M11.DOI: 10.1520/C0387_C0387M-11a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at

14、 serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959

15、, United States.C1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement MortarC1438 Specification for Latex and Powder Polymer Modi-fiers in Hydraulic Cement Concrete and MortarC1600/C1600M Specification for Rapid Hardening Hy-draulic CementC1714/C1714M Specification for Preblended Dry MortarMix for Unit Mas

16、onry3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this speci-fication, refer to Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 concrete, high-early strength, nin packaged, dry,combined materials, a product for building and repair requiringa more rapid than

17、normal strength development.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThis product allows for earlier removalof forms and allows concrete projects to be put into servicemuch sooner than with normal strength concrete.3.2.2 concrete, normal strength, nin packaged, dry, com-bined materials, a product for general building and

18、repairwhere thickness exceeds 50 mm 2 in.3.2.2.1 DiscussionTypical uses include building or repair-ing sidewalks, patios, steps, footings, and for setting posts.3.2.3 concrete, normal strength, lightweight, nin pack-aged, dry, combined materials, a concrete product for buildingand repair where the l

19、ightest concrete density is desirable.3.2.3.1 DiscussionThese mixtures will produce concretethat is about 25 to 35 % lower in density than normal weightconcrete.3.2.4 concrete, normal strength, lightweight using normalweight sand, nin packaged, dry, combined materials, aconcrete product for building

20、 and repair where a lower densityis desirable.3.2.4.1 DiscussionThese mixtures will produce concretethat is about 15 to 25 % lower in density than normal weightconcrete.3.2.5 mortar, high-strength, nin packaged, dry, combinedmaterials, a product for building or repair requiring a thicknessof less th

21、an 50 mm 2 in., or where a high strength mortarmixture is required.3.2.5.1 DiscussionTypical uses include topping andpatching existing concrete structures. Often referred to as“sand mix.”4. Ordering Information4.1 The purchaser shall specify the material desired asconcrete or high strength mortar an

22、d the respective physicalrequirements as specified in Table 1 shall govern.5. Materials5.1 Materials used as ingredients in packaged, dry, com-bined materials for mortar and concrete shall conform to atleast one of the following requirements:5.1.1 Aggregates, shall conform to Specification C33,Speci

23、fication C144, or Specification C330.5.1.2 Air-Entraining Admixtures, shall conform to Specifi-cation C260.5.1.3 Blended Cement, shall conform to Specification C595or Performance Specification C1157.5.1.4 Chemical Admixtures, shall conform to SpecificationC494/C494M.5.1.5 Fly ash and natural pozzola

24、ns, shall conform toSpecification C618.5.1.6 Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag, shall con-form to Specification C989.5.1.7 Hydrated Lime, shall conform to Type S or Type SAofSpecification C207.5.1.8 Latex and Powder Polymer Modifiers, shall conformto Specification C1438.NOTE 2Type II latex polyme

25、rs should not be used in applications thatmay be more than superficially wet in service.5.1.9 Masonry Cement, shall conform to Specification C91.5.1.10 Mortar Cement, shall comply with C1329.5.1.11 Portland Cement, shall conform to Type I, IA, II,IIA, III or IIIA of Specification C150.5.1.12 Silica

26、Fume, shall conform to Specification C1240.5.1.13 Fibers, shall conform to the applicable portions ofSpecification C1116.5.1.14 Rapid hardening hydraulic cement, shall complywith Specification C1600/C1600M.6. Preparation of Aggregate6.1 All aggregates prepared in the laboratory for the purposeof est

27、ablishing the correct proportions for the product shall bedried, without disintegration, to a moisture content of less than0.1 % by mass. Verify moisture content using a ventilated ovenin accordance with Test Method C566.7. Proportioning7.1 The proportions of cementitious material and aggregateshall

28、 be such that the strength requirements will be met whenan amount of mixing water is used that produces for concretethe slump specified in 14.3 and for mortar the flow specified in16.2.TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsKind of MaterialCompressive Strength, MPa psi min3 days 7 days 28 daysConcrete:High-ea

29、rly strength 17.0 2500 24.0 3500 . . .Normal strength:Normal weight . . . 17.0 2500 24.0 3500Lightweight using normal weight sandA. . . 17.0 2500 24.0 3500Lightweight . . . 17.0 2500 24.0 3500Mortar:High-strength mortar 20.0 3000 35.0 5000ALightweight concrete using normal weight sand may contain so

30、me portion of lightweight fines.C387/C387M 11a28. Physical Properties8.1 Packaged, dry, combined materials for concrete andhigh strength mortar shall conform to the respective physicalrequirements as given in Table 1 for the material specifiedwhen the prescribed amount of water is added.9. Packaging

31、 and Package Marking9.1 All packages shall be identified as conforming to Speci-fication C387, and as to kind and type of material listed inTable 1 and the net mass in each bag printed thereon.9.2 The yield in liters (or cubic feet), and the amount ofwater recommended for mixing shall be marked on t

32、hepackage.NOTE 3The amount of water recommended should be the amountrequired to produce a slump of 50 to 75 mm 2 to 3 in. for concrete anda flow of 110 6 5 % for high strength mortar.9.3 Container ConstructionThe strength of the containershall be adequate for the mass of concrete or mortar it isinte

33、nded to contain.10. Rejection10.1 The purchaser has the right to reject material that failsto conform to the requirements of this specification. Rejectionshall be reported to the Producer or supplier promptly and inwriting.10.2 The purchaser has the right to reject product indamaged or dampened cont

34、ainers.11. Storage11.1 Product must be stored in a dry area and shall not bestored in direct contact with the ground or floor.SAMPLING AND TESTING12. Accuracy of Measurement12.1 Use scales conforming to the applicable sections ofHandbook 44.3New and reconditioned scales shall be accurateto 60.1 % of

35、 the total capacity of the scale. When scales havebeen in use, they shall be accurate to 60.4 % of the totalcapacity of the scale.12.2 Record the mass of concrete in kilograms (pounds) toa minimum accuracy of 0.05 kg 0.1 lb. Record the mass ofmortar in grams to an accuracy of within1gor0.1%,whicheve

36、r is greater.13. Sampling Concrete13.1 Use a sufficient quantity of whole packages to conductall testing from a single batch.14. Mixing and Testing Concrete14.1 Determine the net mass of concrete in the package (orpackages), then empty into a clean, watertight container.14.2 Mix the concrete, determ

37、ine the properties of the freshconcrete, and mold and cure the specimens in accordance withthe applicable provisions of Practice C192/C192M, or modifi-cations of them as outlined herein. Test the strength of theconcrete in accordance with Test Method C39/C39M.14.3 Mix the entire sample of the combin

38、ed, dry material forconcrete either by hand or by machine, except that hand mixingis not applicable to air-entrained concrete.Add mixing water insufficient amount to produce a slump of 50 to 75 mm 2 to 3in.14.4 Use a watertight, clean metal container for handmixing, using either a blunted bricklayer

39、s trowel, handsprotected by rubber gloves, or a shovel, whichever is moreconvenient. Mix the dry batch until the materials appear to beuniformly distributed. Add water while mixing until the con-crete is homogeneous in appearance and has the desired slump.If prolonged mixing is required because of t

40、he addition ofmixing water in increments while adjusting the slump, thebatch must be discarded and a new batch made withoutinterrupting the mixing to make trial slump tests.14.5 Place all materials in the mixer to be used for machinemixing. A mixing period of 3 min followed by a 3-min rest,followed

41、by 2-min final mixing is suggested, unless a differentprocedure is better adapted to the mixer being used. Cover theopen end of the mixer during the rest period to reduceevaporation. Test the slump in accordance with Test MethodC143/C143M upon completion of the mixing. If the slump testof the mixed

42、batch shows that additional water is required,return the sample used for the slump test promptly to the mixer,add additional water, and remix the batch for 2 min. Retest theslump. If the slump is not from 50 to 75 mm 2 to 3 in., discardthe batch.14.6 Discharge the mixed batch into a clean, watertigh

43、tcontainer that has been predampened, then remix the batch byhand, using a scoop or trowel, until the batch appears to beuniform. Promptly determine the density in kilograms percubic meter (or pound per cubic foot) in accordance with TestMethod C138/C138M. Return samples used for the slump andunit w

44、eight test to the container, then remix the batch by handand mold the specimens.14.7 Mold six cylinders from each batch, using threecylinders for test at 7 days and three at 28 days, except that inthe case of high early strength concrete, three cylinders shall betested at 3 days and three at 7 days.

45、 Compression testspecimens shall be cylindrical with a length equal to twice thediameter. The minimum specimen diameter shall be 75 mm 3in., but the maximum diameter is not limited, provided thenumber of specimens for a test as required in this section aremolded from a single batch and the sample ta

46、ken in accordancewith 13.1. For acceptance, the average of the strengths of thethree specimens tested at each age shall not be less than thecompressive strength required in Table 1 for the type ofconcrete under test and no individual specimen shall have astrength less than 90 % of the required stren

47、gth.3Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements of Weighingand Measuring Devices, Handbook 44, National Bureau of Standards.C387/C387M 11a314.8 The report of the tests of the concrete shall include thefollowing:14.8.1 Net mass of dry, combined material in the bag orbags determined

48、by subtracting the mass of the empty bag orbags from the gross mass of the package.14.8.2 Amount of mixing water (W) calculated in terms ofkilograms (or pounds) per bag, based on mass of the bag.W5Wb/A!BWb= mass of water added to batch,A = mass of dry material in batch, andB = printed mass of bag co

49、ntents.14.8.3 Slump in millimetres (or inches) in accordance withTest Method C143/C143M.14.8.4 Density (D) in kilograms per cubic meter (or poundsper cubic foot) in accordance with Test Method C138/C138M.14.8.5 Yield (Y) of concrete as determined by Test MethodC138/C138M in terms of liters (or cubic feet) per bag, based onprinted mass of bag contents.14.8.6 Air content, if required, shall be determined by oneof the following Test Methods: C138/C138M, C173/C173M,(suggested for lightweight concrete); or C231. The methodused to