1、Designation: C508/C508M 00 (Reapproved 2015) American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M189-81IStandard Specification forAsbestos-Cement Underdrain Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C508/C508M; the number immediately following the desig
2、nation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asbes
3、tos-cement perforatedand plain pipe intended for use in the conveyance of drainagewater for the subsurface drainage of highways, airports, farms,foundations, and other similar drainage work.1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes an
4、d footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall b
5、e used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-pri
6、ate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC458/C458M Test Method for Organic Fiber Content ofAsbestos-Cement ProductsC500/C500M Test Methods for Asbest
7、os-Cement PipeC595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC608 Standard Method of Test for Brittle Ring TensileStrength of Chemically Setting Silicate and SilicaChemical-Resistant Mortars (Withdrawn 1983)3C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in Co
8、ncreteD2946 Terminology for Asbestos and AsbestosCementProducts2.2 Federal Standard:No. 123 Marking for Shipment Civil Agencies42.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage42.4 Other Standards:Uniform Freight Classification Rules5National Motor Freight Classification Rules63. T
9、erminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 coupling, ncomponent made from a larger diameterpipe of the same type or class, or of Type II and a higher class,or produced otherwise to yield at least equal performance, forjoining asbestos-cement pipe that when properly installed,forms a silt-tight joint, allows al
10、ignment corrections and slightchanges in direction, and provides an assembled joint equiva-lent in serviceability and strength to the pipe sections.3.1.2 loteach 400 m 1300 ft of pipe or less of a giventype and size manufactured on each machine during a 24-hperiod.3.2 Additional terminology is given
11、 in Terminology D2946.4. Sizes and Types4.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe furnished under thisspecification shall be known as “asbestos-cement underdrainpipe.” It shall be furnished in nominal inside diameters of 10,15, 20, 25, and 30 cm 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 in. The types of pipe1This specification
12、 is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of C17.03 onAsbestos - Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approvedin 1963. Last previous edition approved in
13、2009 as C508 00(2009)1. DOI:10.1520/C0508_C0508M-00R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The l
14、ast approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from the Uniform Classification Commission, Room 1106, 222 S.Riverside Plaza, Ch
15、icago, IL 60606.6Available from National Motor Freight Inc., 1616 P. St., N.W., Washington, DC20036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1shall be known as Type I and Type II corresponding to thechemical requirements given i
16、n Section 9.NOTE 1To assist the purchaser in choosing the type of pipe mostsuitable for his use, guidelines for the definition of aggressiveness of waterand of soil environments for selection of the proper type of asbestos-cement pipe are covered in the appropriate sections of Test MethodsC500/C500M
17、.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe shall be composed ofan intimate mixture of portland cement or portland blast-furnace slag cement described in Specification C150/C150M orportland blast-furnace slag or pozzolan cements described inSpecification C595/C595M and asbestos
18、fiber with or withoutfine silica or additives containing such silica meeting Specifi-cation C608 that is capable of reacting completely to yieldcalcium silicate reaction products upon autoclaving; and as-bestos fiber. The mixture shall not contain more than 0.2 % ofnondeleterious organic matter as d
19、etermined by Test MethodC458/C458M. The material shall be of laminar construction,formed under pressure to a homogeneous structure, and curedto meet the physical and chemical requirements of this speci-fication.6. Crushing Strength6.1 Crushing tests shall be conducted before shipment. Pipeof 30 cm 1
20、 ft lengths cut from unmachined portions of thepipe shall have the minimum crushing strength prescribed inTable 1 when tested in accordance with the Procedure sectionof Test Methods C500/C500M, except that when the perforatedunderdrain pipe is tested, the sample shall contain four circum-ferential r
21、ows of holes with the first row 4 cm 1.5 in. from theend. The specimen shall be tested with the line of symmetry ofthe rows facing downward, with the rows of holes being in thelower two quadrants.6.2 In case a specimen fails to meet the crushing testrequirement, refer to 13.3.7. Couplings7.1 Each st
22、andard, short, or random length of pipe shall beprovided with a coupling for the purpose of maintainingalignment and to ensure close joints.8. Fittings8.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe fittings shall be suit-able in size, type, crushing strength, and design for the pipewith which they will be furn
23、ished.9. Chemical Requirements9.1 When tested in accordance with the Procedure section ofTest Methods C500/C500M, the amount of uncombined cal-cium hydroxide shall not exceed 1.0 % for Type II pipe.NOTE 2There are no chemical requirements for Type I Pipe.9.2 If the uncombined calcium hydroxide excee
24、ds 1 %, referto 13.4.10. Sizes and Dimensions10.1 The nominal standard length for asbestos-cement un-derdrain pipe shall be either 3 or 4 m 10 or 13 ft.Amaximumof 15 % of the total footage of any one size and type for anyorder may be furnished, at the manufacturers option, in pipelengths shorter tha
25、n specified nominal, but not shorter than 2 m7 ft. These shall be termed random lengths.10.2 A tolerance of 25 mm 1 in. shall apply to nominalstandard lengths, and 152 mm 6 in. shall apply to randomlengths. For billing purposes, random lengths shall be classifiedto 150-mm 6-in. increments, allowing
26、a tolerance of + 125and 25 mm + 5 and 1 in.10.3 The average inside diameter of the pipe shall not beless than nominal by 6 mm 0.25 in. or 112 %, whichever isgreater.11. Perforations11.1 Perforations, when required, shall be circular holes, 66 1.5 mm 0.25 6 0.05 in. in diameter, arranged in rowsparal
27、lel to the axis of the pipe. Perforations shall be approxi-mately 75 mm 3 in. center-to-center, along the rows. Rowsshall be arranged in two equal groups on either side of thevertical center line of the pipe, and the total number of rowsshall be as shown in Table 2. The lowermost rows ofperforations
28、 in each group shall be separated by an arc of 1.6rad 90 and the upper most rows of perforations in each groupshall be separated by an arc of 2.8 rad 160. The spacing ofrows between these limits shall be uniform. Holes are notprohibited from appearing at the ends of short and randomlengths.12. Sampl
29、ing12.1 All material tested under this specification shall be in anormal processed condition and at moisture equilibrium withthe atmosphere.12.2 For crushing tests, select one full length of pipe fromeach lot of each size and type of pipe. Cut one test specimen 30cm 12 in. long from the unmachined p
30、ortion of the selectedlength of pipe. (WarningWhen cutting asbestos-cementTABLE 1 Crushing StrengthNominal Size Min Crushing Loadcm in. kNm lbf/ft10 4 15 100015 6 16 110020 8 19 130025 10 20 140030 12 22 1500TABLE 2 PerforationsNominal Size Rows of Perforationscm in.10 4 415 6 420 8 425 10 630 12 6C
31、508/C508M 00 (2015)2products minimize the dust that results. Prolonged or frequentbreathing of significant airborne concentrations of silica orasbestos dust is hazardous. When such dusts are generated,effective measures shall be taken to prevent inhalation. Refer toapproved techniques.7)12.3 When un
32、combined calcium hydroxide tests are re-quested (Section 9), one sample shall be taken from each lot ofpipe. The sample to be tested shall be taken from any one of thespecimens selected for the crushing test.13. Inspection and Rejection13.1 All material furnished under this specification shallconfor
33、m to the requirements stated herein and shall be sub-jected to the factory inspection and tests prescribed in thisspecification. When requested by the purchaser on his order,the manufacturer shall notify the purchaser of the time that theinspection and testing will take place so that the purchaser s
34、hallarrange for witnessing such tests and inspections at his ownexpense. In lieu of such inspection, when requested, themanufacturer shall be prepared to certify that his productconforms to the requirements of this specification.13.2 Each pipe and coupling shall be inspected by themanufacturer befor
35、e shipment for compliance with the stan-dards for dimensions, tolerances, and workmanship and finish(see Section 10).13.3 Failure of any specimen tested for crushing strength towithstand 75 % of the load specified in Section 6 shall be causefor rejection of the lot from which the test specimen was t
36、aken.When any specimen tested for crushing strength withstandsover 75 % but under 100 % of the load specified in Section 6,one specimen shall be cut from each of two additional pipes ofthe same lot. Failure of either of these additional specimens tomeet the strength requirements of Section 6 shall b
37、e cause forrejection of the entire lot from which the original sample wastaken.13.4 If the results of the uncombined calcium hydroxide testshow the sample failed to meet the specification requirements,two additional specimens shall be selected and sampled fortest. The failure of one of these two add
38、itional samples to meetthe specification requirements of Section 9 shall be cause forrejection of the lot.14. Marking and Shipping14.1 Standard and Random LengthsEach standard orrandom length of pipe shall be marked clearly on the outsidesurface with the trade name, nominal inside diameter, type, an
39、ddate of manufacture in alkali resistant ink or indelible paint.14.2 All pipe and couplings, unless otherwise specified,shall be prepared for standard commercial shipment.15. Keywords15.1 asbestos-cement; drainage; perforated; pipe; subsur-face; underdrainSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supp
40、lementary requirements shall apply when material is supplied under thisspecification for U.S. Government procurement.S1 PackagingS1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the materialshall be packaged in accordance with the producers standardpractice which will be acceptable to the carrier at
41、 lowest rates.Containers and packing shall comply with Uniform FreightClassification Rules or National Motor Freight ClassificationRules. Marking for shipment of such material shall be inaccordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies andMIL-STD-129 for military agencies.S2. Responsibility for
42、InspectionS2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the producer is responsible for the testing of all materialto assure compliance with the requirements specified herein.Except as otherwise specified in the contract or order, theproducer shall use his own or any other suitab
43、le facilities forthe performance of the inspection and test requirements speci-fied herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The purchasershall have the right to perform any of the inspections and testsset forth in this specification where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that mate
44、rial conforms to pre-scribed requirements.7Available from Asbestos International Association, 1235 Jefferson DavisHighway, PMB 114, Arlington, VA 22202.C508/C508M 00 (2015)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentione
45、din this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and
46、must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of
47、theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C
48、700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 00 (2015)4
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