1、Designation: C516 08 (Reapproved 2013)1Standard Specification forVermiculite Loose Fill Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C516; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1NOTE11.1, 12.1, 12.2.2, and Table 3 were editoria
3、lly corrected in April 2014.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition and physicalproperties of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite loose fillinsulation. The specification also includes the testing proce-dures by which the acceptability of the material shall bedetermined. These testing pr
4、ocedures deal primarily withmaterial performance in the temperature range associated withthe thermal envelope of buildings; however, the commerciallyusable temperature range for this insulation is from 119 to850F (84 to 454C). For specialized applications, refer tomanufacturers instructions.1.2 The
5、specification also covers the composition and prop-erties of vermiculite that has been surface-treated to producewater repellency for installations.1.3 When the installation or use of thermal insulationmaterials, accessories, and systems may pose safety or healthproblems, the manufacturer shall prov
6、ide the user with appro-priate current information regarding any known problemsassociated with the recommended use of the companysproducts, and shall also recommend protective measures to beemployed in their safe utilization.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. Th
7、e values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 9, of this specification:Thisstandard does not purport to address all
8、of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.For specific hazard statements, see Section12.2. Referenced Documen
9、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:2C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC390 Practice for Sampling and
10、Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC520 Test Methods for Density of Granular Loose FillInsulationsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE136 Test Method for Be
11、havior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750C3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology C168 for definitionsrelating to insulation.4. Classification4.1 Vermiculite insulation is classified by type and gradedesignations, as follows:4.1.1 Type IProduct that results from the expanding or
12、exfoliating of natural vermiculite ore by grading and heating tomeet the requirements of this specification.4.1.2 Type IIExpanded vermiculite that has been surface-treated to produce water repellency and limit absorption ofmoisture from both liquid and vapor phase.4.1.3 Grade designations establishe
13、d by range of particlesize distribution and bulk density are shown in Table 1 andTable 2.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 onBlanket and Loose Fill Insulation.Current edition approved Sept.
14、 1, 2013. Published April 2014. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C516 08. DOI:10.1520/C0516-08R13E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume
15、information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Ordering Information5.1 All purchase orders shall designate both type and gradeof insulation desired. If t
16、ype designation is omitted, Type I willbe furnished. The type and grade classifications in this speci-fication differ from the classifications in earlier issues. Purchas-ers referencing this specification shall include the date of issue.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Vermiculite is a micaceous mine
17、ral which is mined andprocessed to produce a high-purity concentrate. Theconcentrate, in the form of flakes of varying size and thicknessweighing 55 lb/ft3(880 kg/m3), is expanded in high-temperature furnaces to densities in the range from 3.0 to 8.0lb/ft3(48 to 128 kg/m3). As a naturally occurring
18、mineral, it isclassifiable as an elementary building material. It is noncom-bustible as determined by Test Method E136. Material shallpass combustion test criteria of Test Method E136.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The physical requirements listed in this section aredefined as Inspection Requirements (
19、see Practice C390, section5.1.2). The insulation shall conform to the following require-ments:Type I Type IIBulk density, lb/ft3(kg/m3) See Table 1Grading (particle size) See Table 2Water properties, max g wicked in 5 min N.A. 37.2 The physical properties listed in this section of thespecification a
20、re defined as Qualification Requirements (seePractice C390, section 5.1.1). The insulation shall conform tothe following requirements:Thermal resistance, Fhft2/Btu(Km2/W)See Table 3Moisture absorption, max, % by weight/14 days3.5 3.5Combustibility No flaming, glowing,or smokingSurface-burning charac
21、teristics (Test Method E84):Flame spread, max 0 0Smoke developed, max 0 0Water properties, min, mL of waterrepelledN.A. 1758. Sampling8.1 For purposes of standard tests, sampling shall be inaccordance with Practice C390.9. Test Methods9.1 The physical properties, as enumerated in Section 7,shall be
22、determined in accordance with the following methods:9.1.1 Bulk DensityTest Methods C520, Method A.9.1.2 GradingTest Method C136, except that when amechanical sieving device is used, the sieving time shall be 5min and the test specimen shall be 50 g of material.9.1.3 Thermal ResistanceTests for therm
23、al resistance maybe made in accordance with Test Methods C177 or C518. Testat the design density. The thermal resistance of the varioustypes shall not be lower than the values listed in Table 3, exceptthat the average thermal resistance of any four specimens mayfall up to 5 % below the value in the
24、table. Determine thethermal resistance (R-value) at mean temperature of 75F(24C) and 40F (4C), at design density and in accordancewith the current editions of Test Methods C177 or C518.Report the direction of heat flow. Thermal resistance at othermean temperatures may be determined if required.9.1.4
25、 Water Vapor SorptionThe test specimen shall be asample of approximately 50 g. Loose fill the sample and levelinto a sample holder 9 by 9 by 5 in. (228 by 228 by 127 mm)deep.9.1.4.1 Condition with minimum air movement across thesample surface. Condition at 50 6 2 % relative humidity and120 6 5F (48.
26、9 6 3C) to constant weight and record. Statethe density of the sample conditioned to constant weight in thereport of results.9.1.4.2 Increase the relative humidity to 90 6 2 % relativehumidity and 120 6 5F (48.9 6 3C) for 14 days. Determinethe weight gain after 14 days of exposure.9.1.4.3 Calculate
27、the percent weight gain after 14 days ofexposure to the elevated humidity.9.1.4.4 Precision and BiasThis test establishes a typicalproperty of vermiculite. It is an inherent characteristic. It isonly intended to indicate absorption under high humidityconditions which are known to be characteristic o
28、f its usualinsulation end use.9.1.5 Water Repellency (Type II Only)Determine the wa-ter repellency of Type II vermiculite insulation in accordancewith the following procedure:9.1.5.1 Apparatus(a ) Rigid plastic tube 50 mm insidediameter by 300 mm long with a 150-m (100-mesh) screencovering firmly fa
29、stened or adhered to the bottom. The tubeshall be marked at 400 mL from the screen-covered end. (b)No. 15 rubber stopper. (c) 250-mL graduated cylinder. (d)500-mL beaker.9.1.5.2 Sample PreparationSpoon a representativesample into the test cylinder to a level slightly above the400-mL mark. Compact it
30、 by dropping the tube from a heightof approximately 75 mm on a large rubber stopper (No. 15recommended) for a total of ten drops.As the sample compactsto a level below the 400-mL mark, add additional material sothat after the tenth drop, the level of the sample is within 3 mLof the 400-mL mark.9.1.5
31、.3 ProcedureWith the tube supported in a verticalposition and a beaker positioned under the tube, rapidly pour250 mL of cold tap water onto the vermiculite. Take care whilepouring, that the stream hits the middle of the surface of thebed of vermiculite and does not merely slide down the side ofthe t
32、est cylinder. Allow the water to drain through the bed ofvermiculite for exactly 3 min. Tilt the tube at approximatelyTABLE 1 Density SpecificationsGrade DesignationBulk Density, lb/ft3(kg/m3)min max0Premium 3.0 (48) 5.0 (80)1Large 3.7 (59) 5.5 (88)2Medium 4.0 (64) 6.0 (96)3Fine 4.5 (72) 7.0 (112)4S
33、uper Fine 5.5 (88) 8.0 (128)C516 08 (2013)1245 to drain water collected on the screen. Tilt it onlymomentarily for this purpose. Measure the collected water inthe 250-mL graduate.9.1.5.4 CalculationReport the amount of collected wateras “millilitres repelled.” Report results as the mean of threeinde
34、pendent tests.9.1.5.5 Precision and BiasThe purpose of this test is toconfirm that the intended degree of surface treatment has beenaccomplished to achieve water repellency. The specified char-acteristic is a minimum (no range or maximum). Quantitativevalues for conforming products exceeding the lim
35、its have nocommercial significance.9.1.6 WickabilityVermiculite Insulation (Type II Only):9.1.6.1 Apparatus(a ) Rigid plastic tube 50 mm in insidediameter by 300 mm long with a 150-m (100-mesh) screencovering firmly fastened or adhered to the bottom. (b) 50-mmlong compaction plug, fitting snugly ins
36、ide the sample holderto give standard compaction to the sample. (c) Tubing rackcapable of supporting the sample tube. (d) Water immersiontray.9.1.6.2 Sample PreparationSpoon a representativesample into the test cylinder to a level slightly below the top ofthe cylinder. Compact it with the plug until
37、 a moderateresistance pressure is felt. In no event shall compaction bemore than 24 mm.9.1.6.3 ProcedurePlace the sample tube, screen enddown, on a rack in the water immersion tray. The water levelin the tray shall be 50 mm above the bottom of the tube.Allowthe sample to remain in the position and a
38、llow to wick waterfor 5 min. Remove the tube from the tray onto a tared 75-mmwatch glass so that all water that is allowed to drain, is caughtby the watch glass and is included in the weight of waterpicked up by the sample. Determine the weight of the waterpicked up by the sample in grams.9.1.6.4 Ca
39、lculationReport the amount of water picked upby the vermiculite sample through this wicking action asgrams. Report results as a mean of three independent tests.9.1.6.5 Precision and BiasSee 9.1.5.5.9.1.7 Surface Burning Characteristicin accordance withTest Method E849.1.8 Combustibilityin accordance
40、 with Test MethodE13610. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the materials shall be made as agreedupon between the purchaser and the manufacturer as part of thepurchase contract.11. Packaging and Marking11.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, the insulationshall be packed in standard commercial container
41、s provided bythe manufacturer. The insulation shall be packed to ensurecarrier acceptance and safe delivery at destination in containerscomplying with the rules and regulations applicable to themode of transportation.11.2 MarkingShipping containers shall be marked withthe name of the insulation, min
42、imum weight of container, andthe name of the manufacturer. For residential insulation, a chartshall also be affixed or printed on the container listing theminimum thickness, maximum net coverage area, and mini-mum weight per square foot at R values of 11, 13, 19, 22, 24,32, and 40. In addition to th
43、is chart, the following statementsmust be added: 1. “R means resistance to heat flow. The higherTABLE 2 Grading Cumulative Percent RetainedGrade DesignationU. S. Sieve No.38 in. (9.5mm)4 (4.75 mm) 8 (2.36 mm) 16 (1.18 mm) 30 (600 m) 50 (300 m) 100 (150 m)0Premium 3080 801001Large 010 901002Medium 01
44、0 4590 951003Fine 010 901004Super Fine 05 6098 90100TABLE 3 Nominal Thermal Resistance ValuesMean Temperature Thermal ResistanceAFhft2/Btu (Km2/W)F (C) 0Premium 1Large 2Medium 3Fine 4Super Fine119 (84) . . . . 3.4 (0.59)58 (50) . . . . 3.0 (0.52)13 (25) . . . . 2.7 (0.48)40 (4) . . . . 2.5 (0.44)75
45、(24) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40) 2.3 (0.40)212 (100) . . . . 1.8 (0.32)302 (150) . . . . 1.6 (0.28)392 (200) . . . . 1.4 (0.25)482 (250) . . . . 1.2 (0.22)572 (300) . . . . 1.1 (0.19)662 (350) . . . . 0.94 (0.17)752 (400) . . . . 0.84 (0.15)850 (454) . . . . 0.73 (0.13)AThe nominal t
46、hermal resistances in this table are for 1.0 in. (25.4 mm) of thickness.Editorially corrected April 2013.C516 08 (2013)13the R-value, the greater the insulation power. 2. To get themarked R-value, it is essential that this insulation be installedproperly. If you do it yourself, follow the instructio
47、ns care-fully.”12. Health and Safety Precautions12.1 PreinstallationThe insulation material should behandled and stored in accordance with the instructions pro-vided by the manufacturer. It should be kept dry and free ofextraneous materials. It is noncombustible.12.2 Installation:12.2.1 The insulati
48、ng material should be poured into thespaces and cavities to be insulated in a manner that minimizesfree-fall and impact. This will minimize crushing and break-down of insulation particles and the unnecessary formation ofdust.12.2.2 Poured loose fill insulation, which is commonlyinstalled in confined
49、, poorly ventilated attic spaces, maygenerate a buildup of airborne dust. Inhalation of dust can beinjurious to health. Refer to instructions provided by themanufacturer regarding recommended installation practices.13. Keywords13.1 inorganic thermal insulation; loose fill insulation; ther-mal resistance; vermiculite; water repellencyASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of
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