1、Designation: C 534/C 534M 08Standard Specification forPreformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulationin Sheet and Tubular Form1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 534/C 534M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in t
2、he case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This
3、 specification covers preformed flexible elastomericcellular thermal insulation in sheet and tubular form. Grade 1covers materials to be used on commercial or industrialsystems with operating temperatures from -183 to 104C -297to 220F, Grade 2 covers material used on industrial systemswith operating
4、 temperatures from -183 to 175C -297 to350F, and Grade 3 covers material used on industrial systemswith operating temperatures from -183 to 120C -297 to250F where halogens are not permitted.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The val
5、ues stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with
6、its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for
7、 Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 209 Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating BoardC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties
8、 of Pipe InsulationC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC 447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-ture of Thermal InsulationsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 534 Spec
9、ification for Preformed Flexible ElastomericCellular Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular FormC 585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of RigidThermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing(NPS System)C 692 Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of ThermalInsulations on External St
10、ress Corrosion Cracking Ten-dency of Austenitic Stainless SteelC 795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-tact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC 871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of ThermalInsulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride,Silicate, and Sodium IonsC 1045 Practi
11、ce for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusC 1304
12、 Test Method for Assessing the Odor Emission ofThermal Insulation MaterialsC 1427 Specification for Extruded Preformed Flexible Cel-lular Polyolefin Thermal Insulation in Sheet and TubularFormD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD 166
13、7 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsPoly(Vinyl Chloride) Foam (Closed-Cell)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 45
14、6 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published
15、 August 2008. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 534 - 07a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docume
16、nt Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE 2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting
17、 ofPipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess SurfaceBurning Characteristics2.2 Other Standards:3CAN/ULC-S10203 Standard Method of Test for SurfaceBurning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assem-blies3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are definedin Terminology C
18、168 and in Terminology D 883.3.2 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cellular elastomeric foama closed-cell foam madeof natural or synthetic rubber, or a mixture of the two, andcontaining other polymers, other chemicals, or both, which ispermitted to be modified by organic or inorgani
19、c additives.These foams have properties similar to those of vulcanizedrubber, namely, (1) the ability to be converted from a thermo-plastic to a thermosetting state by cross-linking (vulcanization)and (2) the ability to recover substantially its original shapewhen strained or elongated.3.2.2 flexibl
20、e cellulara flexible cellular organic polymericmaterial shall not rupture within 60 s when a specimen 200 by25 by 25 mm 8 by 1 by 1 in. is bent around a 25-mm 1-in.diameter mandrel at a uniform rate of one lap in5sintheformof a helix at a temperature between 18 and 29C 65 and 85F.NOTE 1The flexibili
21、ty of these materials may decrease at lowertemperatures.4. Classification4.1 The types are designated below:4.1.1 Type ITubular.Grade 1 Use temperature -183 to 104C -297 to 220F.Grade 2 Use temperature -183 to 175C -297 to 350F.Grade 3 Use temperature -183 to 120C -297 to 250F.4.1.2 Type IISheet.Gra
22、de 1 Use temperature -183 to 104C -297 to 220F.Grade 2 Use temperature -183 to 175C -297 to 350F.Grade 3 Use temperature -183 to 104C -297 to 220F.4.2 Grade 1 is flexible elastomeric material for use ontypical commercial systems.4.3 Grade 2 is a high temperature flexible elastomericmaterial.4.4 Grad
23、e 3 is an elastomeric material that does not containany leachable chlorides, fluorides or polyvinyl chloride.NOTE 2Continuous long-term exposure at or above the upper usetemperature may cause degradation in the form of loss of flexibility5. Materials5.1 These products shall be made of a homogeneous
24、blendof natural or synthetic rubber that is permitted to be modifiedwith various thermoplastic or thermosetting resins, plasticizers,modifiers, antioxidants, curatives, blowing agents and otheradditives. These products are thermoset and are not thermo-plastic in nature.5.2 These products are expande
25、d with chemical blowingagents that decompose with the application of heat. The gasesproduced by these blowing agents are similar to those found inthe atmosphere and thus the diffusion rate is not significant.These gases do not change over time and the thermal conduc-tivity of the insulation is stabl
26、e over time.5.3 Flexible, elastomeric, cellular thermal insulations shallbe of uniform core density and have closed cells. Even thoughthese insulation materials are permitted to have a smooth skinsurface on one or both sides, they are to be consideredhomogeneous for the purposes of determining therm
27、al perfor-mance.6. Physical Requirements6.1 Qualification RequirementsThermal conductivity, wa-ter vapor permeability and dimensional stability physicalproperties listed in Table 1, are defined as qualificationrequirements (refer to Practice C 390, Section 5, Classificationof Requirements and Sectio
28、n 6, Acceptance for QualificationRequirements).6.2 Inspection Requirements:3Available from, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, 7 Crouse Road, Scar-borough, Ontario MIR3A9TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for Type I (Tubular) and Type II (Sheet)AProperty Unit Grade 1 Grade 2(higher temperature)Grade 3(
29、non-chloride/non-fluoride containing)Apparent thermal conductivity, max.,at a mean temperature of:W/mK Btuin./hft2F-150C-238F 0.0230.16 0.023 0.16 0.023 0.16-100C -148F 0.028 0.18 0.028 0.18 0.028 0.18-29C -20F 0.036 0.25 0.036 0.25 0.036 0.25-18C 0F 0.038 0.26 0.038 0.26 0.038 0.2624C 75F 0.040 0.2
30、8 0.043 0.30 0.040 0.2850C 120F 0.043 0.30 0.047 0.32 0.043 0.3086C 150F 0.045 0.31 0.049 0.34 0.045 0.31150C 300F NA 0.061 0.42 NAWater absorption, max. % by volume 0.20 0.20 0.20Water-vapor permeability, max. g/Pasm perm-in. 1.44 3 10-100.10 1.44 3 10-100.10 1.44 3 10-100.10Linear shrinkage,max af
31、ter soak at maximumuse temperature% linear change 7.0 % 7.0 % 7.0 %ATable 1 describes two types of flexible elastomeric cellular thermal insulation. The values stated in Table 1 may not always be appropriate as design values. For specificdesign recommendations using a particular product and for supp
32、orting documentation, consult the manufacturer.C 534/C 534M 0826.2.1 The requirements for water absorption listed in Table1 is defined as an inspection requirement (refer to PracticeC 390, Section 5, Classification of Requirements, and Section7, Acceptance for Inspection Requirements).6.2.2 All dime
33、nsional requirements shall be as described inSection 6 and Table 2.6.2.3 All workmanship, finish and appearance requirementsshall be as described in Section 9.6.2.4 Compliance with inspection requirements shall be inaccordance with Practice C 390.6.3 Both Type I and Type II insulations shall conform
34、 to thephysical property requirements listed in Table 1.6.4 The material shall be free of objectionable odors at alltemperatures within the recommended use range when testedaccording to Test Method C 1304.6.5 Surface Burning CharacteristicsThe material shall betested to assess its surface burning ch
35、aracteristics, at thethickness supplied, in accordance with Test Method E84withmounting according to Practice E 2231. The results shall bereported. In Canada, use Test Method CAN/ULC-S102-03 andreport the results.6.5.1 This test method does not always define the hazardpotentially presented by prefor
36、med flexible elastomeric cellularthermal insulation under actual fire conditions. It is retained forreference in this standard as test data are required by somecodes.6.5.2 Preformed flexible cellular elastomeric thermal insu-lation is an organic material and is combustible. Do notexposed it to flame
37、s or other ignition sources. In someapplications, the fire test response characteristics of the mate-rial are addressed through requirements established by theappropriate governing documents.6.6 Leachable Chloride/Fluoride ContentGrade 3 shallbe below the detectable limit of the test procedure used
38、forleachable chlorides or fluorides when tested according to TestMethod C 871.7. Standard Shapes, Sizes and Dimensions7.1 Type ITubular materials are manufactured in 1.83 m 72 in. standard lengths, as well as in continuous lengths.Insulation is manufactured for diameters up to 200 mm 8 in.nominal pi
39、pe size (NPS) with wall thickness up to 37 mm 112in.7.2 Type IISheet material is manufactured in thicknessesup to 50 mm 2 in. Sheets are manufactured in sizes up to1.22 m 48 in. in width and in continuous lengths. Other sizesare available upon request. Individual dimensions shall con-form to those s
40、pecified by the manufacturer.7.3 Actual dimensions shall be agreed upon between themanufacturer and the purchaser. The procedure section and thepipe and tubing diameter information of Practice C 585 isbeneficial in determining these actual dimensions.7.4 The insulation tolerances shall conform to Ta
41、ble 2.8. Surface8.1 Type IAll surfaces (except ends and slits that aremechanically cut) shall have natural skins.8.2 Type IISheet material is manufactured either with skinon one side or with skin on two sides. The surface shall be atthe manufacturers option, unless otherwise specified.9. Workmanship
42、, Finish and Appearance9.1 The insulation shall be free of visual defects that willadversely affect the service quality. For example, blisters, blowholes and tears when occurring to an excessive degree shall bejudged to adversely affect the service quality of the material.10. Sampling10.1 The insula
43、tion shall be sampled in accordance withPractice C 390. Details shall be agreed upon between the buyerand seller.10.2 When possible, the insulation shall be tested in theform supplied. However, when Type I does not lend itself totesting or to making of test specimens because of its shape,standard te
44、st sheets shall be prepared from tubular materialhaving equivalent physical characteristics to Type I (see 10.1and 11.1.2).11. Test Methods11.1 Test Conditions:11.1.1 The physical requirements enumerated in this speci-fication shall be determined in accordance with the followingtest methods:11.1.2 W
45、hen standard test sheets are required for tubularmaterial, they shall be prepared by longitudinally slitting thetubular specimens along one wall thickness, opening andlaying the sample flat.11.1.3 These products are produced with either skin on oneside or skin on both sides. Testing shall be done in
46、 the final enduse form.11.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:11.2.1 Type IChoose from Test Methods C 177, C 518,C 1114 or C 335 in conjunction with Practice C 1045. Usestandard test sheet for C 177, C 518 or C 1114.NOTE 3Test Method C 335 may be used for below ambient condi-tions. The authors of this r
47、eference state, “the regression curves for sheetand pipe insulation agree with 1.5% and 2.5% at mean temperatures of 25and 10C, respectively. The measured apparent thermal conductivites ofTABLE 2 Dimensional Tolerances, mm in.TolerancesType ITubular MaterialInside diameter, mm in.:Up to 10 38 , incl
48、. +2.5 332 , -013 12 to2278 , incl. +3 18 , -0251to38112 , incl. +5 316 , -041 1-58 to602-38 , incl. +6 14 , -0Over 60 2-38 +10 38 , -0Wall thicknesses, mm in.:Up to 19 34 , incl. +3 18 , -019 and over 34 +5316 , -0Length, mm in. +75 3, -25 1Type IISheet MaterialThickness, mm in.:Up to 13 12 , incl.
49、 6 26116 Over 13 12 6 36332 Length and width, mm in.:Up to 150 6, incl. 6 6614 Over 150 6 to 300 12, incl. 6 10 638 Over 300 12 6 3%C 534/C 534M 083both types of materials are well below the maxima allowed by C 534.411.2.2 Type IIChoose from Test Methods C 177, C 518 orC 1114 in conjunction with Practice C 1045.11.2.3 Te
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