1、Designation: C534/C534M 14C534/C534M 16Standard Specification forPreformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulationin Sheet and Tubular Form1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C534/C534M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption
2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers preformed flexible elastomeric cellular thermal in
3、sulation in sheet and tubular form. Grade 1covers materials to be used on commercial or industrial systems with operating temperatures from -183183 to 104C -297297to 220F, Grade 2 covers material used on industrial systems with operating temperatures from -183183 to 175C -297297to 350F, and Grade 3
4、covers material used on industrial systems with operating temperatures from -183183 to 120C -297297to 250F where halogens are not permitted.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equival
5、ents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user o
6、f this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Tr
7、ansmission Properties by Means of theGuarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC209 Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating BoardC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation LotsC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe InsulationC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Per
8、formance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal InsulationsC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC534 Specification for Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Ther
9、mal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular FormC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and TubingC692 Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency ofAustenitic Stainless SteelC795 Specifica
10、tion for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride, Silicate, andSodium IonsC1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
11、C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusC1304 Test Method for Assessing the Odor Emission of Thermal Insulation MaterialsC142
12、7 Specification for Extruded Preformed Flexible Cellular Polyolefin Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 on Organic andNonhomogeneous Inorganic Th
13、ermal Insulations.Current edition approved April 15, 2014Oct. 1, 2016. Published July 2014October 2016. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 asC0534/C534M - 13.C0534/C534M 14. DOI: 10.1520/C0534_C0534M-14.10.1520/C0534_C0534M-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visi
14、t theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standar
15、d an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM i
16、s to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of Thermal Insulation MaterialsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1622 Test Method for App
17、arent Density of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD1667 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsPoly (Vinyl Chloride) Foam (Closed-Cell)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of MaterialsE177 Practice for Use of the Term
18、s Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodE2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface Bu
19、rningCharacteristics2.2 Other Standards:3CAN/ULC-S102 Standard Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C168 and in Terminology D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specifi
20、c to This Standard:3.2.1 cellular elastomeric foama closed-cell foam made of natural or synthetic rubber, or a mixture of the two, and containingother polymers, other chemicals, or both, which is permitted to be modified by organic or inorganic additives. These foams haveproperties similar to those
21、of vulcanized rubber, namely, (1) the ability to be converted from a thermoplastic to a thermosettingstate by cross-linking (vulcanization) and (2) the ability to recover substantially its original shape when strained or elongated.3.2.2 flexible cellulara flexible cellular organic polymeric material
22、 shall not rupture within 60 s when a specimen 200 by 25by 25 mm 8 by 1 by 1 in. is bent around a 25-mm 1-in. diameter mandrel at a uniform rate of one lap in 5 s in the form ofa helix at a temperature between 18 and 29C 65 and 85F.NOTE 1The flexibility of these materials may decrease at lower tempe
23、ratures.4. Classification4.1 The types are designated below:4.1.1 Type ITubular.Grade 1 Use temperature -183 to 104C -297 to 220F.Grade 2 Use temperature -183 to 175C -297 to 350F.Grade 3 Use temperature -183 to 120C -297 to 250F.4.1.2 Type IISheet.Grade 1 Use temperature -183 to 104C -297 to 220F.G
24、rade 2 Use temperature -183 to 175C -297 to 350F.Grade 3 Use temperature -183 to 104C -297 to 220F.4.2 Grade 1 is flexible elastomeric material for use on typical commercial systems.4.3 Grade 2 is a high temperature flexible elastomeric material.4.4 Grade 3 is an elastomeric material that does not c
25、ontain any leachable chlorides, fluorides or polyvinyl chloride.NOTE 2Continuous long-term exposure at or above the upper use temperature may cause degradation in the form of loss of flexibility5. Materials5.1 These products shall be made of a homogeneous blend of natural or synthetic rubber that is
26、 permitted to be modified withvarious thermoplastic or thermosetting resins, plasticizers, modifiers, antioxidants, curatives, blowing agents and other additives.These products are thermoset and are not thermoplastic in nature.5.2 These products are expanded with chemical blowing agents that decompo
27、se with the application of heat.The gases producedby these blowing agents are similar to those found in the atmosphere and thus the diffusion rate is not significant. These gases donot change over time and the thermal conductivity of the insulation is stable over time.5.3 Flexible, elastomeric, cell
28、ular thermal insulations shall be of uniform core density and have closed cells. Even though theseinsulation materials are permitted to have a smooth skin surface on one or both sides, they are to be considered homogeneous forthe purposes of determining thermal performance.3 Available from Underwrit
29、ers Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas, WA 98607-8542, http:/.C534/C534M 1626. Physical Requirements6.1 Qualification RequirementsThermal conductivity, water vapor permeability and dimensional stability physical propertieslisted in Table 1, are defined as qualification requirements (refer
30、to Practice C390, Section 5, Classification of Requirements andSection 6, Acceptance for Qualification Requirements).6.2 Inspection Requirements:6.2.1 The requirements for water absorption listed in Table 1 is defined as an inspection requirement (refer to Practice C390,Section 5, Classification of
31、Requirements, and Section 7, Acceptance for Inspection Requirements).6.2.2 All dimensional requirements shall be as described in Section 6 and Table 2.6.2.3 All workmanship, finish and appearance requirements shall be as described in Section 9.6.2.4 Compliance with inspection requirements shall be i
32、n accordance with Practice C390.6.3 Both Type I and Type II insulations shall conform to the physical property requirements listed in Table 1.6.4 The material shall be free of objectionable odors at all temperatures within the recommended use range when testedaccording to Test Method C1304.6.5 Surfa
33、ce Burning CharacteristicsThe material shall be tested to assess its surface burning characteristics, at the thicknesssupplied, in accordance with Test Method E84 with mounting according to Practice E2231. The results shall be reported. InCanada, use Test Method CAN/ULC-S102 and report the results.6
34、.5.1 This test method does not always define the hazard potentially presented by preformed flexible elastomeric cellularthermal insulation under actual fire conditions. It is retained for reference in this standard as test data are required by some codes.6.5.2 Preformed flexible cellular elastomeric
35、 thermal insulation is an organic material and is combustible. Do not exposed it toflames or other ignition sources. In some applications, the fire test response characteristics of the material are addressed throughrequirements established by the appropriate governing documents.6.6 Leachable Chlorid
36、e/Fluoride ContentGrade 3 shall be below the detectable limit of the test procedure used for leachablechlorides or fluorides when tested according to Test Method C871.7. Standard Shapes, Sizes and Dimensions7.1 Type ITubular materials are manufactured in 1.83 m 72 72 in. standard lengths, as well as
37、 in continuous lengths.Insulation is manufactured for diameters up to 200 mm 8 in. nominal pipe size (NPS) with wall thickness up to 50 mm 2 in.7.2 Type IISheet material is manufactured in thicknesses up to 50 mm 2 in. Sheets are manufactured in sizes up to 1.22 m48 in. in width and in continuous le
38、ngths. Other sizes are available upon request. Individual dimensions shall conform to thosespecified by the manufacturer.7.3 Actual dimensions shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The procedure section and the pipeand tubing diameter information of Practice C585 is benefi
39、cial in determining these actual dimensions.7.4 The insulation tolerances shall conform to Table 2.8. Surface8.1 Type IAll surfaces (except ends and slits that are mechanically cut) shall have natural skins.TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for Type I (Tubular) and Type II (Sheet)AProperty Unit Grade 1
40、Grade 2(higher temperature)Grade 3(non-chloride/non-fluoride containing)Apparent thermal conductivity, max.,at a mean temperature of:W/mK Btuin./hft2F-150C -238F 0.0230.16 0.023 0.16 0.023 0.16-100C -148F 0.028 0.18 0.028 0.18 0.028 0.18-29C -20F 0.036 0.25 0.036 0.25 0.036 0.25-18C 0F 0.038 0.26 0.
41、038 0.26 0.038 0.2624C 75F 0.040 0.28 0.043 0.30 0.040 0.2850C 120F 0.043 0.30 0.047 0.32 0.043 0.3086C 150F 0.045 0.31 0.049 0.34 0.045 0.31150C 300F NA 0.061 0.42 NAWater absorption, max. % by volume 0.20 0.20 0.20Water-vapor permeability, max. g/Pasm perm-in. 1.44 10-10 0.10 4.32 10-10 0.30 4.32
42、10-10 0.30Linear shrinkage,max after soak at maximumuse temperature% linear change 7.0 % 7.0 % 7.0 %A Table 1 describes two types of flexible elastomeric cellular thermal insulation. The values stated in Table 1 may not always be appropriate as design values. For specificdesign recommendations using
43、 a particular product and for supporting documentation, consult the manufacturer.C534/C534M 1638.2 Type IISheet material is manufactured either with skin on one side or with skin on two sides. The surface shall be at themanufacturers option, unless otherwise specified.9. Workmanship, Finish, and App
44、earance9.1 The insulation shall be free of visual defects that will adversely affect the service quality. For example, blisters, blow holesand tears when occurring to an excessive degree shall be judged to adversely affect the service quality of the material.10. Sampling10.1 The insulation shall be
45、sampled in accordance with Practice C390. Details shall be agreed upon between the buyer andseller.10.2 When possible, the insulation shall be tested in the form supplied. However, when Type I does not lend itself to testingor to making of test specimens because of its shape, standard test sheets sh
46、all be prepared from tubular material having equivalentphysical characteristics to Type I (see 10.1 and 11.1.2).11. Test Methods11.1 Test Conditions:11.1.1 The physical requirements enumerated in this specification shall be determined in accordance with the following testmethods:11.1.2 When standard
47、 test sheets are required for tubular material, they shall be prepared by longitudinally slitting the tubularspecimens along one wall thickness, opening and laying the sample flat.11.1.3 These products are produced with either skin on one side or skin on both sides. Testing shall be done in the fina
48、l enduse form.11.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:11.2.1 Type IChoose from Test Methods C177, C518, C1114 or C335 in conjunction with Practice C1045. Use standard testsheet for C177, C518 or C1114.NOTE 3Test Method C335 may be used for below ambient conditions. The authors of this reference state, “t
49、he regression curves for sheet and pipeinsulation agree with 1.5%1.5 and 2.5% 2.5 % at mean temperatures of 2525 and 10C, respectively. The measured apparent thermal conductivites ofboth types of materials are well below the maxima allowed by C534.411.2.2 Type IIChoose from Test Methods C177, C518 or C1114 in conjunction with Practice C1045.11.2.3 Tests shall be conducted with a tempe
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