1、Designation: C 549 06Standard Specification forPerlite Loose Fill Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition and physicalproperties of exp
3、anded perlite loose fill insulation. The speci-fication also includes the testing procedures by which theacceptability of the material is determined. These testingprocedures deal primarily with material performance in thetemperature range associated with the thermal envelope ofbuildings; however, th
4、e commercially usable temperaturerange for this insulation is from 459 to 1400F (1 to 1033 K).For specialized applications, refer to the manufacturers in-structions.1.2 The specification also covers the composition and prop-erties of perlite that has been surface-treated to produce dustsuppression f
5、or installations where dust is a factor.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 When the installation or use of thermal i
6、nsulationmaterials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or healthproblems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriatecurrent information regarding any known problems associatedwith the recommended use of the companys products, andshall also recommend protective measures to be employed
7、intheir safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriatesafety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory requirements prior to use. For additional precau-tionary statements, see Section 12.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any,
8、associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coar
9、seAggregatesC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State
10、Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 520 Test Methods for Density of Granular Loose FillInsulationsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750CE 177 Practice
11、for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C 168.4. Classification4.1 Perlite loose fill insulation shall conform to the physicalrequirements of 7. Expanded perlite that has been treated tolimit the amount
12、 of dust generated during application shall beidentified on the product label.5. Ordering Information5.1 All purchase orders shall designate the density ofinsulation desired or require conformance with the properties1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insula
13、tion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 onBlanket and Loose Fill Insulation.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 549 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.o
14、rg, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.in 7.1. The
15、purchase order shall designate surface-treatedproduct when desired.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Perlite is a generic term for a naturally occurringsiliceous mineral which is mined, crushed, sieved and dried toproduce a crude perlite ore. The crude ore, in the form ofparticles of varying size, wei
16、ghing 60 to 75 lb/ft3(960 to 1200kg/m3), is expanded in high-temperature furnaces to densitiesin the range from 2.0 to 11.0 lb/ft3(32 to 176 kg/m3). As anaturally occurring mineral, it is classified as an elementarybuilding material. It is noncombustible as determined by TestMethod E 136.7. Physical
17、 Requirements Physical Requirements7.1 The physical requirements listed in this section aredefined as inspection requirements (see Criteria C 390). Theinsulation shall conform to the following requirements:Bulk density, lb/ft3(kg/m3) 211 (32176)Grading (particle size):Percentage retained, maximum (b
18、yweight), Sieve No. 4 (4.75 mm), %5Small-scale fire test no sparking or igni-tion7.2 The physical requirements listed in this section aredefined as Qualification Requirements (see Criteria C 390).The insulation shall conform to the following requirements:Thermal resistance, hft2F/Btu (m2K/W) See Tab
19、le 1Moisture absorption, weight %/14 days, max, % 1.0Combustibility (by Test Method E 136) noncombustibleSurface burning characteristics:Flame spread, maxSmoke developed, max002550Dust suppression: (for surface treatedproduct)Weight of collected material, max, mg 858. Sampling8.1 For purposes of sta
20、ndard tests, sampling shall be inaccordance with Criteria C 390.9. Test Methods9.1 Bulk DensityTest Methods C 520, Method A.9.2 GradingTest Method C 136, except that when amechanical sieving device is used, the sieving time shall be 5min and the test sample shall be 0.11 6 0.02 lb (50 6 9g) ofmateri
21、al.9.3 Small-Scale Fire Test:9.3.1 ScopeThe purpose of this quality control test is toconfirm that excessive coating or organic material has not beenadded during processing.9.3.2 SignificanceThis specification measures and de-scribes the response of materials, products, or assemblies toheat and flam
22、e under controlled condition, but does not byitself incorporate all factors required for fire risk assessment ofmaterials, products or assemblies under actual conditions.9.3.3 ProcedureHold a 0.02 to 0.03 lb (9 to 14g) speci-men of the perlite insulation in a suitable fixture (such as 6 by6 by 2-in.
23、 (152 by 152 by 51-mm) deep wire mesh basketconstructed from 100-mesh (150 m) stainless steel wovenwire cloth) and positioned in direct contact with the flame of aBunsen burner for about 20 s. Sparking or ignition indicatesfailure to conform to the requirements of 7.19.3.4 Precision and BiasNo state
24、ment is made abouteither the precision or the accuracy of the small-scale fire testfor determining resistance of the perlite insulation to heat andflame since the result merely states whether there is conform-ance to the criteria for success specified in the procedure.9.4 Thermal ResistanceTests of
25、thermal resistance shallbe determined in accordance with Test Method C 177 or C 518.Testing shall be done at the design density and representativethickness. The arithmetic average thermal resistance of fourspecimens shall exceed 95% the value in Table 1. The thermalresistance (R-value) shall be dete
26、rmined at mean temperatureof 75 6 1F (24 6 0.5C) and a temperature difference of 40F(22C) . Report the direction of heat flow. Thermal resistanceat other mean temperatures may be determined if required.9.5 Moisture AbsorptionThe test specimen shall be 0.116 0.05 lb (50 6 23 g) of product. Fill and l
27、evel the product intoa specimen holder 9 by 9 by 5 6 0.1 in. (228 by 228 by 1276 3 mm) deep.9.5.1 Precondition in accordance with Test Method C 177 orC 518. Conditioning shall be with minimum air movementacross the specimen surface. Condition at 50 6 2 % relativehumidity and 120 6 2F (49 6 1C) to co
28、nstant weight andrecord. State the density of the specimen conditioned toconstant weight in the report of results.9.5.2 Increase the relative humidity to 90 6 2 %. Conditionto constant weight by weighing at 24-h intervals. Determinethe moisture pickup as a percent of conditioned weightdetermined in
29、9.5.1 at 50 6 2% relative humidity and 120 62F (49 6 1C).9.5.3 Precision and BiasThis test establishes a typicalproperty of perlite. It is an inherent characteristic. It is onlyintended to indicate sorption under high humidity conditionswhich are known to be characteristic of its usual insulation en
30、duse.9.6 Surface Burning Characteristics of perlite insulationshall be determined in accordance with Test Method E84at athickness that is representative of end use with a materialartificially supported in the test apparatus. Perlite with surfacetreatment to suppress dust shall be tested using Test M
31、ethodE 136 to demonstrate non-combustibility.9.7 Dust Suppression:9.7.1 Apparatus:9.7.1.1 Glass Plate,1612 by 1612 by14 in. (420 by 420 by6.4 mm).9.7.1.2 Clear Methacrylate Sheet Box, open bottom, 1512by 1512 by 1958 in. (390 by 390 by 500 6 3 mm) high with ahole in the center of the top 2116 in. (5
32、2.4 mm) in diameter.9.7.1.3 Plastic Tube,26 0.1 in. outside diameter by 1.8 60.1 in. inside diameter (50 by 45 6 3 mm), 17.75 6 0.25in. (450 6 6 mm) long, with a rubber washer such that thewasher snugly fits the outside diameter of the plastic tube andhas a larger outside diameter than the hole in t
33、he box.9.7.1.4 Beaker, 2000-mL.C5490629.7.1.5 Laboratory Funnel with a minimum nozzle insidediameter of 1 in. (25.4 mm).9.7.1.6 Graduated Cylinder, 1000-mL.9.7.1.7 Small Brush.9.7.1.8 Scale capable of measuring mass to within0.000002 lb (0.001 g).9.7.2 Specimen PreparationSpoon a representative spec
34、i-men of the product into the graduated cylinder to the 1000-mLlevel.9.7.3 Procedure:9.7.3.1 Place the glass plate flat on a suitable work surface.9.7.3.2 Place the 2000-mL beaker in the exact center of theglass plate.9.7.3.3 Place the plastic box on the glass plate such that thebox is centered on t
35、he plate and hole in top of the box iscentered directly over the 2000-mL beaker.9.7.3.4 Insert the plastic pipe into the hole in the top of thebox such that it protrudes down into the box such that the clearvertical distance from the bottom of the tube to the top of the2000-mL beaker is 1316 in. (21
36、 mm). The tube is supported inthe vertical position by the rubber washer.9.7.3.5 Place the laboratory funnel into the plastic tube.9.7.3.6 Pour 1000 mL of test material into the funnel suchthat it empties of all material in 10 s. It is the intent to have auniform stream of material falling into the
37、box for 10 s.9.7.3.7 After all visible material has settled onto the glassplate, carefully remove the plastic box and gently sweep thematerial that has collected on the glass plate into a pile, removeit, and determine its weight.9.7.4 Calculations:9.7.4.1 Report the amount of test material in millig
38、rams as“milligrams collected.”9.7.4.2 Report results as the average of five or moreindependent tests with no single reading over 0.00022 lb (100mg) with separate samples taken from the same source.9.7.5 Precision and BiasThe single-specimen, single-operator, single-day precision is a standard deviat
39、ion of4.43105lb (0.02 g) for the dust-suppressed material over arange from 2.23105to 1.8 3 104(0.01 to 0.08 g) as definedin Practice E 177.10. Inspection10.1 Inspection of the materials shall be made as agreedupon by the purchaser and the manufacturer as part of thepurchase contract.11. Packaging an
40、d Marking11.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified, the insulationshall be packed in the manufacturers standard commercialcontainer. The insulation shall be packed to ensure carrieracceptance and safe delivery at destination in containerscomplying with the rules and regulations applicable to themode
41、of transportation.11.2 MarkingShipping containers shall be marked withthe name of the insulation, minimum weight of container, andthe name of the manufacturer.12. Health and Safety Precautions12.1 PreinstallationHandle and store in accordance withmanufacturers instructions. Keep it dry and free of e
42、xtraneousmaterials.12.2 Installation:12.2.1 Pour the insulating material into the spaces andcavities to be insulated in a manner that minimizes free-fall andimpact. This will minimize crushing and breakdown of insu-lation particles and unnecessary formation of dust.12.2.2 Refer to the manufacturers
43、instructions regardingrecommended installation practices concerning the use ofrespiratory and eye protection.TABLE 1 Thermal ResistanceThermal Resistance for 1 in. (0.0254m) Thickness, hft2F/Btu (m2K/W)Mean Temp DensityALow Temperature ApplicationsF (C) 2-4.1 (3266) 4.1-7.4 (66-118) 7.4-11 (118-176)
44、-300 (-184) 9.17.7 (1.6-1.4) 7.7-6.3 (1.4-1.1) 6.35.2 (1.10.92)-200 (-129) 6.5-5.7 (1.11.0) 5.74.8 (1.00.85) 4.84.0 (0.850.70)-100 (-73) 5.14.5 (0.900.79) 4.53.8 (0.790.67) 3.8-3.3 (0.670.58)0 (-18) 4.23.7 (0.740.65) 3.73.2 (0.650.56) 3.22.8 (0.560.49)40 (4) 3.9-3.5 (0.690.62) 3.5-3.0 (0.620.53) 3.0
45、2.6 (0.530.46)75 (24) 3.73.3 (0.650.58) 3.32.8 (0.580.49) 2.82.5 (0.490.44)100 (38) 3.63.2 (0.630.56) 3.22.8 (0.560.49) 2.82.4 (0.490.42)High Temperature Applications3 (48) 8 (128) 11 (176)200 (93) 2.5 (0.44) 3.0 (0.53) 2.3 (0.41)300 (149) 1.9 (0.33) 2.5 (0.44) 2.0 (0.35)400 (204) 1.6 (0.28) 2.1 ( 0
46、.37) 1.8 (0.32)500 (260) 1.3 (0.23) 1.9 (0.33) 1.5 (0.26)600 (316) 1.1 (0.19) 1.6 (0.28) 1.3 (0.23)700 (371) 0.96 (0.17) 1.4 (0.25) 1.2 (0.21)800 (427) 0.84 (0.15) 1.2 (0.21) 1.0 (0.18)1000 (538) 0.65 (0.11) 0.96 (0.17) 0.81 (0.14)1200 (649) 0.52 (0.092) 0.76 (0.13) 0.63 (0.11)1400 (760) 0.42 (0.074
47、) 0.60 (0.11) 0.49 (0.086)Alb/ft3(kg/m3)C54906313. Keywords13.1 dust suppression; inorganic insulation; loose fill; per-lite; thermal insulationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of t
48、his standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five y
49、ears andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standa
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