ASTM C565-1993(2010)e1 Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Carbon and Graphite Mechanical Materials《碳和石墨机械加工材料抗拉检验的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: C565 93 (Reapproved 2010)1An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forTension Testing of Carbon and Graphite MechanicalMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C565; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or

2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUpdated units information in 1.2 and 5.2 editorially in May 2010.1. Scope1.1 These tes

3、t methods cover the apparatus, specimen, andprocedures for the tension testing of carbon and graphitemechanical materials with a grain size smaller than 0.79 mm.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 Exception

4、All of the figures are dimensioned ininches in accordance with the original standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices an

5、d determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C709 Terminology Relating to Manufactured Carbon andGraphiteC749 Test Method for Tensile Stress-Strain of Carbon andGraphiteE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Termi

6、nology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to manu-factured carbon and graphite, see Terminology C709. Thedefinitions of terms relating to tension testing in TerminologyE6 shall be considered as applying to the terms used in thesete

7、st methods.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods may be used for quality controltesting of established grades of carbon and graphite materials,in the development of new grades, and for other purposeswhere relative strength levels are the primary quantities ofinterest. This test method may be

8、 applicable only if the ratio ofspecimen diameter to grain size, or flaw size, is greater than 5.4.2 These test methods do not substitute for that describedin Test Method C749, but are useful where less sophisticateddata and less expensive techniques are sufficient.4.3 Carbon and graphite materials

9、exhibit significant physi-cal property differences within parent materials. Exact sam-pling patterns and grain orientations must be specified in orderto make meaningful tensile strength comparisons.5. Apparatus5.1 Testing Machine The machine used for tension testingshall conform to the requirements

10、of Practices E4. The testingmachine shall have a capacity that the breaking load of the testspecimen falls between 10 and 90 % of the scale capacity.5.2 Gripping DevicesGripping devices that conform tothe principles of those illustrated in Fig. 1 shall be used(dimensions that reflect the use of SI u

11、nits are permissible).These gripping devices shall be attached to the heads of thetesting machine through chain connectors. Fig. 2 shows thegripping device connected to the heads. Extreme care shall betaken that the axis of the test specimen is located on the centerline of the head of the testing ma

12、chine.6. Test Specimens6.1 Test specimens shall be produced to the configurationshown in Fig. 3.6.2 Improperly prepared test specimens often cause unsat-isfactory test results. It is important, therefore, that care beexercised in the preparation of specimens, particularly in themachining and polishi

13、ng.6.3 The specimen shall be hand polished with No. 000 drypaper until no circular grooves are visible to the naked eye.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and are the direct responsibility of Subcommit-tee D02.F0 on Manufactured C

14、arbon and Graphite Products.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C56593(2005). DOI:10.1520/C0565-93R10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Serv

15、ice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.4 The acceptable fracture zone of the spec

16、imen shall be19 mm long with the center of the zone at the point ofminimum diameter. Marks indicating fracture zone limits maybe applied with ink or layout dope, but no scratching, punch-ing, or notching of the specimen is permissible.6.5 To determine the cross-sectional area, the diameter ofthe spe

17、cimen at the narrowest point shall be used. Thedimension shall be recorded to the nearest 0.02 mm.7. Speed of Testing7.1 Speed of testing may be defined in terms of free-runningof the crosshead speed or in terms of rate of stressing thespecimen. Both methods are permissible.7.2 When free-running cro

18、sshead speed is used, the speedshall be 0.50 6 10 % mm/min.7.3 When rate of stressing the specimen is used, an appliedforce of 890 6 220 N/min shall be used.8. Tensile Strength8.1 Calculate the tensile strength by dividing the maximumload carried by the specimen during a tension test by thecross-sec

19、tional area of the specimen as defined in 6.5. Theweight of the bottom grip assembly must be accounted for inthe tensile strength calculation.8.2 If any part of the fracture takes place outside theacceptable fracture zone as defined in 6.4, the test shall bediscarded but reported.9. Report9.1 Report

20、 the following:9.1.1 Identification; manufacturer, grade number, lot num-ber, and original material size;9.1.2 Average ultimate tensile strength (MPa);NOTE 1All dimensions are in inches.NOTE 2Material is stainless steel.NOTE 3Surface finish of working surfaces, 11 microinches AA orbetter.NOTE 4Break

21、 all sharp corners.NOTE 5Top and bottom collars to be split into two 180 sections. Maxcutwidth not to exceed116 in.FIG. 1 Gripping DevicesFIG. 2 Test SetupNOTE 1All dimensions are in inches.NOTE 2Specimen shall be hand-polished on 9.141 to 9.172 radiuswith No. 000 dry paper until no circular grooves

22、 are visible to the nakedeye.FIG. 3 Test SpecimenC565 93 (2010)129.1.3 Method of loading (see Section 7);9.1.4 Number of samples tested;9.1.5 Number of samples reported;9.1.6 Standard deviation (MPa); and9.1.7 Specimen orientation.10. Precision and Bias10.1 These test methods are intended to be less

23、 sophisti-cated than the method described in Test Method C749. For thisreason an interlaboratory test program was not performed, butrather a direct comparison of the two tensile-test techniqueswas made. Two graphite grades of low variability were testedby two different laboratories, one with extensi

24、ve experiencewith Test Method C749, the other in the technique of thisstandard.10.2 The details of the experiments, the data base, and thestatistical analyses may be obtained from ASTM.310.3 PrecisionApproximately 20 specimens of the twomaterials were supplied for testing under these test methodsand

25、 ten specimens for testing under Test Method C749. Theresulting data were examined for outliers by the Dixon Test,Grubbs T-Test, and skewness. The data sets were examinedfor normality by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and for skew-ness and kurtosis. No outliers were found and only kurtosis forthe two t

26、en-specimen sets was found to be significant. Thisdoes not invalidate a test on means.10.3.1 By the approximate T-test, the means for the twotechniques were found to be the same for any significance levela equal to or less than 0.60 (two sided) corresponding to anobserved difference in means of 0.9

27、%. An F-test on varianceratios between the two tests showed a significant difference ata equal to or greater than 0.025 (one sided) for the observedvariance ratio of about five.10.3.2 It is concluded that these test methods will quitesatisfactorily produce mean values of tensile strengths, but areno

28、t satisfactory for producing good estimates for variance(standard deviation) unless proven by other measurementtechniques for the material in question.10.4 BiasBias has not been determined.11. Keywords11.1 carbon; graphite; tensile strengthASTM International takes no position respecting the validity

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33、tm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C05-1006.C565 93 (2010)13