ASTM C578-2008a Standard Specification for Rigid Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation.pdf

1、Designation: C 578 08aStandard Specification forRigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 578; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers the types, physical properti

3、es,and dimensions of cellular polystyrene boards with or withoutfacings or coatings made by molding (EPS) or extrusion (XPS)of expandable polystyrene. Products manufactured to thisspecification are intended for use as thermal insulation fortemperatures from -65 to +165F (-53.9 to +73.9C). Thisspecif

4、ication does not apply to laminated products manufac-tured with any type of rigid board facer including fiberboard,perlite board, gypsum board, or oriented strand board.1.1.1 For Type XIII only, this specification covers thephysical properties, and dimensions of cellular polystyreneintended for use

5、as thermal insulation for temperatures from297 to +165F (183 to +73.9C).1.2 Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendationsand properties in cryogenic conditions.1.2.1 This specification does not cover cryogenic propertiesexcept for the k-factors for Type XIII in Appendix X1. ForType XIII in s

6、pecific cryogenic applications, the manufacturerand purchaser shall agree upon the actual temperature limitsand physical property requirements in addition to the k-factorsin Appendix X1.1.3 The use of thermal insulation materials covered by thisspecification may be regulated by building codes that a

7、ddressfire performance. For some end uses, specifiers should alsoaddress the effect of moisture. Guidelines regarding these enduse considerations are included in Appendix X1.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconve

8、rsions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practice

9、s and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments

10、and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Prop-erties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC 272 Test Method for Water Absorption of Core Materialsfor Structural Sandwich ConstructionsC 303 Test Method for Dimensions an

11、d Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow

12、 Meter ApparatusC 550 Test Method for Measuring Trueness and Squarenessof Rigid Block and Board Thermal InsulationC 870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-terialsC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting

13、Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusC 1303 Test Method for Predicting Long-Term ThermalResistance of Closed-Cell Foam InsulationC 1363 Test Method for

14、Thermal Performance of BuildingMaterials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a HotBox Apparatus1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.C

15、urrent edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 578 08.2This specification is similar to ISO 4898-1984, “Cellular PlasticsSpecificationfor Rigid Cellular Materials Used in the Thermal Insulation of Buildings,” in t

16、itleonly. The scope and technical content are significantly different.ISO standards are available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI),25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM C

17、ustomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviat

18、ed Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties Of RigidCellular PlasticsD 1622 Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD 2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum OxygenCo

19、ncentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion ofPlastics (Oxygen Index)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsE 176 Terminology of Fire Standards3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms used in this spe

20、cification are defined in Termi-nology C 168.3.1.2 Terms used in this specification that relate to firestandards are defined in Terminology E 176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 EPSletter designation for the molded expandedpolystyrene thermal insulation classified by this sp

21、ecification.It is defined as cellular plastic product manufactured frompre-expanded polystyrene beads subsequently molded intodesired shapes and sizes resulting in a product which is rigidwith closed cellular structure.3.2.2 RCPSletter designations for the rigid cellular poly-styrene thermal insulat

22、ion classified by this specification thatidentifies the product as rigid cellular polystyrene.3.2.3 PSused in this specification to represent polystyrenein accordance with Terminology D 1600.3.2.4 XPSletter designation for the extruded expandedpolystyrene thermal insulation classified by this specif

23、ication.It is defined as cellular plastic product manufactured in a onestage process by extrusion and expansion of the base polymerin the presence of blowing agent(s) resulting in a productwhich is rigid with closed cellular structure.4. Classification4.1 This specification covers types of RCPS ther

24、mal insu-lations currently commercially available as described by thephysical property requirements in Table 1.5. Ordering Information5.1 Acquisition documents shall specify the following:5.1.1 Title, number, and year of this specification,5.1.2 Type (see Table 1),5.1.3 R-value or thickness required

25、 (see Tables 1 and 2),TABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements of RCPS Thermal InsulationNOTE 1The values for properties listed in this table may be affected by the presence of a surface skin which is a result of the manufacturing process.The values for Type XIII properties listed in this table must b

26、e generated on material with the surface skin removed. Where products are tested withskins-in-place, this condition shall be noted in the test report.NOTE 2Type III has been deleted because it is no longer available.NOTE 3In addition to the thermal resistance values in Table 1, values at mean temper

27、atures of 25 6 2F (-4 6 1C), 40 6 2F (4 6 1C), and 1106 2F (43 6 1C) are provided in X1.8 for information purposes.NOTE 4For Type XIII, in addition to the Thermal resistance property requirements shown in Table 1, there are Apparent Thermal Conductivityproperty values shown for informational purpose

28、s in Table X1.2 of Appendix X1.NOTE 5Values quoted are maximum vales for 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) thick samples with natural skins intact. Lower values will result for thickermaterials. Where water vapor permeance is a design issue, consult manufacturer.Classification TypeXITypeITypeVIIITypeXIITypeXTypeII

29、TypeXIIITypeIVTypeIXTypeVITypeXIVTypeVIITypeXVTypeVCompressive resistance atyield or 10 % deformation,whichever occurs first(with skins intact), min, psi(kPa)5.0(35)10.0(69)13.0(90)15.0(104)15.0(104)15.0(104)20.0(138)25.0(173)25.0(173)40.0(276)40.0(276)60.0(414)60.0(414)100.0(690)Thermal resistance

30、of 1.00-in.(25.4-mm) thickness, min,Fft2h/Btu (Km2/W)Mean temperature:75 6 2F (24 6 1C) 3.1(0.55)3.6(0.63)3.8(0.67)4.6(0.81)5.0(0.88)4.0(0.70)3.9(0.68)5.0(0.88)4.2(0.74)5.0(0.88)4.2(0.74)5.0(0.88)4.3(0.76)5.0(0.88)Flexural strength, min, psi (kPa)10.0(70)25.0(173)30.0(208)40.0(276)40.0(276)35.0(240)

31、45.0(310)50.0(345)50.0(345)60.0(414)60.0(414)75.0(517)75.0(517)100.0(690)Water vapor permeance of1.00-in. (25.4-mm) thickness(See Note 5.), max, perm (ng/Pasm2)5.0(287)5.0(287)3.5(201)1.5(86)1.5(86)3.5(201)1.5(86)1.5(86)2.5(143)1.1(63)2.5(143)1.1(63)2.5(143)1.1(63)Water absorption by totalimmersion,

32、 max, volume %4.0 4.0 3.0 0.3 0.3 3.0 0.5 0.3 2.0 0.3 2.0 0.3 2.0 0.3Dimensional stability (changein dimensions), max,%2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Oxygen index, min, volume % 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0Density, min, lb/ft3(kg/m3) 0

33、.70(12)0.90(15)1.15(18)1.20(19)1.30(21)1.35(22)1.60(26)1.55(25)1.80(29)1.80(29)2.40(38)2.20(35)2.85(46)3.00(48)C 578 08a25.1.3.1 Thermal Resistance/Thickness RelationshipThethermal resistance (R-value) and the thermal resistivity (R-value/inch) of RCPS thermal insulation may vary with thick-ness. Th

34、erefore, when ordering, specify the R-value or thethickness, or both. For additional information, see PracticeC 1045.5.1.4 Density, if other than specified in Table 1,5.1.5 Tolerance, if other than specified (see 8.2),5.1.6 Length and width required (see Table 2 and 8.1),5.1.7 If other than straight

35、 edges are required (see 8.3),5.1.8 If either ship-lap or tongue-and-groove edges arerequired (see 8.6),5.1.9 Tapered Insulationspecial ordering information. Inaddition to other applicable requirements in Section 5 (Note 1),acquisition documents for tapered RCPS thermal insulationshall specify the f

36、ollowing:5.1.9.1 Minimum starting thickness,5.1.9.2 Slope, in./ft (mm/m),5.1.9.3 Average R-value,5.1.9.4 Minimum thickness,5.1.9.5 Shop DrawingsThe tapered insulation suppliershall provide shop drawings to illustrate installation patternsand dimensions for each tapered module,5.1.10 Sampling, if dif

37、ferent (see 10.1),5.1.11 If a certificate of compliance is required (see 14.1),and5.1.12 If marking is other than specified (see 15.1).NOTE 1Physical properties of tapered insulation should be deter-mined on blocks of RCPS thermal insulation before the insulation istapered.5.1.13 Type XIIISpecial or

38、dering information. In additionto other applicable requirements in Section 5, acquisitiondocuments for Type XIII thermal insulation shall specify ifpresence of surface skins is required.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 RCPS thermal insulation shall be formed by the expan-sion of polystyrene resin bea

39、ds or granules in a closed mold, orby the expansion of polystyrene base resin in an extrusionprocess. RCPS thermal insulation shall be of uniform densityand have essentially closed cells. All RCPS thermal insulationshall contain sufficient flame retardants to meet the oxygenindex requirements of Tab

40、le 1.7. Physical Requirements Physical Requirements7.1 Inspection Requirements:7.1.1 The physical requirements listed in this section aredefined as inspection requirements (refer to Practice C 390).7.1.2 All dimensional requirements are described in Section8.7.1.3 All workmanship, finish, and appear

41、ance requirementsare described in Section 9.7.1.4 Density shall be in accordance with Table 1.NOTE 2For lots of 150 units or less, the tightened inspection samplingplan in Practice C 390 will be followed.7.2 Qualification Requirements:7.2.1 The physical properties listed in this section of thespecif

42、ication are defined as qualification requirements (refer toPractice C 390). Thermal resistance, compressive resistance,flexural strength, water vapor permeance, water absorption,dimensional stability, and oxygen index shall be in accordancewith Table 1.7.2.2 The mean thermal resistance of the materi

43、al testedshall not be less than the minimum value identified in Table 1.The thermal resistances of individual specimens tested shallnot be less than 90 % of the minimum value identified in Table1.7.2.3 Compliance with qualification requirements shall bein accordance with Practice C 390.7.3 Table 1 d

44、escribes types of RCPS thermal insulation.However, it does not cover all available products on themarket. The values stated in Table 1 are not intended to be usedas design values. It is the buyers responsibility to specifydesign requirements and obtain supporting documentationfrom the material suppl

45、ier.7.4 Combustibility CharacteristicsRCPS thermal insula-tion is an organic material and is, therefore, combustible. Itshall not be exposed to flames or other ignition sources. Thevalues obtained by the oxygen index test (see Table 1 and11.10) do not necessarily indicate or describe the fire risk o

46、f thematerials and are used in this specification primarily todistinguish between insulations formulated with flame retar-dants and those not so formulated.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 The materials covered by this specification are com-monly available in the sizes shown in Table 2. O

47、ther sizes shallbe agreed upon between the supplier and the user.8.2 Dimensional TolerancesUnless otherwise specified,the length tolerance shall not exceed 60.03 in./ft (62.5 mm/m)of length; the width tolerance shall not exceed 60.06 in./ft(65.0 mm/m) of width; and the thickness tolerance shall note

48、xceed 60.06 in./in. (659.5 mm/m) of thickness. For productsless than 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) in thickness, the thicknesstolerance shall not exceed 60.06 in. (1.5 mm).TABLE 2 Common Dimensions of RCPS Thermal InsulationType XI, I, VIII, II, IX, XIV, XV X, IV, XII VI, VII V XIIIWidth, in. (mm) 12 to 48 (30

49、5 to 1219) 16, 24, 48 (406, 610, 1219) 24 (610) 16 (406) 14 to 20 (356 to508)Length, in. (mm) 48 to 192 (1219 to 4877) 48, 96 108 (1219, 2438, 2743) 48, 96, (1219, 2438) 96 (2438) 36 to 112 (914 to2845)Thickness, in. (mm)38 to 24 (9.5 to 610)12 to 4 (13 to 102) 1 to 4 (25 to 102) 1 to 4 (25 to 102) 7 to 10 (178 to254)C 578 08a38.2.1 Dimensional Tolerances for RCPS Type III - thelength tolerance shall not exceed +1, 0 in (+25.4, 0 mm); thewidth tolerance shall not exceed +0.5, 0 in (+12.7, 0 mm);and the thickness tolerance shall not exc