1、Designation: C578 12bStandard Specification forRigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C578; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers the types, physical properties
3、,and dimensions of cellular polystyrene boards with or withoutfacings or coatings made by molding (EPS) or extrusion (XPS)of expandable polystyrene. Products manufactured to thisspecification are intended for use as thermal insulation fortemperatures from -65 to +165F (-53.9 to +73.9C). Thisspecific
4、ation does not apply to laminated products manufac-tured with any type of rigid board facer including fiberboard,perlite board, gypsum board, or oriented strand board.1.1.1 For Type XIII only, this specification covers thephysical properties, and dimensions of cellular polystyreneintended for use as
5、 thermal insulation for temperatures from297 to +165F (183 to +73.9C).1.2 Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendationsand properties in cryogenic conditions.1.2.1 This specification does not cover cryogenic propertiesexcept for the k-factors for Type XIII in Appendix X1. ForType XIII in spe
6、cific cryogenic applications, the manufacturerand purchaser shall agree upon the actual temperature limitsand physical property requirements in addition to the k-factorsin Appendix X1.1.3 The use of thermal insulation materials covered by thisspecification may be regulated by building codes that add
7、ressfire performance. For some end uses, specifiers should alsoaddress the effect of moisture and wind pressure resistance.Guidelines regarding these end use considerations are includedin Appendix X1.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parenth
8、eses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
9、safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties ofThermal InsulationsC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State H
10、eat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Proper-ties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC272 Test Method for Water Absorption of Core Materialsfor Structural Sandwich ConstructionsC303 Test Meth
11、od for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Propertiesof Pipe InsulationC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means o
12、f the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC550 Test Method for Measuring Trueness and Squarenessof Rigid Block and Board Thermal InsulationC870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-terialsC1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-erties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1058 Practice f
13、or Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the dir
14、ect responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2012. Published January 2013. Originallyapproved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C578 12a. DOI:10.1520/C0578-12B.2This specification is similar to
15、 ISO 4898-1984, “Cellular PlasticsSpecificationfor Rigid Cellular Materials Used in the Thermal Insulation of Buildings,” in titleonly. The scope and technical content are significantly different.ISO standards are available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI),25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor,
16、 New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM Intern
17、ational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1303 Test Method for Predicting Long-Term Thermal Re-sistance of Closed-Cell Foam InsulationC1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of BuildingMaterials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a HotBox Appara
18、tusD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidCellular PlasticsD1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD2863 Test Method fo
19、r Measuring the Minimum OxygenConcentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion ofPlastics (Oxygen Index)E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterialsE176 Terminology of Fire Standards3. Terminology3.1 Definitions
20、:3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology C168.3.1.2 Terms used in this specification that relate to firestandards are defined in Terminology E176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 EPSletter designation for the molded expandedpolystyrene thermal insul
21、ation classified by this specification.It is defined as cellular plastic product manufactured frompre-expanded polystyrene beads subsequently molded intodesired shapes and sizes resulting in a product which is rigidwith closed cellular structure.3.2.2 RCPSletter designations for the rigid cellular p
22、oly-styrene thermal insulation classified by this specification thatidentifies the product as rigid cellular polystyrene.3.2.3 PSused in this specification to represent polystyrenein accordance with Terminology D1600.3.2.4 XPSletter designation for the extruded expandedpolystyrene thermal insulation
23、 classified by this specification.It is defined as cellular plastic product manufactured in a onestage process by extrusion and expansion of the base polymerin the presence of blowing agent(s) resulting in a productwhich is rigid with closed cellular structure.4. Classification4.1 This specification
24、 covers types of RCPS thermal insu-lations currently commercially available as described by thephysical property requirements in Table 1.5. Ordering Information5.1 Acquisition documents shall specify the following:5.1.1 Title, number, and year of this specification,5.1.2 Type (see Table 1),5.1.3 R-v
25、alue or thickness required (see Tables 1 and 2),5.1.3.1 Thermal Resistance/Thickness RelationshipThethermal resistance (R -value) and the thermal resistivity (R-value/inch) of RCPS thermal insulation may vary with thick-ness. Therefore, when ordering, specify the R-value or thethickness, or both. Fo
26、r additional information, see PracticeC1045.5.1.4 Density, if other than specified in Table 1,5.1.5 Tolerance, if other than specified (see 8.2),5.1.6 Length and width required (see Table 2 and 8.1),5.1.7 If other than straight edges are required (see 8.3),5.1.8 If either ship-lap or tongue-and-groo
27、ve edges arerequired (see 8.6),5.1.9 Tapered Insulationspecial ordering information. Inaddition to other applicable requirements in Section 5 (Note 1),acquisition documents for tapered RCPS thermal insulationshall specify the following:5.1.9.1 Minimum starting thickness,5.1.9.2 Slope, in./ft (mm/m),
28、5.1.9.3 Average R-value,5.1.9.4 Minimum thickness,5.1.9.5 Shop DrawingsThe tapered insulation suppliershall provide shop drawings to illustrate installation patternsand dimensions for each tapered module,5.1.10 Sampling, if different (see 10.1),5.1.11 If a certificate of compliance is required (see
29、14.1),and5.1.12 If marking is other than specified (see 15.1).NOTE 1Physical properties of tapered insulation should be determinedon blocks of RCPS thermal insulation before the insulation is tapered.5.1.13 Type XIIISpecial ordering information. In additionto other applicable requirements in Section
30、 5, acquisitiondocuments for Type XIII thermal insulation shall specify ifpresence of surface skins is required.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 RCPS thermal insulation shall be formed by the expan-sion of polystyrene resin beads or granules in a closed mold, orby the expansion of polystyrene base re
31、sin in an extrusionprocess. RCPS thermal insulation shall be of uniform densityand have essentially closed cells. All RCPS thermal insulationshall contain sufficient flame retardants to meet the oxygenindex requirements of Table 1.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Inspection Requirements:7.1.1 The physica
32、l requirements listed in this section aredefined as inspection requirements (refer to Practice C390).7.1.2 All dimensional requirements are described in Section8.7.1.3 All workmanship, finish, and appearance requirementsare described in Section 9.7.1.4 Density shall be in accordance with Table 1.NOT
33、E 2For lots of 150 units or less, the tightened inspection samplingplan in Practice C390 will be followed.7.2 Qualification Requirements:7.2.1 The physical properties listed in this section of thespecification are defined as qualification requirements (refer toPractice C390). Thermal resistance, com
34、pressive resistance,C578 12b2flexural strength, water vapor permeance, water absorption,dimensional stability, and oxygen index shall be in accordancewith Table 1. The average test value based upon testing thenumber of test specimens required by the specified test methodfor each physical property or
35、 Section 11 of this specificationshall be used to determine compliance.7.2.2 The mean thermal resistance of the material testedshall not be less than the minimum value identified in Table 1.The thermal resistances of individual specimens tested shallnot be less than 90 % of the minimum value identif
36、ied in Table1.7.2.2.1 Test 1 in. (25.4 mm) thick specimens for determi-nation of compliance with thermal resistance, compressiveresistance, water vapor permeance, water absorption, dimen-sional stability and density property requirements in Table 1.If1 in. (25.4 mm) thickness product is not produced
37、 the nextavailable commercially manufactured product thicknessgreater than 1 in. (25.4 mm) thickness shall be tested andreported.7.2.3 Compliance with qualification requirements shall bein accordance with Practice C390.7.3 Table 1 describes types of RCPS thermal insulation.However, it does not cover
38、 all available products on themarket. The values stated in Table 1 are not intended to be usedas design values. It is the buyers responsibility to specifydesign requirements and obtain supporting documentationfrom the material supplier.7.4 Combustibility CharacteristicsRCPS thermal insula-tion is an
39、 organic material and is, therefore, combustible. ItTABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements of RCPS Thermal InsulationNOTE 1The values for properties listed in this table may be affected by the presence of a surface skin which is a result of the manufacturing process.The values for Type XIII properti
40、es listed in this table must be generated on material with the surface skin removed. Where products are tested withskins-in-place, this condition shall be noted in the test report.NOTE 2Type III has been deleted because it is no longer available.NOTE 3In addition to the thermal resistance values in
41、Table 1, values at mean temperatures of 25 2F (-4 1C), 40 2F (4 1C), and 110 2F (43 1C) are provided in X1.8 for information purposes.NOTE 4For Type XIII, in addition to the Thermal resistance property requirements shown in Table 1, there are Apparent Thermal Conductivityproperty values shown for in
42、formational purposes in Table X1.2 of Appendix X1.NOTE 5Values quoted are maximum values for 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) thick samples with natural skins intact. Lower values will result for thickermaterials. Where water vapor permeance is a design issue, consult manufacturer.NOTE 6Types XI, I, VIII, II, IX,
43、 XIV and XV are typically EPS insulation. Types XII, X, XIII, IV, VI, VII and V are typically XPS insulation.Classification TypeXITypeITypeVIIITypeIITypeIXTypeXIVTypeXVTypeXIITypeXTypeXIIITypeIVTypeVITypeVIITypeVCompressive resistance atyield or 10 % deformation,whichever occurs first(with skins int
44、act), min, psi(kPa)5.0(35)10.0(69)13.0(90)15.0(104)25.0(173)40.0(276)60.0(414)15.0(104)15.0(104)20.0(138)25.0(173)40.0(276)60.0(414)100.0(690)Thermal resistance of 1.00-in.(25.4-mm) thickness, min,Fft2h/Btu (Km2/W)3.1(0.55)3.6(0.63)3.8(0.67)4.0(0.70)4.2(0.74)4.2(0.74)4.3(0.76)4.6(0.81)5.0(0.88)3.9(0
45、.68)5.0(0.88)5.0(0.88)5.0(0.88)5.0(0.88)Mean temperature:75 2F (24 1C)Flexural strength, min, psi (kPa) 10.0(70)25.0(173)30.0(208)35.0(240)50.0(345)60.0(414)75.0(517)40.0(276)40.0(276)45.0(310)50.0(345)60.0(414)75.0(517)100.0(690)Water vapor permeance of1.00-in. (25.4-mm) thickness(See Note 5.), max
46、, perm(ng/Pasm2)5.0(287)5.0(287)3.5(201)3.5(201)2.5(143)2.5(143)2.5(143)1.5(86)1.5(86)1.5(86)1.5(86)1.1(63)1.1(63)1.1(63)Water absorption by totalimmersion, max, volume %4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3Dimensional stability (changein dimensions), max,%2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2
47、.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0Oxygen index, min, volume % 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0Density, min, lb/ft3(kg/m3) 0.70(12)0.90(15)1.15(18)1.35(22)1.80(29)2.40(38)3.00(48)1.20(19)1.30(21)1.60(26)1.45(23)1.80(29)2.20(35)3.00(48)TABLE 2 Common Dimensions of RCPS
48、 Thermal InsulationType XI, I, VIII, II, IX, XIV, XV X, IV, XII VI, VII V XIIIWidth, in. (mm) 12 to 48 (305 to 1219) 16, 24, 48 (406, 610, 1219) 24 (610) 16 (406) 14 to 20 (356 to508)Length, in. (mm) 48 to 192 (1219 to 4877) 48, 96 108 (1219, 2438, 2743) 48, 96, (1219, 2438) 96 (2438) 36 to 112 (914
49、 to2845)Thickness, in. (mm)38 to 24 (9.5 to 610)12 to 4 (13 to 102) 1 to 4 (25 to 102) 1 to 4 (25 to 102) 7 to 10 (178 to254)C578 12b3shall not be exposed to flames or other ignition sources. Thevalues obtained by the oxygen index test (see Table 1 and11.10) do not necessarily indicate or describe the fire risk of thematerials and are used in this specification primarily todistinguish between insulations formulated with flame retar-dants and those not so formulated.8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations8.1 The materials co
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