[外语类试卷]上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷9及答案与解析.doc

1、上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷 9及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Nixon was a man of limited means,and when he won his Senate seat, a group of businessmen had publicly solicited funds to enable him to keep in touch with the voters in his home state. （ A） donated . （ B） reserved （ C） enlarged （ D） sought 2 In con

2、trast to the Beatleswhimsical humor and love songs, The Who played loud music that featured guitar screeches,smashed instruments onstage in their concerts,and performed rock operas. （ A） scornful （ B） unusual （ C） emotional （ D） intense 3 Rifle shooting has become a favorite diversion of city dwelle

3、rs nowadays,and groups of people organize weekend target-shooting excursions into the countryside. （ A） bands （ B） clubs （ C） trips （ D） projects 4 In England during the 17th and 18th centuries,English gentlemen were expected to be polite,pious, and compassionate and to devote more time to their cou

4、ntry homes than to life at court. （ A） sincere （ B） elegant （ C） modest （ D） obedient 5 In 1994 the Clinton Administration threw its diplomatic and military power behind Haitis ousted_President Jean-Bertrand Aristide and helped return him to power peacefully. （ A） elected （ B） displaced （ C） disgust

5、ed （ D） resigned 6 The Seder consists of prescribed foods,each of which symbolizes some aspect of the ordeal under-gone by the Hebrews during their enslavement in Egypt. （ A） hardship （ B） nutrition （ C） conviction （ D） subsistence 7 Local building codes were originally introduced to provide protect

6、ion against shoddy workmanship. （ A） insecure （ B） internal （ C） inferior （ D） incredible 8 On May 1,1960,an American U-2 reconnaissance plane was shot down inside the Soviet Union. Khrushchev, thoroughly incensed, called for a United States apology. （ A） shocked （ B） disappointed （ C） disgraced （ D

7、） angered 9 SDS members believed that serious problems plagued the country,such as economic inequality,the nuclear arms race,racism,and widespread political apathy. （ A） incapability （ B） instability （ C） indifference （ D） inconsistency 10 The verses of al-Maarri,the blind Syrian poet,taunted the pr

8、ivileged classes of his day and expressed a strong contempt for hypocrisy,injustice,and superstition. （ A） condemned （ B） ridiculed （ C） depicted （ D） irritated 11 If the national pastime could be integrated,it seemed only a matter of time before the nations schools,playgrounds,buses,and restaurants

9、 could also be integrated. （ A） recreation （ B） discipline （ C） tuition （ D） regulation 12 Apparently first described in 1964,transient global amnesia consists of a(n)abrupt loss of memory lasting from a few seconds to a few hours, without loss of consciousness or other evidence of impairment. （ A）

10、abundant （ B） scarce （ C） sudden （ D） abnormal 13 Vast herds of large game animals once roamed the plains of what is now the state of Kansas. （ A） wandered （ B） inhabited （ C） grazed （ D） populated 14 On the journey to the lake I began to wonder how time had marred this unique,this holy spot the cov

11、es and streams,the hills,the camps and paths behind the camps. （ A） facilitated （ B） adored （ C） battered （ D） disfigured 15 They also want the polices use of force kept in check,especially in poor neighborhoods where everyone is apt to be treated like a suspect. （ A） in reserve （ B） under observati

12、on （ C） under control （ D） within limits 16 As to the precise value of this scientific knowledge, it depends to a great extent on how it has been acquired and on who has been imparting it. （ A） pursuing （ B） instructing （ C） summarizing （ D） accumulating 17 In the United States,the provisions of the

13、 constitution of any state may not conflict with those of the Federal Constitution. （ A） stipulations （ B） interrelation （ C） jurisdictions （ D） interpretations 18 Enraged by being taxed without being given representation, New Englanders tipped tea into Boston harbor. （ A） Disappointed （ B） Alienate

14、d （ C） Infuriated （ D） Endangered 19 Because the details of the project were rather hazy,we decided to reject the proposal. （ A） dubious （ B） unobtainable （ C） lucrative （ D） ambiguous 20 “I never imagined,“he chuckled,“that I would some day struggle so mightily,and so futilely, to explain music to

15、a robot“. （ A） uselessly （ B） effectively （ C） sufficiently （ D） successfully 21 Rope possesses the attributes of flexibility and,per unit of weight,uncommonly great strength. （ A） integrities （ B） conveniences （ C） characteristics （ D） advantages 22 The general material DNA contains coded informati

16、on for the synthesis of proteins. （ A） analysis （ B） formation （ C） absorption （ D） functioning 23 The police failed in their attempt to break up the wild demonstrators that roared along the street. （ A） disperse （ B） intervene （ C） discipline （ D） detach 24 The situation on the reservation is aggra

17、vated by the big generation gap in many Indiansfamilies. （ A） pervaded （ B） frustrated （ C） worsened （ D） crumbled 25 Lebanon is one of the few countries in the Middle East with a comparatively well-developed labor movement. Trade unions have secured some tangible gains,such as fringe benefits and b

18、etter working conditions. （ A） concrete （ B） trivial （ C） momentous （ D） crucial 26 Western scholars generally recognize two main kinds of riddle:the descriptive riddle and the witty question. （ A） shrewd （ B） absurd （ C） controversial （ D） exhilarating 27 The nocturnal habits and mournful cries of

19、owls have made them objects of superstition for some people. （ A） peculiar （ B） obscure （ C） frightful （ D） sorrowful 28 The Minnesota Senate approved a measure that would have established the nations first constitutional fight to hunt and fish,but the House failed to endorse it before adjourning. （

20、 A） confess （ B） perceive （ C） sanction （ D） reckon 29 Most trappers worked alone and emerged from the wilderness only for the annual rendezvous,where they haggled and argued until they sold their furs to the highest bidder. （ A） exposition （ B） gathering （ C） festival （ D） market-place 30 Defenses

21、can also gain possession of the ball by intercepting a pass or by stealing the ball from the dribbler. （ A） blocking （ B） evading （ C） striving （ D） initiating 31 Although the Arab cutbacks represented a loss of less than 7 percent in world supply,they created panic on the part of oil companies,cons

22、umers,oil traders,and some governments. （ A） fright （ B） deficit （ C） strain （ D） misfortune 32 Optimism is contagious,and one good way to develop a winners attitude is to work for someone who has it. （ A） inherent （ B） beneficial （ C） infectious （ D） essential 33 Some cells,such as epithelia, proli

23、ferate more rapidly when the body is asleep than when it is awake. （ A） cluster （ B） multiply （ C） convert （ D） subsist 34 To his supportersdismay, Mr. White became rather haughty after he won the election. （ A） sarcastic （ B） brutal （ C） stern （ D） arrogant 35 A group of American colonists calling

24、themselves the Sons of Liberty sprang up in protest against the Stamp Act of 1765. （ A） announced （ B） emerged （ C） demonstrated （ D） departed 36 Those who have never suffered impairment of sight and hearing seldom make the fullest use of their blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sigh

25、ts and sounds hazily. （ A） lazily （ B） indifferently （ C） obscurely （ D） hastily 37 When the will and conscience of the international community is defied,we will act with peaceful diplomacy whenever possible,with force when necessary. （ A） despised （ B） encroached （ C） assaulted （ D） deplored 38 Cul

26、ture shock explains much of the bewilderment, frustration, and disorientation that plagues people in their dealings with other societies. （ A） perplexity （ B） imposition （ C） hazard （ D） upheaval 39 One of the most common techniques is to add alloying elements that inhibit the corrosion. （ A） repuls

27、e （ B） retain （ C） relieve （ D） restrain 40 The young man was greatly taken aback by the news that the police intended to prosecute him. （ A） astonished （ B） disturbed （ C） stumbled （ D） baffled 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on t

28、he behalf of students career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. Very few writers on the subject have explored this distinction-indeed.contradiction-which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers i

29、n the classroom. An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education,justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law. It is not simply to raise everyones job prospects that all children are legally required to attend

30、school into their teens. Rather,we have a certain conception of the American citizen,a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all chil

31、dren to attend school until a certain age. It was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education. With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries,we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated. Computer-education advocates forsake this

32、 optimistic notion for a pessimism that betrays their otherwise cheery outlook. Banking on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing com-puters into schools,computer-education advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over their educational achievement. The

33、re are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools introduce the concept of professional training early on in order to make sure children are properly equipped for the professions they want to join. It is,however,presumptuous to insist that th

34、ere will only be so many jobs for so many scientists,so many businessmen,so many accountants. Besides,this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corpo

35、rations. But,for a small group of students,professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills,all other factors being equal,can be the difference between having a job and not of course,the basics of using any computer these days are very simple. It does not take a lifelong acqu

36、aintance to pick up various software programs. If one wanted to become a computer engineer,that is,of course,an entirely different story. Basic computer skills take-at the very longest-a couple of months to learn. In any case,basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skills th

37、at are necessary to becoming any kind of professional. It should be observed,of course,that no school,vocational or not,is helped by a confusion over its purpose. 41 The author thinks the present rush to put computers in the classroom is_. （ A） far-reaching （ B） dubiously oriented （ C） self-contradi

38、ctory （ D） radically reformatory 42 The belief that education is indispensable to all children_. （ A） is indicative of a pessimism in disguise （ B） came into being along with the arrival of computers （ C） is deeply rooted in the minds of computer-education advocates （ D） originated from the optimist

39、ic attitude of industrialized countries 43 It could be inferred from the passage that in the authors country the European model of professional training is_. （ A） dependent upon the starting age of candidates （ B） worth trying in various social sections （ C） of little practical value （ D） attractive

40、 to every kind of professional 44 According to the author,basic computer skills should be_. （ A） included as an auxiliary course in school （ B） highlighted in acquisition of professional qualifications （ C） mastered through a lifelong course （ D） equally emphasized by any school,vocational or otherw

41、ise 45 Which kind of occupation is excluded by basic education? （ A） Scientists （ B） Businessman （ C） Accountant （ D） Engineer 45 Are you aware that you actually possess six senses? The sixth is a muscular sense responsible for directing your muscles intelligently to the exact extent necessary for e

42、ach action you perform. For example,when you reach for an object,the sensory nerves linking the muscles to the brain stop your muscles in relation to the object in your muscular sense in action. Muscles are stringy bundles of fibers varying from one five-thousandth of all inch to about three inches.

43、 They have three unique characteristics:they can become shorter and thicker;they can stretch to their original position. Under a high-powered microscope,muscle tissue is seen as long,slender cells with a grainy texture like wood. More than half of a persons body is composed of muscle fibers,most of

44、which involuntary in other words,work without conscious direction. The voluntary muscles,those that we move consciously to perform particular action,number more than five hundred. Women have only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as men for their body mass. That is why an average woman cant lift as mu

45、ch,throw as far,or hit as hard as an average man. 46 Intelligent use of the muscles means that_. （ A） one always knows what his muscles are doing （ B） one performs simple actions without working （ C） ones muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they perform （ D） one improves mu

46、scular action consciously 47 According to the selection,more than half of a persons body is composed of . （ A） voluntary muscles （ B） rriuscle fibers （ C） involuntary muscle （ D） sensory nerves 48 An average woman is weaker than an average man because she has_. （ A） only 60 to 70 percent as much mus

47、cle for her body mass （ B） more voluntary muscles than an average man （ C） 60 to 70 percent less muscle for her body mass （ D） less muscle fiber for her body weight 49 It is implied but not stated that_. （ A） the muscular sense is more important than any other sense （ B） muscular sense involves auto

48、matic perception （ C） there are many more than 500 involuntary muscles in the body （ D） muscle tissue is inflexible 50 According to the selection,the muscular sense is responsible for_. （ A） the efficiency of our muscle （ B） the normal breathing function （ C） the work of only our involuntary muscles

49、 （ D） directing our muscles intelligently 50 Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem,on a smaller scale,faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know and while banks may agree to provide short-term-finance,they are generally unwilling to provide money on permanent basis for long-terra project. So companies turn to the public,inviting people to lend them money