[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷357及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 357及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The Stock Market When a new company is organized and shares are sold, it is not hard to determine the val

3、ue of each share: all the shares together represent the total value of the company. . The best way to explain how the stock market works. To imagine you form a company to produce a soda with 4 friends: 1) putting in $600 together for the expenses involved in the【 1】 of 【 1】 _ the company; 2) stating

4、 every【 2】 represents $10 of the present value of the company;【 2】 _ 3) owning a share signifies-a part owner of the company. . Stock price increases when【 3】 is good and the value of the company 【 3】_ jumps. 1) the【 4】 $600 invested$1,800 in value at present 【 4】 _ 2) $10 per share originally 【 5】

5、each currently 【 5】 _ . Stock price falls when business is worse and the value of the company drops. 1)【 6】 of $1,800 a low point of $300 【 6】 _ 2) $30 per share $5 per share . How to buy stocks? 1) to find a【 7】 buying and selling stock for other people; 【 7】 _ 2) the stockbrokers entering a stock

6、market; 3) the stockbrokers inquirement of other brokers about your buying; 4) the stockbrokers【 8】 of the stock purchase; 【 8】 _ 5) to pay the bill the amount of purchase translated 1874) and Around the World in 80 Days (1873; translated 1874). （ D） Bright, entertaining adventure stories that celeb

7、rated the possibilities of technology. 24 According to the passage, how does the author think about Jules Verne? （ A） A stranger. （ B） A scientist whose job was to discover the future and cast new technology in a darker light. （ C） From the start, the father of science fiction was gravely concerned

8、with the dangers of technology. （ D） He was either a scientist or an engineer. 25 Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of Vernes novels? （ A） Singing high praise of science. （ B） A fine art in description of science. （ C） Having an optimistic tone. （ D） Well grounded in facts. 25

9、 Kidnappings around the world have typically had one of two major goals: publicity for a local political cause or as a form of “fund-raising“ for the kidnappers. Recently, kidnappings for political reasons have been on the decrease, whereas kidnapping for profit has seen a dramatic increase. A prime

10、 example of this trend is in Colombia. Colombia is considered to be the kidnapping capital of the world, with rival guerrilla and paramilitary groups consistently abducting civilians including businessmen, tourists and aid workers. The ransom money obtained from these activities is used primarily to

11、 finance a 37-year civil war in Colombia. The U.S. State Department estimates that more than 3,000 people are kidnapped in Colombia each year. Most kidnap victims are Colombians who are either wealthy or who can at least come up with a few thousand dollars. Although the kidnappings are most often pe

12、rformed by political dissidents, the motivation for the kidnappings is usually money, not politics. Colombia is not the only country to be plagued with this increase in kidnappings for profit. Ransom kidnappings are becoming more common in Mexico, Central America, Brazil, Chechnya, the Philippines,

13、Haiti, and many other developing countries throughout the world. Although many kidnappings are politically motivated, a growing number are simply fund-raising exercises by guerrillas or common criminals. For example, when a new rebel group, the Popular Revolutionary Army, surfaced in Mexico in 1996,

14、 experts concluded that the group financed itself through kidnappings carried out over the previous two years. One of the causes of the worldwide increase in kidnappings for profit is that billions of dollars in foreign investment has only marginally assisted the poor throughout the Third World. Thi

15、s has created a growing resentment of the elites who have hoarded much of the wealth. Therefore, often kidnappings for profit throughout the Third World are a backlash by the poor against the elites, in an attempt to even the score by obtaining some of their money. Moreover, there is an increasing r

16、isk of kidnapping for tourists and expatriate executives throughout the world. This is particularly so for Americans, who are perceived as rich even when they are not. Their substantial numbers-3.2 million living overseas and 50 million traveling internationally each year-have left Americans more at

17、 risk than citizens of other countries. In many countries, the kidnapping of business people, especially American executives and mid-level managers, as well as tourists has become a thriving business. For example, during the last several years, the FARC and ELN, two Colombian terrorist groups, have

18、extorted more than $632 million from foreign companies and individuals. In fact, the problem of kidnapping has become so bad internationally that several insurance and security companies are offering either international kidnapping insurance or, at least, detailed instructions on how to avoid a kidn

19、apping. This too has become a thriving business. According .to Fielding Worldwide, Inc., a typical KRE (Kidnap, Ransom and Extortion) insurance policy has a $1 million limit. An annual policy would cost between US$7,000 in Brazil or up to a maximum of US$26,000 in Colombia-this is an incredible cost

20、. Corporations usually buy blanket policies that cover all employees, but often business is intertwined with extended family from grandparents down to grandchildren. Therefore, often the entire family must be included in the policy to ensure maximum coverage. Since kidnappers are aware of these KRE

21、policies, the insurance policies have inadvertently created a way for them to make even more money than if they were to kidnap a typical man off the street. So, is it necessary to obtain one of these policies? Seitlin and newer technologies, such as “gene chips“, should produce even more data to be

22、stored and annotated for subsequent study. The result is a mind-boggling amount of information. A genetics laboratory can easily produce 100 gigabytes of data a day-that is about 20,000 times the volume of data in the complete works of Shakespeare or J. S. Bach. The analysis of such data poses probl

23、ems beyond mere volume control. Computer programs must analyze what constitutes a biologically meaningful relationship between a newly discovered sequence of DNA and existing sequences stored in a central database. Programming a computer for such tasks requires both extensive knowledge of computing

24、theory and a keen biological intuition. And theres the rub. The real problem about the growing quantification of biology is not the change in the subject but the lack of change in its practitioners. For a sudden in pouring of data is not unique to biology .Astronomers must now deal with squillions o

25、f bits of data from automatic sky surveys; particle physicists would not have the first idea of what was going on in their machines if the results of their experiments were not processed automatically. Yet neither of these fields seems to be suffering unduly from information overload because the phy

26、sical sciences are founded on number crunching. Many biologists, however, avoided the fields of astronomy or particle physics because they have, in the delicately chosen words of Sylvia Spengler of the Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics in California, “some problem with mathematics

27、.“ The result is that there is a desperate shortage of specialists capable of developing the tools that biologists need. What is required is genuinely new kind of scientist who is trained both in computer science and biology. It used to be said that the physicists got all the research money. Now, ho

28、wever, it is the biologists budgets that are growing. But there is a price. As biology becomes numerically rigorous, its practitioners have no choice but to do the same. 36 According to the author, what is the central problem facing biological researchers today? （ A） A shortage of research funds. （

29、B） A reluctance to acquire advanced mathematical skills. （ C） An insufficient knowledge of computer languages. （ D） An unwillingness to work cooperatively with mathematicians. 37 According to the passage, which of the following is a similarity between genetic code and computer code? （ A） The number

30、of elements used. （ B） The way the bases and bytes are grouped. （ C） The infinite number of possible sequences that can be produced. （ D） The way in which the codes are“ Written. 38 In Line 5 (Para. 2) “raw .material“ refers to _. （ A） unanalyzed data （ B） computer code （ C） mathematical equations （

31、 D） new hypotheses 39 What will “gene chips“ (Line 7, para. 2) do? （ A） Allow continual database searches. （ B） Speed up the sequencing of genetic code. （ C） Organize he presentation of genetic information. （ D） Reduce the amount of data to be processed. 40 The vast amount of data generated by genet

32、ics labs are a problem because researchers _. （ A） lack adequate funding for new equipment （ B） have no theoretical basis for dealing with this new information （ C） are reluctant to acknowledge the importance of the new data （ D） have not changed the way they work 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 M

33、IN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 41 _ forms the United Kingdom with Northern Ireland the northern part of Ireland. （ A） England （ B） The British Isles （ C） Great Britain （ D） Britain 42 Which part of the Island of Great

34、 Britain is the most populous part? （ A） Scotland. （ B） England. （ C） Wales. （ D） Ireland. 43 Of all the states of America, the State of _ is the largest one in area. （ A） Texas （ B） West Virginia （ C） Hawaii （ D） Alaska 44 Which river of the United States has been called “Father of Waters“ or “Old

35、Man River“ ? （ A） The Amazon River. （ B） The Missouri River. （ C） The Mississippi River. （ D） The Colorado River. 45 The English poet _ is best known for his works The Canterbury Tales. （ A） William Langland （ B） Geoffrey Chaucer （ C） John of Gaunt （ D） John Wycliffe 46 _ reveals the spiritual crisi

36、s of Post War Europe, and is considered as the manifesto of “The Lost Generation“. （ A） The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock （ B） The Waste Land （ C） Hollow Man （ D） Four Quartets 47 Among the following four American colonial writers, who was the writer of Poor Richards Almanac? （ A） Anne Bradstreet.

37、 （ B） Benjamin Franklin. （ C） Michael Wigglesworth. （ D） Edward Taylor. 48 Saussure distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as （ A） etic and emic. （ B） actual and potential. （ C） langue and parole. （ D） competence and perfor

38、mance. 49 The relationship between “animal“ and “horse“ is （ A） synonymy. （ B） polysemy. （ C） homonymy. （ D） hyponymy. 50 The example for dogs barking “bowwow“ explains the theory _ in which words are uttered like the sounds they describe. （ A） anonymous （ B） personification （ C） onomatopoeia （ D） s

39、ymbolic 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING the greener and more sour the young strawberry, the birds destroyed the seeds by eating berries before the seeds were ready. 【 M10】 _ 51 【 M1】 52 【 M2】 53 【 M3】 54 【 M4】 55 【 M5】 56 【 M6】 57 【 M7】 58 【 M8】 59 【 M9】 60 【 M10】 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Tr

40、anslate the following text into English. 61 推进产业结构优化升级，形成以高新技术产业为先导、基础产业和制造业为支撑、服务业全面发展 的产业格局。优先发展信息产业，在经济和社会领域广泛应用信息技术。积极发展对经济增长有突破 性重大带动作用的高新技术产业。用高新技术和先进适用技术改造传统产业，大力振兴装备制造业。 继续加强基础设施建设。加快发展现代服务业，提高第三产业在国民经济中的比重。正确处理发展高 新技术产业和传统产业、资金技术密集型产业和劳动密集 型产业、虚拟经济和实体经济的关系。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Dire

41、ctions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 62 It was by a private person, the late Mr. John Clifton, his giving a sample of the utility of lamps, by placing one at his door, that the people were first impressed with the idea of enlightening all the city. The honor of this public benefit has

42、also been ascribed to me, but it belongs truly to that gentleman. I did but follow his example, and have only some merit to claim respecting the form of our lamps, as differing from the globe lamps we were at first supplied with from london. Those we found inconvenient in these respeets: they admitt

43、ed no air below; the smoke, therefore, did not readily go out above, but circulated in the globe, lodged on its inside, and soon obstructed the light they were intended to afford; giving, besides, the daily trouble of wiping them clean; and an accidental stroke on one of them would demolish it, and

44、render it totally useless. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 63 Recently, there has been a hot debate about whether we Chinese people should bring back the traditional Chinese characters. We have been using those simplified Chinese

45、 characters since we learned to read and write. What do you think? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: Should We Bring Back the Traditional Chinese Characters? In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support

46、 your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 专业英语八级模拟试卷

47、 357答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the l

48、ecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 The Stock Market Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Today, I am going to talk about the Stock Market in an e

49、asy way. I dare to say most of you will understand it after listening. The best way to explain how the stock market works is to imagine that you get together with four of your friends and form a company to produce a soda with a new flavor, which you are going to sell in a pressurized can. You find that you need $600 for the expenses involved in starting the business. One of you c