[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷464及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 464及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Air Pollution Air pollution is typically caused by【 1】 _ran by the factories of modern industrial na- 【 1

3、】 _ tions, automobiles, trains, planes, and buses. Each year, plenty of wastes get into the air. It does great harm to people, 【 2】 _the eyes and chests. Many people become ill, and the 【 2】 _ death raw among elderly people and people with lung disorders climbs rapidly caused by a weather 【 3】 【 3】

4、_ _called a temperature【 4】 _. 【 4】 _ At least half of the pollutants in the air come from the engines of motor vehicles. As they burn fuel, they give off carbon monoxide as a waste, a colorless, odorless gas, and a deadly poison. Thisproblem can be solved by special devices designed to make the eng

5、ine burn the fuel more【 5】 _. 【 5】 _ Some manufacturers use electricity or other means that will reduce pollution. Coal and oil are also an important resource of waste. It is irritating to the【 6】 _. Sonic 【 6】 _ cities have passed laws that allow coal and oil to be burned only if their sulfur conte

6、nt is low. Thereis no air pollution of the ordinary kind. But the【 7】 _materials in these plants could present a 【 7】 _ danger in an accident. Also, there is a problem in disposing of the radioactive wastes in a way that will not endanger the environment. Another type of pollution, called heat pollu

7、tion, is caused by both the fuel-burning and【 8】 【 8】 _ _plants. It may also kill fish and their eggs, or【 9】 _with their growth. 【 9】_ Totally, physicists, many power plants and【 10】 _should work together to study new 【 10】_ ways of generating electricity. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】

8、7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the fol

9、lowing five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author among things that are inherited from ancestors? （ A） Complexion. （ B） Diseases. （ C） Adaptation ability. （ D） Intelligence. 12 People are likely to have a higher cholesterol level in winter b

10、ecause_. （ A） they tend to take in less vitamin D in that season （ B） they do less exercise and become weaker than usual （ C） they need to eat much more greasy food to keep warm （ D） they get less sun to convert cholesterol into vitamin D 13 Which of the following is TRUE about eye protection from s

11、unburn? （ A） We can drink celery juice to prevent our eyes from being tanned. （ B） We should wear sunglasses after 10-minute exposure to the sun. （ C） We can do without eyewear when we go out on a sunny day. （ D） We should put on sunglasses as soon as we go out in the sun. 14 Which of the following

12、is NOT the authors view? （ A） Asians are at a higher risk of alcoholism. （ B） Organic vegetables are not always safer. （ C） We may rust from absorbing too much iron. （ D） Moderate amount of sun exposure is good. 15 Whats the main content of the book Survival of the Sickest? （ A） It gives conventiona

13、l account for medicine. （ B） It introduces the dietary regime for the sick. （ C） It sees various medical issues in a new light. （ D） It offers tips on survival in the wilderness. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer

14、 the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Why are 14 teams of experts from the Federal Emergency Management Agency evaluating the damage? （ A） To find out the lost people and animals. （ B） To criticize the authoritys poor respo

15、nse. （ C） To assess the federal assistance needed. （ D） To make clear the investment in agriculture. 17 Hurricane Katrina in August of 2005 killed more than 1,800 people _. （ A） in Georgia （ B） in New York （ C） along the Nile （ D） along the Gulf Coast 17 The wave of job cuts sweeping through the uti

16、lity sector gathered pace yesterday with 800 more redundancies planned by two electricity groups joining forces in order to meet regulators price demands and improve efficiency. Trade unions expressed anger that the announcement by two foreign-owned utilities, London Electricity and Eastern Electric

17、ity, came during the period immediately before Christmas. They noted that it arrived on the back of nearly 1,300 other job losses in this sector since early October. Half of the 160,000jobs in the electricity sector have gone since privatization in 1988. More than 2,000 redundancies have also been a

18、nnounced recently by water companies, and more are expected from United Utilities as they, too, seek to meet tougher regulatory targets. Not everyone in the industry is convinced that the current spate of job cuts in the utility sector is justified. One leading industry executive, who wanted to rema

19、in anonymous, said: “I am very concerned that companies are using the regulators price cut as an excuse for carrying out general cuts that they have wanted to do for some time. It is causing disquiet among utilities customers.“ If regulatory approval is given London Electricitya unit of Electricite

20、de Franceand Eastern Electricity, controlled by American conglomerate Texas Utilities, will form a joint venture from April 1, 2000, which will run their respective electricity distribution businesses. The companies will continue to compete on the supply and billing side of their operations but hope

21、 the new alliance will be able to win third party business, whether in electricity or other sectors such as gas. The 800 job losses mean a quarter of the jobs affected by the joint venture will be lost within 18 months, and that the remaining positions will be dependant on the general level of busin

22、ess activity. The two companies plan to achieve cost savings through fewer workers, having a single information system, a smaller number of buildings and buying more in bulk. Phil Turbeville, chief executive of Texas Utilities TXS Europe subsidiary, said: “It is the responsible management response t

23、o the challenges of the tough price control while delivering further improvements in customer service. He added that customers would benefit because lower costs meant more money available for new investment, and denied that the decision could have been made at a better time or would have been differ

24、ent if it had not been a foreign owned group. “Whether we told staff just before Christmas or just after it would have been the same. There is no good time to make redundancies. As you can see from what Scottish-based utilities have been doing, this is nothing to do with Paris or Texas. It is just p

25、rudent management,“ Mr. Turbeville said. 18 The phrase “gathered pace“ in the first paragraph most probably refers to_. （ A） speeded up （ B） slowed down （ C） continued （ D） ended 19 From early October,about_people have lost their jobs in utility sector. （ A） 800 （ B） 160,000 （ C） 1300 （ D） 2100 20 W

26、hen the author says that the remaining positions will be dependent on the general level of business activity, he implies that_. （ A） the remaining employers should undertake business activities （ B） the remaining employers will work hard for the company （ C） the remaining employers may lose their jo

27、bs in the future （ D） the remaining employers may get high wages 21 Phil Turbeville held that_. （ A） the announcement time is appropriate （ B） the situation can be different without a foreign-owned group （ C） the situation can be different without regulator price demand （ D） the management of the co

28、mpany should be further improved 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 When William I died in Normandy in_he left England to his second son William. （ A） 1100 （ B） 1153 （ C） 1087 （ D） 11

29、35 23 The national bird of the United States is_. （ A） sparrow （ B） swallow （ C） eagle （ D） swan 24 Which of the following does NOT belong to the methods of the addition of new words? （ A） Acronyms. （ B） Back-formation. （ C） Functional shift （ D） Semantic shift. 25 _ is the central concern to Blakes

30、 concern in the Song of Innocence and Song of Experience. （ A） Childhood （ B） Woman （ C） Poetry （ D） Happiness 26 The English Renaissance period was an age of _. （ A） poetry and drama （ B） drama and novel （ C） novel and poetry （ D） romance and poetry 27 _ was the first great prose stylist of America

31、n Romantism, and among the first of the modems to write good history and biography as literary entertainment, （ A） Hemingway （ B） Whitman （ C） Irving （ D） Cooper 28 _ is written by R.B.Sheridan. （ A） Pamela （ B） The School for Scandal （ C） Tome Jones （ D） St. Patrichs Day 29 _ is written by Walt Whi

32、tman. （ A） Representative Men （ B） English Traits （ C） Nature （ D） Leaves of Grass 30 Nathaniel Hawthorne was most famous for his _. （ A） The Last of the Mohicans （ B） The Adventures of Tom Sawyer （ C） Moby Dick （ D） Scarlet Letter 31 Which of the following about bound morpheme is NOT true? （ A） Bou

33、nd morpheme can not occur unattached. （ B） Bound morphemes are never words. （ C） All the prefixes are bound morphemes. （ D） Bound morphemes sometimes can be used alone. 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING he was deep in reverie, dining with his own true love. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a comp

34、osition of about 400 words on the following topic. 44 At present it is hard for college graduates to find jobs. Many people claim that college teachers should give priority to practical courses like computer science and business over such traditional ones as history and geography. What do you think?

35、 Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have wr

36、itten to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 464答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture.

37、You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes

38、to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Air Pollution A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern industrial nations. Automobiles, trains, planes, and buses need energy, too. Nearly all of this energy is produced in the

39、same wayby burning fuels. The burning produces wastes. Some of the wastes get into the air, causing air pollution. Government officials in the United States estimate that 200, 000, 000 tons of these wastes enter the air each year1 ton for each person in the country! A curtain of smog often hangs ove

40、r big cities. It irritates the eyes and chests. The word “smog“ is a combination of the words “smoke“ and “fog“, but “smog“ itself is a mixture of many more ingredients. It begins with some of the pollution from burning: carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen and sulfur are among them. Some of the

41、pollutants react with one another to form new irritating substances. Energy is needed for the reactions, and it is supplied by the light of the sun. The resulting mixture is photochemical smog. (“Photo“ means light.) It can be deadly. In London, Tokyo, New York, and other cities, a weather condition

42、 called a temperature inversion allows smog to hang over the city for several days at a time. Many people become ill, and the death rate among elderly people and people with lung disorders climbs rapidly. At least half of the pollutants in the air come from the engines of motor vehicles. As they bur

43、n fuel, they give off carbon monoxide as a waste. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas, and a deadly poison. The amount of carbon monoxide that an engine gives off can be reduced by special devices designed to make the engine burn the fuel more efficienfiy. Automobile manufacturers are worki

44、ng on experimental cars run by electricity or other means that will reduce pollution. City governments in various parts of the world have begun to close certain streets to automobile traffic, hoping to lower pollution levels. Many city planners believe that cities, or at least their central areas sh

45、ould be kept free of automobiles. Motor vehicles are not the only air polluters. Coal and oil, used to heat homes and factories and to generate electricity, contain small amounts of sulfur. When the fuels are burned, sulfur dioxide, a poisonous gas, is produced. It is irritating to the lungs. Sonic

46、cities have passed laws that allow coal and oil to be burned only if their sulfur content is low. Most electricity is generated by steam turbines. About half of the sulfur ,dioxide in the air comes from burning fuel to make steam. Nuclear power plants do not burn fuel, so there is no air pollution o

47、f the ordinary kind. But the radioactive materials in these plants could present a danger in an accident. Also, there is a problem in disposing of the radioactive wastes in a way that will not endanger the environment. Another type of pollution, called thermal (heat) pollution, is caused by both the

48、 fuel-burning and nuclear plants. Both need huge amounts of cold waters which is warmed as it cools the steam. When it is returned to the river, the warm water may stimulate the growth of weeds. It may also kill fish and their eggs, or interfere with their growth. Physicists are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be tess damaging to the environmeni. In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluting material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do