[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷465及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 465及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Recycling The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum over the last decade, and the public has b

3、een influenced and become more aware of recycling. However, three essential keys are needed to power this movement. . The first step: raise public awareness about A. recycling process a creative act to【 1】 _the life and usefulness of the used B. kinds of materials that can be recycled plastic contai

4、ners, glass bottles, and newspapers C. ways on how to properly【 2】 _rubbish sort reusable materials from those that cant be recycled very easily establish a【 3】 _of collecting the sorted materials D.【 4】 _of the traditional waste disposal method expanding the rubbish dumps into agricultural land or

5、green belt land the【 5】 _in consumer waste burying rubbish in a vast deep pit lined with plastic chemicals used to speed breakdown of the rubbish returning the site【 6】 _rubbish in the ground to agricultural use . The second step: the development of technologyA. providesupport for companies involved

6、 in recycling【 7】 _ 1. tax incentives 2. low-cost【 8】 _ 3. grants to upgrade equipment and further researchB. a breakthroughthe new technology to help remove ink from paper, more energy efficient and environmentally safeC.【 9】 _of paper-recycling 1. the difficulty in removing print from paper 2. the

7、 amount of energy 3. caustic waste . The third step: expand the【 10】 _for recycled materials SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the i

8、nterview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Mr. Green would like to live in the west coast of Canada NOT because _. （ A） it is rich （ B） it has pleasant climate （ C） it has loads of coastline （ D） it is near America 12 Which o

9、f the following statements about traveling is TRUE according to Mr. Green? （ A） Traveling is only a time for him to have a rest. （ B） Traveling provides him with a lot of experience. （ C） He is free from responsibility when traveling. （ D） He changes a lot every time after traveling. 13 Why does Mr.

10、 Green often travel with other people he knows well? （ A） Because he will have someone to talk with during the trip. （ B） Because traveling alone is dangerous. （ C） Because the expense can be reduced in this way. （ D） Because they have many similarities. 14 Which of the following did NOT happen to M

11、r. Green when he was traveling? （ A） He slept in a prison in Germany. （ B） He was nearly killed in Devon. （ C） He managed to reach the center of the Middle East war. （ D） He took a train on which he was threatened by a murderer. 15 Mr. Green affords his traveling by all of the following EXCEPT _. （

12、A） working for his friends living in the place hes visiting （ B） singing and giving concerts during the trip （ C） living cheaply when traveling （ D） money from his main work SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the

13、questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 After Sonia Ghandi was elected as Prime Minister, _. （ A） the stock market suffered a dramatic fall （ B） economic reform would get a strong support （ C） a new government was formed on Tuesda

14、y （ D） state-owned companies would be privatized 17 Why will the Hindu Nationalist Party boycott Sonia Ghandis sworn-in ceremony? （ A） Because she is not a native Indian. （ B） Because she was horn in Italia. （ C） Because she is from an infamous family. （ D） Because she forces the Hindu Nationalist P

15、arty out of power. 17 The meanings of “science“ and “technology“ have changed significantly from one generation to another. More similarities than differences, however, can be found between the terms. Both science and technology imply a thinking process; both are concerned with causal relationships

16、in the material world, and both employ an experimental methodology that results in empirical demonstrations that can be verified by repetition. Science, at least in theory, is less concerned with the practicality of its results and more concerned with the development of general laws, but in practice

17、 science and technology are inextricably involved with each other. The varying interplay of the two can be observed in the historical development of such practitioners as chemists, engineers, physicists, astronomers, carpenters, potters, and many other specialists. Differing educational requirements

18、, social status, vocabulary, methodology, and types of rewards, as well as institutional objectives and professional goals, contribute to such distinctions as can be made between the activities of scientists and technologists; but throughout history the practitioners of “pure“ science have made many

19、 practical as well as theoretical contributions. Indeed, the concept that science provides the ideas for technological innovations and that pure research is therefore essential for any significant advancement in industrial civilization is essentially a myth. Most of the greatest changes in industria

20、l civilization cannot be traced to the laboratory. Fundamental tools and processes in the fields of mechanics, chemistry, astronomy, metallurgy, and hydraulics were developed before the laws governing their functions were discovered. The steam engine, for example, was commonplace before the science

21、of thermodynamics elucidated the physical principle underlying its operations. In recent years a sharp value distinction has grown up between science and technology. Advances in science have frequently had their bitter opponents, but today many people have come to fear technology much more than scie

22、nce. For these people, science may be perceived as a serene, objective source for understanding the eternal laws of nature, whereas the practical manifestations of technology in the modern world now seem to them to be out of control. Many historians of science argue not only that technology is an es

23、sential condition of advanced, industrial civilization but also that the rate of technological change has developed its own momentum in recent centuries. Innovations now seem to appear at a rate that increase geometrically, without respect to geographical limits or political systems. These innovatio

24、ns tend to transform traditional cultural systems, frequently with unexpected social consequences. Thus technology can be conceived as both a creative and a destructive process. 18 Science is, as the author argues, similar to technology in that _. （ A） it involves a long process of change （ B） it fo

25、cuses on the casual aspects of the material world （ C） it resorts to experiments as an exclusive method of research （ D） it is concerned about the theoretical development 19 Which of the following does the author NOT agree with? （ A） Scientific activities are deeply involved with those of technology

26、. （ B） Industrial civilization is largely based on the scientific progress. （ C） Science and technology move forward at a comparable speed. （ D） Either of science and technology is necessary for the advance of each other. 20 What does “the practical manifestations out of control“ (Para. 3) mean? （ A

27、） Technology is losing its traditional practicality. （ B） Technology is moving further away from science. （ C） Technological progress is benefiting the whole world. （ D） Technology is threatening the existence of human civilization. 21 The “historians“ as mentioned in the last paragraph regard the t

28、echnology with _. （ A） absolute enthusiasm （ B） total indifference （ C） obvious resentment （ D） reserved approval 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 Which of the following is NOT a ni

29、ckname of the United States? （ A） Uncle Sam. （ B） Big apple. （ C） Melting pot. （ D） A Nation on the Wheel. 23 The Purloined Letter is a detective story by （ A） Arthur Conan Doyle. （ B） Edgar Allan Poe. （ C） Washington Irving. （ D） James F. Cooper. 24 Which of following words does NOT contain the inf

30、lectional affix? （ A） Cares. （ B） Careful. （ C） Faster. （ D） Books. 25 _ is know as the “All Estates Parliament “. （ A） The Parliament of 1265 （ B） The Parliament of 1266 （ C） The Parliament of 1267 （ D） The Parliament of 1269 26 The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike conducted by

31、 Japanese Navy against US Navy in （ A） 1939. （ B） 1940. （ C） 1941 （ D） 1942 27 _is the center of British financing system. （ A） the Bank of England （ B） the Bank of Britain （ C） the Bank of the World （ D） Fiscal Bank 28 The college with the longest history in America is _. （ A） Yale （ B） Princeton （

32、 C） Harvard （ D） Columbia 29 Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation, first of all, lies in his use of _, poetry without a fixed regular rhyme scheme. （ A） blank verse （ B） free verse （ C） heroic couplet （ D） iambic pentameter 30 The term “Phatic Communion“ originates

33、 from _ study of the functions of language used on Trobriand Islands which refers to the social interaction of language. （ A） Malinowski （ B） David Crystal （ C） Nida （ D） Schiffman 31 The minimal phonological unit is _. （ A） phoneme （ B） morpheme （ C） root （ D） syllable 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING yet t

34、he great stumbling block to implementing the second stage of this plan could be held up by the corporate sectors inability to find commercial enterprises interested in using recycled goods especially when the cost exceeds those of virgin materials. OK, in todays lecture we looked at the environmenta

35、l issue basically concerning recycling. Recycling is a crucial link protecting our planet. The three keys mentioned above including a more informed public, the development of improved technology, and a greater demand for recycled materials are important ways to achieve this end. 1 【正确答案】 extend 【试题解

36、析】 细节题。这篇讲座主要介绍了环境保护中的一个关键问题，即废弃物的回收及重复利用。作者首先讲到要提高大众对回收过程的认知水平，文中提到： It is ultimately a creative act that involves thought and dedication to extend the life and usefulness of something once it has been used，由此我们得知废物的回收再利用是创造性的举措，旨在延 长物质的使用寿命和利用率，因此答案为 extend。 2 【正确答案】 dispose of/get rid of 【试题解析】 细

37、节题。文中提到： Then we will come to the ways on how to properly dispose of the rubbish. 即接下来要谈的是正确处理垃圾的方法，因此答案为 dispose of或者意义相近的词。 3 【正确答案】 system 【试题解析】 细节题。在谈到如何正确处理垃圾时，文中提到： Then, a system of collecting these sorted materials needs to be established. 也就是说，必须建立起一整套回收分类废弃物的机制，因此答案为 system。 4 【正确答案】 the

38、harm 【试题解析】 要点题。需要把握含有这一要点的主题句： What is the harm of the traditional waste disposal method? 这一主题句引导出下文关于填埋式传统垃圾处理方式的危害性，所以答案为 the harm(危害 )。 5 【正确答案】 increase 【试题解析】 细节题。作者讲到传统垃圾处理方式有多种弊端，其中提到：Waste disposal experts are certainly coming up with ingenious ways of dealing with the increase in consumer

39、waste that this century has seen, but ultimately we have to tackle the problem at the root: each and everyone of us. 6 【正确答案】 containing/with 【试题解析】 推断题。文中并未直接给出答案，但提到： The modern means of operation is to then return the site to some kind of agricultural use. The rubbish is always going to be in the

40、 ground.可见现代的操作方法就是把垃圾填埋地重新用于农业，显而易见这些所谓 的农业用地是埋有废弃物的，因此答案为 containing(含有 )或其他意义相近的词。 7 【正确答案】 governmental 【试题解析】 细节题。文中提到： Second， technological progress has been made on many fronts, but governmental agencies need to step up their support for companies involved in recycling. 政府部门需要支持从事废物回收再利用 的公司

41、，因此答案为 governmental。 8 【正确答案】 loans 【试题解析】 细节题。政府对从事废物重复利用公司的支持包括税收刺激，低息贷款等： by providing tax incentives, low-cost loans, or even grants to upgrade equipment and to encourage further research. 因此答案为 loans。 9 【正确答案】 costs 【试题解析】 要点题。根据文中提到： The difficulty in removing print from paper, the amount of e

42、nergy expended during the process, and caustic waste produced are costs that companies incur and then they are passed on to the consumer. 我们可知要点下所列三项均为纸类物品循环再利用的代价所在，因此答案为 costs。 10 【正确答案】 demand 【试题 解析】 要点题。讲座最后一个要点提到： The final key is to increase demand for the growing surplus of resources waiting

43、 to be recycled. 其中的关键词就是 demand(需求 )，如若没有对回收加工后重复使用商品的需求就很难发展recycling，因此答案为 demand(需求 )。 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the int

44、erview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 10 【听力原文】 (I - Interviewer; G - Mr. Green) I: How many different countries do you think youve been to, Mr. Green? G: Once I made a count of how many countries Id hitchhiked through and it

45、 came to twenty eight. So if you add on a few more for those where I havent hitched, I imagine it comes to about forty by now. I: About forty! And are there any of these that you feel you really would like to go back to? G: Two that I could actually live in I think. One would be the west coast of Ca

46、nada because I think that had everything to offer; It was rich culturally; it was very bright, it had a very pleasant climate, slightly improved on Britain. It had the Rocky Mountains behind, loads of coastline, urn, a lot going on both day and night, a large university, and it was just near America

47、 if you felt like crossing the border. The other place I liked, but more for a holiday, was Sardinia, which I found was one of the quietest, most unspoilt parts of Europe that Ive seen. I: What is about traveling that makes you want to keep doing it? G: I think its the one time when I feel completel

48、y alive every minute of the day. I also feel I have a tremendous amount of experience to bring back every time Ive traveled, theres so much to share with other people. I feel Ive get, sort of, two hundred per cent me to give once I come back. But when Im actually doing it, youre free from all the bo

49、unds of routine, youre free from the assumptions people make about you. Youre free from the inhibitions that cause you not to fully be yourself and enjoy yourself because of what people might think and so on. I: But it can also be a little bit dangerous at times too, cant it? G: It can certainly be dangerous if youre doing it alone. I avoid traveling alone wherever I can. I mostly go with people I know very well and this is part of the