[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷479及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 479及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 1 White neighborhoods are becoming darker in 【 1】 _ and more expensive. Analysts say that soaring house pri

3、ces and booming car sales are being fueled by an 【 2】 _ mobile black middle class emerging from the ashes of 【 3】 _. Blacks, who make up about 75 percent of South Africas 46.6 million people, are moving from the 【 4】 _ of the economy into the mainstream thanks to policies aimed at redressing decades

4、 of injustice. Statistics compiled by the independent Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) show that the black middle class has 【 5】 _ to 7.8 percent of the total population in 2000 from 3.3 percent in 1994. “The development of a black middle class was deliberately stunted under segregation and ap

5、artheid,“ said the HSRCs Roger Southall. Although official figures are not 【 6】 _, analysts say the black middle class is behind the retail sales boom and strong house price growth. Before 1994, blacks were 【 7】 _ by legislation from owning properties in suburbs exclusively reserved for whites and h

6、ad limited access to bank credit. But the face of the former white suburbs has changed as blacks 【 8】 _ move from the townships in search of security and better municipal services. Living in posh suburbs is seen by many as a status symbol. “The black middle class is 【 9】 _ strongly to the growth of

7、the property market and other sectors of the economy,“ says Jacques du Toit, an economist at banking group Absa. House prices rose by an 【 10】 _ of 30.3 percent in real terms in 2004, the highest since 1967, and business is also booming for auto traders, with a growing number of sales attributed to

8、black buyers. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the intervie

9、w you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What subject is Mr. Pitt good at? （ A） Art. （ B） French. （ C） German. （ D） Chemistry. 12 What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time? （ A） Doing a bit of acting and photography. （ B） Going

10、to concerts frequently. （ C） Playing traditional jazz and folk music. （ D） Travelling in Europe by hitch-hiking. 13 When asked what a managers role is, Mr. Pitt sounds_. （ A） confident （ B） hesitant （ C） resolute （ D） doubtful 14 What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be? （ A） An export salesman wo

11、rking overseas. （ B） An accountant working in the company. （ C） A production manager in a branch. （ D） A policy maker in the company. 15 Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE? （ A） Trainees are required to sign contracts initially. （ B） Trainees performance is

12、 evaluated when necessary. （ C） Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds. （ D） Trainees cannot quit the management scheme. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item,

13、you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） A ship sank on its way from Papua New Guinea to Australia. （ B） There were around 350 on board the ship. （ C） Rescues were carried out quickly after the accident. （ D） Strong winds may have

14、caused the accident. 16 Adam Smith, the Scottish professor of moral philosophy, was thrilled by his recognition of order in the economic system. His book, The Wealth of Nations (1776), is the germinal book in the field of economics which earned him the title, the father of economics. In Smiths view,

15、 a nations wealth was dependent upon production, not agriculture alone. How much it produced, he believed, depended upon how well it combined labour and the other factors of production. The more efficient the combination, the greater the output, and the greater the nations wealth. The essence of Smi

16、ths economic philosophy was his belief that an economy would work best if left to function on its own without government regulation. In those circumstances, self-interest would lead business firms to produce only those products that consumers wanted, and to produce them at the lowest possible cost.

17、They would do this, not as a means of benefiting society, but in an effort to outperform their competitors and gain the greatest profit. But all this self-interest would benefit society as a whole by providing it with more and better goods and services, at the lowest prices. Smith said in his book:

18、“Every individual endeavours to employ his capital so that its produce may be of greatest value. He generally neither intends to promote the public interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it. He intends only his own security, only his own gain. And he is in this led by an invisible hand to prom

19、ote that which was no part of his intention. By pursuing his own interest he frequently promotes that of society more effectually than when he really intends to promote.“ The “invisible hand“ was Smiths name for the economic forces that we today would call supply and demand, Smith agreed with the ph

20、ysiocrats and their policy of “laissez faire“, letting individuals and businesses function without interference from government regulation. In that way the “invisible hand“ would be free to guide the economy and maximize production. Smith was very critical of monopolies which restricted the competit

21、ion that he saw as vital for economic prosperity. He recognized that the virtues of the market mechanism are fully realized only when the checks and balances of perfect competition are present. Perfect competition refers to a market in which no firm or consumer is large enough to affect the market p

22、rice. The “invisible hand“ theory is about economies in which all the markets are perfectly competitive. In such circumstances, markets will produce an efficient allocation of resources, so that an economy is on its production-possibility frontier. When all industries are subject to the checks and b

23、alances of perfect competition, markets can produce an efficient bundle of products with the most efficient techniques and using the minimum amount of inputs. But when monopolies become pervasive, the remarkable efficiency properties of the invisible hand may be destroyed. 17 What is the essence of

24、Adam Smiths economic philosophy? （ A） Self-interest is irrelevant to economic growth. （ B） People are generally not interested in the public interest. （ C） Government shouldnt intervene in economy. （ D） Economic forces should be regulated to promote public interest. 18 What does the “invisible hand“

25、 refer to? （ A） Supply and demand. （ B） Laissez faire. （ C） Self-interest. （ D） Non-interference from the government. 19 In Smiths view, monopolies _. （ A） will lead to the maximization of production （ B） can hardly realize the checks and balances of competition （ C） may bring about high production

26、and low demand （ D） will not benefit society in the long run 20 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） An efficient allocation of resources is realized through perfect competition. （ B） Perfect competition can be realized where monopolies are absent. （ C） The “invisible hand“ checks and balances t

27、he economy. （ D） Adam Smith advocates the promotion of self-interest. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 21 The Church of England archbishops and bishops are appointed by （ A） the Monarc

28、h. （ B） the Prime Minister. （ C） Presbyterian. （ D） the House of Lords. 22 The two main parties in New Zealand are the National Party and （ A） the Conservative party. （ B） the Labor Party. （ C） the Democratic Party. （ D） the Communist Party. 23 Which of the following is the most famous political pam

29、phlet of Thomas Paine? （ A） Rights of Man. （ B） Common Sense. （ C） The Age of Reason. （ D） The American Crisis. 24 The distinction between free morpheme and bound morpheme is whether morphemes can be other morphemes. （ A） connected to （ B） independent of （ C） supplemented to （ D） reliable on 25 _ is

30、 the study of the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed. （ A） Morphology （ B） Phonology （ C） Phonetics （ D） Syntax 26 The first write in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature is_. （ A） Mark Twain （ B） Jack London. （ C） Sinclair Lewis （ D） Ernest Hemingway 27 Wha

31、t kind of function does the sentence “How do you do?“ have? （ A） Directive. （ B） Phatic （ C） Informative, （ D） Evocative. 28 It is in the year of _ that Columbus discovered the New World. （ A） 1592 （ B） 1492 （ C） 1591 （ D） 1491 29 The theme of Thanksgiving has always been _. （ A） friendship and happ

32、iness （ B） peace and plenty （ C） cooperation and rich reward （ D） love and happiness 30 The novel Oliver Twist was written by _. （ A） Jane Austen （ B） John Keats （ C） Charles Dickens （ D） George Eliot 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING and having dispatched his business on shore, endeavored to elude the popula

33、ce by taking a by-way to the beach; but a crowd collected in his train, pressing forward, to obtain a sight of his face; many were in tears, and many knelt down before him, and blessed him as he passed. England has had many heroes; but never one who entirely possessed the love of his fellow-countrym

34、en as Nelson. All men knew that his heart was as humane as it was fearless; that there was not in his nature the slightest alloy of selfishness or cupidity; but that, with perfect and entire devotion, he served his country with all his heart, and with all his soul, and with all his strength; and, th

35、erefore, they loved him as truly as and fervently as he loved England. They pressed upon the parapet, to gaze after him when his barge pushed off, and he was returning their cheers by waving his hat. The sentinels, who endeavored to prevent them from trespassing upon this ground, were wedged among t

36、he crowd; and an officer, who, not very prudently upon such an occasion, ordered them to drive the people down their bayonets, was compelled speedily to retreat; for the people would not be debarred from gazing, till the last moment, upon the hero the darling hero of England! 三、 PART VI WRITING (45

37、MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 43 1. What do you think of job-hopping? Is it disloyal to quit a job? Write an essay of about 400 words, commenting and ex- pressing your views on the following topic: PERSONAL PROGRESS AND JOB-HOPPING In the first part

38、of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar an

39、d appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 479答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on

40、 the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank

41、 sheet for note-taking. 1 【听力原文】 White neighborhoods are becoming darker in complexion and more expensive. Analysts say that soaring house prices and booming car sales are being fueled by an upwardly mobile black middle class emerging from the ashes of apartheid. Blacks, who make up about 75 percent

42、 of South Africas 46.6 million people, are moving from the periphery of the economy into the mainstream thanks to policies aimed at redressing decades of injustice. Statistics compiled by the independent Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) show that the black middle class has swelled to 7.8 perce

43、nt of the total population in 2000 from 3.3 percent in 1994. “The development of a black middle class was deliberately stunted under segregation and apartheid,“ said the HSRCs Roger Southall. Although official figures are not available, analysts say the black middle class is behind the retail sales

44、boom and strong house price growth. Before 1994, blacks were precluded by legislation from owning properties in suburbs exclusively reserved for whites and had limited access to bank credit. But the face of the former white suburbs has changed as blacks increasingly move from the townships in search

45、 of security and better municipal services. Living in posh suburbs is seen by many as a status symbol. “The black middle class is contributing strongly to the growth of the property market and other sectors of the economy,“ says Jacques du Toit, an economist at banking group Absa. House prices rose

46、by an average of 30.3 percent in real terms in 2004, the highest since 1967, and business is also booming for auto traders, with a growing number of sales attributed to black buyers. 1 【正确答案】 complexion 2 【正确答案】 upwardly 3 【正确答案】 apartheid 4 【正确答案】 periphery 5 【正确答案】 swelled 6 【正确答案】 available 7 【正确

47、答案】 precluded 8 【正确答案】 increasingly 9 【正确答案】 contributing 10 【正确答案】 average SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will

48、 be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 10 【听力原文】 Mr Williams: Good morning, Mr. Pitt. Do sit down. Mr Pitt: Thank you. Mr. W.: First of all, Mr. Pitt, Id like you to tell me a bit about what youve been doing. Mr. P.: Well, 1 left school afte

49、r Id done my A-levels. Mr. W.: Ah, yes, A-levels. What subjects did you take? Mr. P.: I took four subjects: French, German, chemistry and, uh, art. Chemistry wash t my cup of tea but art has always been. Mr. W.: Art? Mr. P.: Well, I really wanted to study Art. It didnt turn out like that because a friend of my fathers offered me a job -he s an accountant in London. A quite big firm, you know. Mr. W.: I see. A firm of accountants. Interesting! In your application, you s