[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷483及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 483及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to develop the willpower Just as someone puts it, willpower is a trait we re either born with or not.

3、 It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help up achieve our goals. The following are some ways on how to develop it: Be positive. 1) Willpower is most dynamic when applied to positive, uplifting【 1】 _. 【 1】_. 2) When encountering a tough job, we can depend a lot on positiv

4、e willpower in overcoming inertia and focus on【 2】 _. 【 2】 _. Make up your mind. In James Prochaska s opinion, there are four stages in making a change: 1) precontemplation: resisting the change, 2) contemplation: weighing【 3】 _. 【 3】 _. 3) action: exercising willpower to make the change, 4) and mai

5、ntenance: using willpower to【 4】 _ the change. 【 4】_. So, in order to focus and mobilize your efforts, we must set a deadline. 【 5】 _ your will. 【 5】 _. With the determination to become among the best form of the foul line, the basketball star, New Jersey Sen. Bill Bradley with the champion New York

6、 Knicks developed the highest【 6】 _ of successful free throws on his team. 【 6】_. Expect trouble. In the example of smoke, a lot of person had summoned the【 7】 _ to quit, 【 7】_. but couldnt remain disciplined. Be realistic. One should divide the objective into one-day segments, and then renew the re

7、solve the next day, or add failure may【 8】 _ the desire to try again. 【 8】_. Be patient A strong will doesnt develop overnight. It takes shape in increments, and there can be【 9】 _. 【 9】 _. Keep it up. Once you have the willpower to quit【 10】 _, you can gain confidence to 【 10】_. confront other chal

8、lenges. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you

9、will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is the most striking feature of Parkers books to the interviewer? （ A） They focus on the future of education. （ B） They mainly talk about education for all. （ C） They require participation o

10、f readers. （ D） They should be treated as one book. 12 What is Parkers objective according to the interview? （ A） To find ways to establish virtual education system and to provide education for all. （ B） To examine the changes in university in the past and in the future. （ C） To promote the effort t

11、o solve problems of hunger, health and so on through education. （ D） To explore a new way to engage public efforts in writing books via Internet. 13 What is Parkers attitude to university in the future? （ A） Virtual global education system will replace university in the future. （ B） University will

12、continue to play a key role in the future. （ C） Residential campus will be integrated into the virtual educational system. （ D） Universities should open their doors to every member in a society. 14 Which is NOT the feedback to his books that Parker gets? （ A） Parker has embarked on a too ambitious p

13、roject. （ B） His books failed to provide the latest information. （ C） He should pay more attention to modern technology. （ D） His books cannot satisfy people with different backgrounds. 15 Parker hopes that in the future his work can （ A） engage more people from different parts of the world. （ B） at

14、tract more attention from the educational experts. （ C） response better to the criticism he receives from the world. （ D） develop into resource base for solving educational problems. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then an

15、swer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How much would Canada spend each year on climate change in the 2020s according to the new analysis? （ A） More than 4 billion dollars. （ B） More than 5 billion dollars. （ C） More tha

16、n 40 billion dollars. （ D） More than 50 billion dollars. 17 Which of the following factors will NOT contribute to the rising cost of climate change in Canada? （ A） The economic growth of the country. （ B） The population growth of the country. （ C） Forest fires. （ D） Earthquakes. 17 Foxes and farmers

17、 have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox popul

18、ation. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special un

19、iform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people oppose

20、d to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal, has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation between hunters and hunt saboteurs. Sometimes these incidents lead to violence , but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and d

21、isturbing the trail of the foxs smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A La

22、bour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Poster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain. 18 Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxe

23、s_. （ A） for recreation （ B） in the interests of the farmers （ C） to limit the fox population （ D） to show off their wealth 19 What is special about fox hunting in Britain? （ A） It involves the use of a deadly poison. （ B） It is a costly event which rarely occurs. （ C） The hunters have set rules to

24、follow. （ D） The hunters have to go through strict training. 20 Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game_. （ A） by resorting to violence （ B） by confusing the fox hunters （ C） by taking legal action （ D） by demonstrating on the scene 21 A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to_.

25、 （ A） prohibit farmers from hunting foxes （ B） forbid hunting foxes with dogs （ C） stop hunting wild animals in the countryside （ D） prevent large-scale fox hunting 22 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） killing foxes with poison is illegal （ B） limiting the fox population is unnecessary

26、 （ C） hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent （ D） fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 23 _, which c

27、elebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, is the biggest holiday in the United States. （ A） Christmas Day （ B） New Years Day （ C） Valentines Day （ D） Easter Sunday 24 The design features of language may be all the following EXCEPT （ A） arbitrariness. （ B） duality. （ C） creativity. （ D） replacement. 25 A

28、representative of the Contextualism was_, the leading British linguist of the period. He held the view that “We shall know a word by the company it keeps“. （ A） Ogden and Richards （ B） J. R. Firth （ C） Bloomfield （ D） Leech 26 Washington.D.Cis named_. （ A） after the U.S. President George Washington

29、（ B） after Christopher Columbus （ C） after both George Washington and Christopher Columbus （ D） after neither of them 27 New England is in the _ of the United States. （ A） northwest （ B） southeast （ C） southwest （ D） northeast 28 The so-called “Glorious Revolution“ of 1688 took place in_. （ A） Franc

30、e （ B） America （ C） England （ D） Japan 29 The novel _ by Samuel Richardson is considered the first English psycho-analytical novel. （ A） Pamela （ B） Robinson Crusoe （ C） Jonathan Wild （ D） Amelia 30 _can be defined as the study of how speakers use the sentences of the language to affect successful c

31、ommunication. （ A） Semantics （ B） Pragmatics （ C） Applied linguistics （ D） Sociolinguistics 31 Numerous British political leaders take pride in their being graduates of _. （ A） Cambridge University （ B） the University of London （ C） Oxford University （ D） the University of Westminster 32 Hemingway w

32、as badly wounded in Italy and sent to a hospital where he fell in love with a nurse. These two persons later became the characters of his novel_. （ A） The Old Man and the Sea （ B） For Whom the Bell Tolls （ C） The Sun Also Rises （ D） A Farewell to Arms 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING to enable the proper fun

33、ctioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children in order to main

34、tain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a

35、threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very_ institution of the family itself. To many peoplc, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family they need children to enrich the circle, to validate its family character,

36、to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but thc family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most people, such a home

37、 base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 45 With the fast development of China, more and more citizens have bought cars. That means the

38、number of cars running on the roads of China is increasing. This also brings a serious problem:air pollution. You are asked to write a composition of more than 400 words to express your ideas about the relation between the car and air pollution. In the first part of your writing you should present y

39、our thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural Conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow

40、 the above instructions may result in loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 483答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes

41、will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 H

42、ow to develop the willpower Hello everyone, today I will give a lecture on how to develop the willpower. We are always admire a person with a strong willpower, but willpower isnt some immutable trait we re either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to hel

43、p up achieve our goals. “Fundamental among man s inner powers is the tremendous unrealized potency of man s own will,“ wrote Italian psychologist Roberto Assagioli 25 years ago. “The trained will is a masterful weapon,“ added Alan Marlatt of the University of Washington, a psychologist who is studyi

44、ng how willpower helps people break habits and change their lives. “The dictionary defines willpower as control of one s impulses and actions. The key words are power and control. The power is there, but you have to control it.“ Here, from Marlatt and other experts, is how to do that: Be positive. D

45、on t confuse willpower with self-denial. Willpower is most dynamic when applied to positive, uplifting purposes. Positive willpower helps us overcome inertia anti focus on the future. When the going gets tough, visualize yourself happily and busily engaged in your goal, and you ll keep working towar

46、d it. Make up your mind. James Prochaska, professor of psychology at the University of Rhode Island, has identified four stages in making a change. He calls them precontemplation (resisting the change), contemplation (weighing the pros and cons of the change), action (exercising willpower to make th

47、e change), and maintenance (using willpower to sustain the change). Some people are “chronic contemplators“. Prochaska says. They know they should reduce their drinking but will have one more cocktail while they consider the matter. They may never put contemplation into action. To focus and mobilize

48、 your efforts, set a deadline. Sharpen your will, In 1915, psychologist Boyd Barrett suggested a list of repetitive will-training activities- step ping up and down from a chair 30 times, spilling a box of matches and carefully replacing them one by one. These exercises, he maintained, strengthen the will so it can confront more consequential and difficult challenges. New Jersey Sen. Bill Bradley was a basketball star with the champion New York Knicks. On top of regular practice, he always went to the gym early and practiced foul shots alone. He was determine