[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷503及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 503 及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture

2、. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Body Systems A body system refers to a group of organs, which are parts of the body that do a special jo

3、b, such as the heart, lungs and kidneys. Ten major body systems in the human body: 1) the skeletal system, which includes the bones and the【 1】 _ 【 1】_ tissues. 2) the muscle system, which plays the role of moving the body, pushing the food through the body and making the blood【 2】 _ 【 2】 _ 3) the n

4、ervous system which is made up of the brain, the spinal 【 3】 _and the nerves. 【 3】 _ 4) the【 4】 _system which comprises of the stomach and the 【 4】_ intestines and【 5】 _food to provide energy for the body. 【 5】 _ 5) the respiratory system which consists of the windpipe and 【 6】 _and takes air into t

5、he body. 【 6】 _ 6) the circulatory system which includes the blood, the heart, and all the blood【 7】 _. 【 7】 _ 7) the【 8】 _system made up of the kidneys and bladder. 【 8】 _ 8) the lymphatic system. 9) the endocrine system composed of special【 9】 _which give 【 9】_ out hormones. 10) the【 10】 _system c

6、onsisting of organs involved in making 【 10】_ new human beings. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are

7、 based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the officer, a student from other countries have to _before he can use the National Health Service in Britain. （ A） register w

8、ith a university （ B） pay the full cost in advance （ C） study in Britain at least 6 months （ D） be registered on at least 6 courses 12 If one is entitled to treatment from the National Health Service, he is advised to _ first of all? （ A） register a course of half a year. （ B） register at any hospit

9、al. （ C） register with a doctor. （ D） register with the local city council: 13 Which of the following is true of the patient who has registered for the National Health Service according to the officer? （ A） He will have to pay the cost of medicines. （ B） He will have to pay for the consultations wit

10、h doctors. （ C） He will have to pay the full cost of all their treatments. （ D） He will have to consult with a doctors receptionist before treatment. 14 The following is free EXCEPT _. （ A） dental treatment （ B） casualty treatment （ C） emergency treatment （ D） all the treatment at a public hospital

11、15 If one wants to see a doctor in UK, he has to do the following EXCEPT _. （ A） calling out a doctor to see him （ B） finding out a doctors consulting hours （ C） finding out whether he needs to make an appointment with the doctor （ D） contacting a doctor to find out whether he would accept him SECTI

12、ON C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The investigation was dangerous because _. （ A） the mine was badly da

13、maged （ B） the ventilation system was broken （ C） the mine was too deep （ D） the safety facility was destroyed 16 When the Dow rockets 300 points or the stocks of retailers, say, get decimated, I devour the news. Heres my admission: Im a buy-and-hold investor, and a lazy one at that. My employer pro

14、hibits us news folks to trade equities on a short-term basis, but even if it didnt, Id still buy and hold. The bulk of my portfolio is in two retirement accounts, and neither stock-market gyrations nor major financial earthquakes prompt me to tweak my allocations. I simply hold a fairly routine mix

15、of low-cost U.S. and international-stock mutual funds, plus a bond fund, and I stick to it. Sure, the markets get volatile but I figure that, eventually, average historical returns will work in my favor. And, to my mind, stock-market trading, if youre not spending many hours a week working on it, is

16、 little more than a guessing game. The fact is, a buy-and-hold investor with a decently diversified portfolio should celebrate her ability to remain firm in the face of financial-news tidal waves which prompt many, less staunch, to jump in and out of investments, often at the worst possible time. So

17、me might say the staunch investor is akin to a passenger on the Titanic, refusing a lifeboat to safety due to misguided loyalty to the idea of “buy and hold.“ But as long as three prerequisites are satisfied, that investor is among the most prudent savers around: a well-diver- sifted investment plan

18、, invested in low-cost index funds, with a long-term outlook. In fact, if youre not going to be an active, pay-attention-every-day investor, setting up a simple plan and then forgetting about it may be the best retirement-savings decision you make. “What is often problematic is the middle ground. Pe

19、ople will set something up and then follow it intermittently and on a whim make changes,“ says John Nofsinger, associate professor of finance at Washington State University and author of“ The Psychology of Investing.“ Those who follow the markets tangentially but dont take time for deeper analysis t

20、end to buy high and sell low. If, like me, youre not going to spend time daily on your plan, then set it and forget it. Note that, unless you have a rock-solid pension plan from your employer and significant other assets, youre going to need to invest. Interest rates on cash simply wont get most sav

21、ers to a well-funded retirement. What to do? 1. Create a plan. That means investing in low-cost index funds covering the U.S. stock market, perhaps 10% to 25% of your portfolio in international stock funds, plus exposure to bonds (a typical scenario is 70% or 80% in stocks and 30% or 20% in bonds),

22、and perhaps some portion in a money-market or cash-type account. Keep in mind that your focus is not to beat the market. 2. Once your plan is in place, ignore it. “I do virtually nothing. I do less than I do for my car. Theres not even a need to change the oil,“ Mr. Statman says. If rebalancing worr

23、ies you, dont even do that except perhaps once every few years. And make sure you focus on getting back to your investment plan, rather than chasing the winners of the moment. “ff the stock market went up that year and maybe bonds didnt, so you take a little out of the stock market and put it in bon

24、ds to reallocate to where your targets originally were, I think thats a good strategy,“ Mr. Nofsinger says. 3. Accept risk. Yes, stock-market investing is risky. But over the long haul, investors are rewardedif they adopt a long-term outlook and diversified investment plan. “Risk is not something yo

25、u want, but oftentimes risk does go hand in hand with return,“ says Peng Chen, chief investment officer of Ibbotson Associates, an investment research and consulting firm owned by Momingstar in Chicago. Keep in mind: Avoid this risk with money you need soon, say, in the next year or two. And remembe

26、r that the more you invest in one company, sector or country, the more risk youre taking on. 4. Stay in for the long haul. We have no idea whats coming tomorrow, and past stock-market performance does not predict future results. But what is your alternative? Stick all your cash in a money-market acc

27、ount, a CD or, slightly riskier, bonds? You are not avoiding risk with this plan, simply shifting to the risk inflation will trump your return. 5. Do what you can. The investment options available through your retirement plan may not be ideal. Invest there for the employer match, but ensure diversif

28、ication through an account outside your employer plan, perhaps an individual retirement account or Roth IRA. 17 Why does the author choose to be “a buy-and-hold investor“? （ A） Because his employer prohibits him to trade equities on a short-term basis. （ B） Because he believes that long-term return

29、will balance out short-term fluctuation. （ C） Because he is misguided by the loyalty to the idea of “buy and hold.“ （ D） Because he is an active investor and keeps an eye on stock markets every day. 18 The word “volatile“ in the third paragraph means （ A） explosive. （ B） transient. （ C） unstable. （

30、D） lively. 19 When the author mentions the Titanic analogy, （ A） he is in favor of it. （ B） his view is balanced. （ C） he is slightly critical of it. （ D） he is strongly critical of it. 20 Which of the following is NOT one of the authors suggestions on investment? （ A） Create a reasonable investment

31、 plan with a decently diversified portfolio. （ B） Forget about the investment plan completely, once it is in place. （ C） Remember that risk comes with return in stock-market investment. （ D） Stay in the investment market with a long-term vision. 21 This passage mainly focuses on （ A） a well-diversif

32、ied investment plan. （ B） investing in low-cost index funds. （ C） a long-term investment outlook. （ D） accepting risk in stock markets. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 22 The city of

33、Montreal on the St. Lawrence River is the chief port and the _ city in Canada. （ A） largest （ B） second largest （ C） third largest （ D） fourth largest 23 The representatives of the Enlightenment in English literature are the following writers EXCEPT （ A） Joseph Addison. （ B） Richard Steele. （ C） Wil

34、liam Blake. （ D） Alexander Pope. 24 Which one of the following Ivy League Schools is situated in Connecticut? （ A） Yale University. （ B） Harvard. （ C） Princeton. （ D） Columbia. 25 What is the name of the dictionary compiled by Samuel Johnson? （ A） First English Dictionary. （ B） Dictionary of English

35、 Language. （ C） A Dictionary of the English Language. （ D） Dictionary of the English Language. 26 Which one of the following statements is true of William Faulkner? （ A） He is famous for his inconsequential poetry. （ B） He won Nobel Prize in 1949. （ C） He often depicts slum life in New York and Chic

36、ago. （ D） He represents a new group of Northern writers. 27 The English Renaissance period was an age of _. （ A） poetry and drama. （ B） drama and novel. （ C） novel and poetry. （ D） romance and poetry. 28 The background of _, a novel by Charles Dickens, is set in the French Revolution. （ A） Oliver Tw

37、ist （ B） A Tale of Two Cities （ C） David Copperfield （ D） Great Expectations 29 _refers to words whose several meanings are related to one another. For example the verb “open“ may mean unfold, expand, reveal, etc. （ A） Synonymy （ B） Antonymy （ C） Hyponymy （ D） Polysemy 30 Which of the following word

38、s contains one bound morpheme? （ A） Disappearance. （ B） Untouchable. （ C） Desirablity. （ D） Physician. 31 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper? （ A） The telegraph. （ B） The Guardian. （ C） The News of the World. （ D） The Times. 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING able和 -ity两个粘着词素。 untouch

39、able含也 un-和 -able两个粘着词素。 31 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 The Times(泰晤士报 )是英国历史最悠久、影响面最大的全国性日报。 1785年创刊，被大英百科全书誉为 “世界第一报 纸 ”。 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each c

40、ase, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and

41、 write t 32 【正 确答案】 for改成 as/because 【试题解析】 but for意为 “倘使，假如 ”，用在此处显然文意不通，从上下文判断，此处应为表示原因的连词， but为转折，句意为： “但是由于世俗世界中开始出现和散布新形式的圣书，手抄本已跟不上需求 ”。 for引导原因从句时，是不可以放在句首的，故将 for改为 as或是 because。 33 【正确答案】 the改成 with 【试题解析】 “手抄本跟不上需求 ”应为 keep up with(赶上，跟上 )，而 keep up意为 “继续，坚持 ”等，作 “跟上 ”解时 ，为不及物动词，不能直接接 the

42、demand 作宾语。 34 【正确答案】 foresees改成 foresaw 【试题解析】 本题所在处句子介绍发明打印机的背景，与下一句中的 he developed his press 都是发生在过去的事情，因此应为过去时态，这里的 foresaw与后面的 borrowed 为并列谓语。 35 【正确答案】 that改成 what 【试题解析】 本题所在部分作 develop 的宾语从句，其中代词在该从句中作know的宾语。 that只能在宾语从句成分完整的情况下引导从 句，而充当宾语从句中主语或宾语的应为代词 what，这里意为 “我们现在所知道的现代印刷机 ”。 36 【正确答案】

43、existed改成 existing 【试题解析】 此处 technologies 前为分词作定语， exist为不及物动词，不能用过去分词表示被动。因为是指当时存在的技术，故使用现在分词 existing作定语，意为 “现有技术 ”。 37 【正确答案】 therefore改成 however 【试题解析】 上一句指出 “他将纺织、造纸、榨葡萄汁的现有技术特点组合起来，发展了印刷术 ”。本句意为 “也许，他最有意义的发明是活动金属块的成型和铸造技术 ”，两句之间无因果关系，应为转折关系。 38 【正确答案】 Despite of改成去掉 of 【试题解析】 despite后面直接跟名词，例如

44、： Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday而 in spite必须加 of 来接宾语。 39 【正确答案】 publicly改成 public 【试题解析】 此句换作主动语态则为 made his techniques publicly，副词用来修饰动词 、形容词或句子，作状语；从结构来看，句中 publicly 处在宾补的位置上，而 make后面应为形容词作宾补，例如： She will make him happy故此处应用形容词 public。 40 【正确答案】 unpopular改成 popular 【试题解析】 本句意为： Ca

45、xto是一个多产的翻译家，他发现印刷术非常棒，能够帮助他完成推广流行文学作品的使命 。如果文学作品不是大众 (popular)文化，不受欢迎，就谈不上推广，故将 unpopular改为 popular。 41 【正确答案】 transform改成 transformation 【试题解析】 此处要求用名词作非谓语动词 creating的宾语， transform是动词，需要改为对应的名词。此句意为：如今，印刷术被视为通讯领域重要变革的一个指示标，能够带来社会和学术方面的变化。 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the foll

46、owing text into English. 42 【正确答案】 As one of the oldest birthplace of human civilizations, China has one of the most ancient civilizations in the world. With the invention and use of written characters and bronze wares in China, the first rays of ancient civilization cast onto the ancient Chinese la

47、nd. Such inventions as papermaking, gunpowder, printing and the compass are outstanding contributions of the Chinese nation to the world civilization. The philosophies of great thinkers like Confucius and Laozi over 2,000 years ago, enriched and further developed by later philosophers, have exerted

48、a great influence in China and the rest of the world. Ideas advocated by ancient Chinese philosophers, the wise and able, such as “all men under heaven are brother“, “harmony is the most precious“ and “the ocean accommodates all rivers on earth“ remain highly influential in the exchange and integration among the Chinese civilization and other civilizations. For several thousand years, the people of all ethnic groups in China have been fostering and constantly enriching their own civilizations. With its resplendent cultures, arts and scientific and technological achievements, the C