[外语类试卷]专业英语八级模拟试卷621及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 621及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.

2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 The human body is suitably described as “a highly complex self- genera- tor“ because if it is given the r

3、ight fuel, it is capable of both curing and 【 1】 【 1】_ _off diseases, our body can be compared to a matching, if it is not prop- erly looked after, it will become 【 2】 _ , sluggish, or clogged and parts of 【 2】_ the mechanism will not be kept in good working order. In order to function expertly, our

4、 body needs carbohydrates, protein, fat, 【 3】 _ and minerals, coupled with regular exercise. But an excessive in- 【 3】_ take of carbohydrates should be avoided because they will mostly 【 4】 _to 【 4】_ fat. Protein is important for tissue building. The recommended minimum a- mount the average person n

5、eeds is 【 5】 _ grams a day, an excess or a defi-【 5】_ ciency of which is not advisable as it is indispensable to human growth. Animal fats, good sources of energy, are sometimes likely to cause increased cholesterol levels in the 【 6】 _ so people suffering from heart com- 【 6】_ plaints should avoid

6、eating them. Vitamins are also regarded as essential requirements for health. Deficiency 【 7】_ of vitamins, whether A or C, will reduce our bodys resistance to 【 7】 _ Calcium, iron and iodine are the important minerals we need. Milk, liver, lentils and dates are rich in minerals. Natural foods are a

7、lways best. Dont rely on too much on “【 8】 【 8】 _ foods“, appetizing and labouring- saving as they are, because the preserva- tives, artificial colouring and additives in the 【 9】 _ foods we buy will do 【 9】_ us harm. Besides the factors of climate, age and occupation, in order to achieve a balanced

8、 diet, we must also consider the following four points: 【 10】 【 10】_ environment, employment and emotional stress. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then ans

9、wer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What is Steven Slater? （ A） A cyclist. （ B） A coach on cycling. （ C） An expert on touris

10、m. （ D） A tourist. 12 Which of the following is essential for all cycling tours? （ A） A helmet. （ B） Lamps. （ C） Sun cream. （ D） Insect repellent. 13 Why should cyclists wear something that can easily be seen? （ A） To attract the motorists. （ B） To stand out. （ C） To ensure safety. （ D） To enjoy the

11、 scenery better. 14 According to Steven, cyclists should prepare all the following EXCEPT _while cycling in hot weather. （ A） water （ B） sun cream （ C） insect repellent （ D） cycling capes 15 How should cyclists prepare for the worst? （ A） They should always carry enough money in case of difficulty.

12、（ B） They should carry a spare set of batteries for bicycle lamps. （ C） They should never ride on their own. （ D） They should keep a puncture repair kit and a basic tool kit at hand. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then an

13、swer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is the reason for the sharp rise in death according to EU? （ A） Many diseases are transferred from animals to humans. （ B） There is no effective medicine for new kinds of bacte

14、ria yet. （ C） Bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotic. （ D） Food contamination has become more and more serious. 16 How to live to 100 A growing body of research suggests that chronic illness is not an inevitable consequence of aging, but more often the result of lifestyle choices. “People use

15、d to say, who would want to be 100?“ says Dr. Thomas Perls, an instructor at Harvard Medical School and director of the New England Centenarian Study. “Now theyre realizing its an opportunity.“ High-tech medicine isnt likely to change the outlook dramatically; drugs and surgery can do only so much t

16、o sustain a body once it starts to fail. But there is no question we can lengthen our lives while shortening our deaths. The tools already exist, and theyre within virtually everyones reach. Life expectancy in the United States has nearly doubled since a century ago from 47 years to 76 years. And th

17、ough centenarians are still rare, they now constitute the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population. Their ranks have increased 16-fold over the past six decades from 3,700 in 1940 to roughly 61,000 today. The Census Bureau projects that 1 in 9 baby boomers (9 million of the 80 million people b

18、orn between 1946 and 1964) will survive into their late 90s, and that 1 in 26 (or 3 million) will reach 100. “A century ago, the odds of living that long were about one in 500,“ says Lynn Adler, founder of the National Centenarian Awareness Project and the author of “Centenarians: The Bonus Years.“

19、“Thats how, far weve come.“ If decrepitude were an inevitable part of aging, these burgeoning numbers would spell trouble. But the evidence suggests that Americans are living better, as well as longer. The disability rate among people older than 65 has fallen steadily since the early 1980s, accordin

20、g to Duke University demographer Kenneth Manton, and a shrinking percentage of seniors are plagued by hypertension, arteriosclerosis and dementia. Moreover, researchers have found that the oldest of the old often enjoy better health than people in their 70s. The 79 centenarians in Perlss New England

21、 study have all lived independently through their early 90s, taking an average of just one medication. And when the time comes for these hearty souls to die, they dont linger. In a 1995 study, James Lubitz of the Health Care Financing Administration calculated that medical expenditures for the last

22、two years of life statistically the most expensive average 22,600 for people who die at 70, but just $ 8,300 for those who make it past 100. These insights have spawned a revolution in the science of aging. “Until recently, there was so much preoccupation with diseases that little work was done on t

23、he characteristics that permit people to do well,“ says Dr. John Rowe, the New York geriatrician who heads the MacArthur Foundations Research Network on Successful Aging. Research confirms the old saying that it pays to choose your parents well. But the way we age depends less on who we are than on

24、how we live what we eat, how much we exercise and how we employ our minds. 17 The author seems to suggest that _. （ A） the aged should not go to the nursing home （ B） we can lengthen our lives through high-tech medicine （ C） centenarians die faster than those who are younger （ D） the ever-growing Se

25、gment of centenarians has caused concern 18 People past 100 can be described as all of the following EXCEPT that _. （ A） many of them had lived independently until their early 90s （ B） they enjoy better health than people in their 70s （ C） their longevity could be attributed to heredity （ D） their m

26、edical expenditures are surprisingly low 19 A century ago, how many lived to, or past 100, within a population of 5 million? （ A） 5,000,000. （ B） 10,000. （ C） 50,000. （ D） 1,000. 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the be

27、st answer to each question. 20 British English is spoken in （ A） Great Britain. （ B） Australia. （ C） New Zealand. （ D） A, B, and C 21 The United Kingdom does not share border with any other country EXCEPT_. （ A） France （ B） The Republic of Ireland （ C） Germany （ D） Iceland 22 During the reign of_, W

28、ales was brought under English rule. （ A） Henry III （ B） Edward I （ C） Edward II （ D） Edward III 23 In his inaugural speech, _said that “ the only thing we have to fear is fear itself“. （ A） Woodrow Wilson （ B） Franklin D. Roosevelt （ C） Hurry Truman （ D） Benjamin Franklin 24 The Red Badge of Courag

29、e was written by_. （ A） Stephen Crane （ B） Frank Norris （ C） Theodore Dreiser （ D） Jack London 25 The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _. （ A） synecdoche （ B） metonymy （ C） substitution （ D） metaphor 26 The _ colonies, which settled along the east coast,

30、issued the Declaration of Independence in _. （ A） 131776 （ B） 141774 （ C） 131775 （ D） 141776 27 _ is the largest river in America. （ A） The New York River （ B） The Mississippi River （ C） The Ohio River （ D） The Colorado River 28 “Words are names or labels for things.“ This view is called _in semanti

31、c sense. （ A） mentalism （ B） conceptual theory （ C） naming theory （ D） contextual theory 29 Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte? （ A） Oliver Twist （ B） Middlemarch （ C） Jane Eyre （ D） Wuthering Heights 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread th

32、e given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank p

33、rovided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 30 When you open the window in the night, you may see a shade of moonlight in the garden. SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 31 自从

34、我们搬到郊外以来，天气渐渐清凉了。那短篱边牵延着毛豆叶子，已露出枯黄的颜色来，白色的小野菊，一丛丛由草堆里钻出头来，还有小朵的黄花在 凉劲的秋风中抖颤，这一些景象，最容易勾起人们的秋思，况且身在异国呢！低声吟着帘卷西风，人比黄花瘦，这个小小的灵宫，是弥漫了怅惘的情绪。 书房里格外显得清寂，那窗外蔚蓝如碧海似的青天，和淡金色的阳光。还有挟着桂花香的阵风，都含了极强烈的，挑拨人类心弦的力量，在这种刺激之下，我们不能继续那死板的读书工作了，在那一天午饭后，波便提议到附近吉祥寺去看秋景，三点多钟我们乘了市外电车前去， 这路程太近了，我们的身体刚刚坐稳便到了。 SECTION B ENGLISH TO

35、CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 32 In a calm sea every man is a pilot. But all sunshine without shade, all pleasure without pain, is not life at all. Take the lot of the happiest it is a tangled yam. Bereavements and blessings, one following another, make us sad and bl

36、essed by turns. Even death itself makes life more loving. Men comes closest to their true selves in the sober moments of life, under the shadows of sorrow and loss. In the affairs of life or of business, it is not intellect that tells so much as character, not brains so much as heart, not genius so

37、much as self-control, patience, and discipline, regulated by judgment. I have always believed that the man who has begun to live more seriously within begins to live more simply without. In an age of extravagance and waste, I wish I could show to the world how few the real wants of humanity are. To

38、regret ones errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance. There is nothing noble in being superior to some other man. The true nobility is in being superior to your previous self. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 3

39、3 Neighbors are the people who live near us. In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples, write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: The Qualities of a Good Neighbor In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main ar

40、gument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization , grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above inst

41、ructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 621答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked,

42、 but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 The first and basic

43、consideration in achieving a balanced and healthy diet is not how much or how little we eat, but what we eat. The body is a highly complex self - generator, that is to say, provided it is given the right fuel, it is capable of both curing and warding off disease. Like any other machine ,however, if

44、it is inexpertly cared for, over taxed or insufficiently used, it will become rusty, sluggish or clogged and parts of its mechanism may even grind to a halt. The proper care of the body requires an understanding of its needs, allowing for variations resulting from climate, age occupation or even oth

45、er factors. To keep in good running order, the body requires the raw materials for growth and the replacement of tissues when necessary. Our bodies burn food like fuel to produce the energy we need. Basically we need carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals, together with regular but not e

46、xcessive exercise. Carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and sugar. They are excellent energy producers, but if eaten too excess may be largely converted to fat and a reduction in the amount of carbohydrates or “starchy“ foods is one of the obvious ways to reduce weight, since mos

47、t of Us eat too much of them any way. Protein, found in meat and cheese, is used for tissue building and in the developed countries most people eat a bout 110g daily which is a good deal more than the recommended minimum of 70g a day. In underdeveloped countries where food is scarce and periodical f

48、amine may occur, children in particular suffer from protein deficiency, since this is the material most needed for growth. Animal fats, e. g, butter, are also good sources of energy, but are sometimes held to cause increased cholesterol levels in the blood (which may lead to fatty deposits in the ar

49、teries) and are therefore best avoided by people suffering from certain forms of heart disease, vegetable fats being recommended as a substitute. Vitamins are another essential requirement for health. There are about forty known vitamins, but the most generally referred to are A, B, C, D and E. Deficiency of Vitamin A, found mai