1、专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷 106及答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 The casual use of language which consists of expressive but non-standard vocabulary is known as ( A) slang. ( B) euphemism
2、. ( C) jargon. ( D) taboo. 2 When a pidgin comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language, and children learn it as their first language, then the pidgin language has developed into a ( A) social dialect. ( B) creole. ( C) lingua franca. ( D) standard language. 3 The most distinguishabl
3、e linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its ( A) use of words. ( B) use of structures. ( C) accent. ( D) morphemes. 4 A linguistic _ refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the “polite“ society from general use. ( A) slang ( B) euphemism ( C) jargon ( D) taboo 5 The view that the
4、structure of a language determines the way in which speakers of that language view the world belongs to ( A) linguistic imperialism. ( B) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. ( C) Behaviorism. ( D) cognitive approach. 6 The systematic knowledge of a second language which is independent of both the first language
5、 and the target language is called ( A) developing language. ( B) interlanguage. ( C) interim language. ( D) constructing language. 7 The phenomenon which sometimes occurs in which incorrect linguistic features becomes a permanent part of the way a person speaks or writes a language in second langua
6、ge learning is known as ( A) transfer. ( B) interference. ( C) fossilization. ( D) overgeneralization. 8 Those errors occurring as a result of learners incorrect or partial understanding of the target language is called ( A) mistakes. ( B) interlingual errors. ( C) intralingual errors. ( D) intrinsi
7、c errors. 9 The kind of input showing the learner what is grammatically correct is known as ( A) negative evidence. ( B) comprehensible input. ( C) positive evidence. ( D) positive transfer. 10 The oversuppliance of an interlanguage feature in contexts in which it does not occur in target-language u
8、se is known as ( A) omission. ( B) overgeneralization. ( C) overuse. ( D) addition. 11 The view that “where L1 and L2 are similar, positive transfer would occur, otherwise, negative transfer would result“ is derived from ( A) error analysis. ( B) contrastive analysis. ( C) input hypothesis. ( D) tra
9、nsfer analysis. 12 _ reflects gaps in a learners language knowledge. ( A) Mistake ( B) Error ( C) Overusing ( D) Overgeneralization 13 The phenomenon that learners L1 knowledge can facilitate L2 acquisition is known as ( A) negative transfer. ( B) positive transfer. ( C) inference. ( D) interference
10、. 14 The unconscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language through using the language in communication is defined as ( A) learning. ( B) interaction. ( C) acquisition. ( D) competence. 15 The strategies employed by learners in the planning, supervision and evaluation of their study
11、is defined as ( A) cognitive strategies. ( B) social strategies. ( C) affect strategies. ( D) meta-cognitive strategies. 16 The input hypothesis is proposed by ( A) Stephen Krashen. ( B) Norm Chomsky. ( C) Richard Schmidt. ( D) Michael Long. 17 According to the comprehensive input theory, “i +1“ ref
12、ers to ( A) the current level of the learners interlanguage. ( B) a little more advanced than current level of the learners language knowledge. ( C) a little more than the current quantity of the input the learner received. ( D) the current quantity of the input the learner received. 18 Mentalists h
13、old that language is acquired with the help of ( A) enough practice. ( B) language acquisition device. ( C) context. ( D) sufficient input. 19 Negative transfer in second language acquisition is known as ( A) interference. ( B) fossilization. ( C) processing constraints. ( D) divergence. 20 “Fossili
14、zation“ is an important characteristic of the ( A) native language. ( B) second language. ( C) target language. ( D) interlanguage. 21 Arbitrariness of language was first discussed by ( A) Chomsky. ( B) Halliday. ( C) Firth. ( D) Saussure. 22 The fundamental distinction between competence and perfor
15、mance is discussed by ( A) Chomsky. ( B) Saussure. ( C) Bloomfield ( D) Austin. 23 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Chomskys TG Grammar? ( A) Innateness. ( B) Deductive methodology. ( C) Emphasis on interpretation. ( D) Emphasis on stimulus-response reinforcement. 24 The well-known
16、formula: Sr.sR was put forward by ( A) Bloomfield ( B) Firth. ( C) Hockett. ( D) Harris. 25 Which of the following is NOT Saussures field of study? ( A) Linguistics. ( B) Sociology. ( C) Psychology. ( D) Anthropology. 专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷 106答案与解析 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There
17、 are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 俚语是一种随意使用的语言,这种语言包含有表现力强但却不标准的词汇,尤其是包含任意的、低俗的词语。 【知识模块】 人文知识 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 当洋泾浜语逐渐发展成为某一言语社区的主要语言。并且由该语言社区:的儿童将其当做本族语自然习得时,就成了克里奥耳语。 【知识模块】 人文知识 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 地域方言的最大语言特征是它的口音。 【知识模
18、块】 人文知识 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 禁忌语指所有禁止使用特定的词项指称一些物体或行为的情况。 【知识模块】 人文知识 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 萨丕尔一沃尔夫假说认为语言决定思维,因此不同语言能以不同的方式表达其使用者独特的世界观。 【知识模块】 人文知识 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 独立于第一语言和目的语的一套语言体系是中介语(Interlanguage)。 【知识模块】 人文知识 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 在二语学习过程中,出现的错误的 语言特征最终成为一个人使用该门语言所表现出来的固化特征,这种现象叫语言石化。 【知识模块】 人文知识 8 【正
19、确答案】 C 【试题解析】 因为学习者对目的语的规则理解不对或学习不全面而引起的错误叫做语内错误 (intralingual errors)。 【知识模块】 人文知识 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 展示给学习者关于什么是正确的语法规则的语言输入叫做积极证据。 【知识模块】 人文知识 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 即学习者将某一语法规则扩展到 不应有的范围叫做过度概括(overgeneraliza-tions)。 【知识模块】 人文知识 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 在二语习得过程中,母语与第二语言相似,则产生正迁移,否则,发生负迁移。这个观点是对比分析研究发现的。 【知识
20、模块】 人文知识 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 错误 (Error)反映了学习者语言知识的不足。 【知识模块】 人文知识 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 母语知识能够促进第二语言学习的现象叫做正迁移。 【 知识模块】 人文知识 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 通过在交际中运用语言而积累第二语言知识的无意识过程叫做语言习得。 【知识模块】 人文知识 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 学习者在对自己的学习进行计划、监督和评估时所采取的策略叫做元认知策略。 【知识模块】 人文知识 16 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 是斯蒂芬 克拉申 (Stephen Krashen)提出输
21、入假说。 【知识模块】 人文知识 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 “i+1”指略高于学习者当前语言水平的输入。 【知识模块】 人文知识 18 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 心灵主义者认为人类生来便具备语言习得机制 (language acquisition device),该机制负责语言的习得。 【知识模块】 人文知识 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 语言习得过程中的负迁移又叫干扰。 【知识模块】 人文知识 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 石化现象是中介语的一个重要特征。 【知识模块】 人文知识 21 【正 确答案】 D 【试题解析】 任意性这一语言特征是索绪尔提出的。 【知识模块】 人文知识 22 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 乔姆斯基区分了语言能力与语言应用。 【知识模块】 人文知识 23 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 “刺激一反应 ”的强化理论是布龙菲尔德的主要理论之一不属于乔姆斯基的转换生成语法的内容。 【知识模块】 人文知识 24 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 布龙菲尔德提出了学习中的 “刺激一反应 ”的强化理论。 【知识模块】 人文知识 25 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 索绪尔的理论包含语言学、社会学和心理学这三个方面。 【知识模块】 人文知识
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