[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷16及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the f

2、ollowing way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 0 More and more, the operations of our business, governments, and financial ins

3、titutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computers 1. memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap substantial awards. Even worse, a number of people who 2._ have done this and caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.

4、 3. _ Its easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up 4._ what the computer is doing, but even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished and with a glowing recommendation 5._ from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that g

5、o undetected. But its disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught could simply have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck. 6._ For example, a certain ke

6、ypunch operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to make were for dishonest transactions. 7._ In other case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off the company 8._ that was being robbed. Unlike other l

7、awbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to the jail, computer criminals sometimes 9. _ escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been satisfied. 10. _

8、10 When one looks back the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of 1,_ the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truth. The history of our language has always been a history of constant 2._ change at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a

9、violent crash between two languages. Our language has always been 3._ a lively growing organism, it has never been static. Another significant 4._ truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but many. At one extreme it has 5._

10、been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it for an instrument and a sign of civilization, and 6.

11、_ who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty. While we consider our changing language, we should note here two 7._ developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons t

12、here has an almost complete 8._ reversion of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in 9._ a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections, Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the mean

13、ings that the older language did by means of changes in the pronunciations of words. 10. _ 专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 16答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each

14、 case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign a

15、nd write t 【知识模块】 改错 1 【正确答案】 computers computer 【试题解析】 本题为名词误用。此处 computer修饰 memories，名词充当修饰词时不用复数形式，作定语的名词具有形容词的作用，一般情况下作定语的名词会用单数形式，如 shoe shop， potato chip等。其中的单复数体现在主体名词中。但也有例外的，其中最多体现在表现性别的 man, woman。如果主体名词为复数，那么这两个词也要用复数形式，如 men doctors， women teachers。 【知识模块】 改错 2 【正确答案】 awards rewards 【试题解

16、析】 本题为名词误用。 award“奖品，奖金 ”，侧重于颁奖行为的后果。但这里指篡改信息后的获利，应用 reward报酬，报答，奖赏，报偿。 【知识模块】 改错 3 【正确答案】 caught been 【试题解析】 本题为被动语态误用。此句主语所指的 people指篡改信息的人们，应该是被抓住，采用被动语态。 【知识模块】 改错 4 【正确答案】 up 一 on或 up一 【试题解析】 本题为缺词或赘词。此处 up为副词，不可以直接加宾语。 check up on sth为同定搭配，意为调查。或直接采用及物动词 check，如 check the numbers。 【知识模块】 改错 5

17、【正确答案】 and but 【试题解析】 本题为逻辑错误。此处是 not only but(also) 的关联词搭配，表示递进关系，而非简单的并列关系。 【知识模块】 改错 6 【正确答案】 could may 【试题解析】 本题为情态动词误用 。此题考查情态动词用法。 could have done表示本可以做而未完成的事。此句表示推测，这些落网的罪犯可能只是运气不好而已，应当用 may have done.如用 might have done则推测语气过弱。 【知识模块】 改错 7 【正确答案】 make punch 【试题解析】 本题为动词误用。此处描述的是打孔工的工作，根据上文可知打

18、孔的表达方式为 punch the card，而不是 make the card。 【知识模块】 改错 8 【正确答案】 other another 【试题解析】 本题为逻辑错误。根据上下文可知此处是另举一例，应采用another，而 other后应加复数名词，表示其他一些。 【知识模块】 改错 9 【正确答案】 the(jail)一 【试题解析】 本题为冠词误用。本题考查冠词用法，一些同定搭配中采用零冠词，有特定含义。如 go to jail进监狱， go to hospital去医院看病，一旦加了定冠词表示去该处，但可能是去探访或做其他事。 【知识模块】 改错 10 【正确 答案】 sat

19、isfied met 【试题解析】 本题为动词误用。 meet ones demand“满足要求 ”，这是固定的动词与名词搭配，一般不用 satisfy。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 11 【正确答案】 back 一 upon 【试题解析】 本题为缺词错误。此处 look back“回顾 ”中 back为副词，后面不能直接加名词，需增加介词 upon。 【知识模块】 改错 12 【正确答案】 truth truths 【试题解析】 本题为名词误用。 truth既可以作为可数名词使用，强调真实性，如： There is no truth in the rumors；也可以作为不可数名

20、词使用，强调事实，如： She was forced to face up to a few unwelcome truths about her family此处指一些事实情况，用复数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 13 【正确答案】 crash collision 【试题解析】 本题为名词误用。 crash往往用于 3种情况： 1)交通工具的碰撞； 2)金融业价格崩盘 ； 3)计算机崩溃。此处指两种语言的冲突，不宜用 crash，应当用collision。指 (两人之间或对立意见、看法等之间的 )冲突，抵触。 【知识模块】 改错 14 【正确答案】 lively living 【试题解析】 本

21、题为形容词误用。此题为近义词辨析题，此组意近或形近的形容词有四个， live作形容词时，表示 “现场的，活着的 (强调不是死的状态 )”，可以作前置定语； lively表示 “生动的，活泼的 ”，可以作定语、表语或宾补； living表示“活着的 (强调有生命的 )；仍在使用中的 ”，可以作表语 或前置定语； alive表示 “活着的 ”，可以作表语、后置定语或补足语。此处表示语言是有生命的，并且不断成长，并非强调活泼生动。最佳选择为 living。 【知识模块】 改错 15 【正确答案】 many of 【试题解析】 本题为缺词错误。此处是 but连接的并列结构，前后应保持一致，前文采用的

22、of one class or group，因此 but之后也要用 of many。 【知识模块】 改错 16 【正确答案】 for as 【试题解析】 本题为介词误用。 respect sb sth for sth因 而尊重；respect sb sth as sth尊敬地将其视为 。此处下文跟的是 an instrument and a sign of civilization，可见不是原因，而是功能，用 as。 【知识模块】 改错 17 【正确答案】 While As When 【试题解析】 本题为从句误用。 while引导的时间状语从句强调正在某件事的发生过程中，从句动词往往用进行时态

23、。此处表示 “当我们考虑语言的变化时 ”，并非一定强调正在发生的过程，可以改用 as或 when。 【知识模块】 改错 18 【正确答案】 has 一 been 【试题解析】 本题为缺词错误。此题 there be句式，该句式中一般不采用 there have的形式，且上文用到 since引导的从句，强调自那时以来长期的状态，可采用there be的完成时。 【知识模块】 改错 19 【正确答案】 reversion reversal 【试题解析】 本题为名词误用。 reversion和 reversal都来源于同一词源，有相似之处，但 reversion表示恢复，复原，强 调回到原来状态；但文中强调的是老式英语向新式英语的转变，应采用 reversal“彻底转变 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 20 【正确答案】 pronunciations froms 【试题解析】 本题为逻辑错误。上文讲到老式英语与新式英语的一大差异在于inflections，即词尾变化，因此差异在于单词的构成，而不是读音。 【知识模块】 改错