[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷47及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 47及答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING it crept into the sleeves of his coat. (10)_ When he came to the public house at Chapel Bridge he went in and or dered a hot punch. 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) 10 Hostility to Gypsies has existed almost from the time t

2、hey first appeared in Europe in the 14th century. The origins of the Gypsies, with little writing (1)_ history, were shrouded in mystery. Which is known now from clues in the various dialects of their lan- (2)_ guage, Romany, is that they came from northern India to the Middle East a thousand years

3、ago, work as minstrels and mercenaries, metal smiths and (3)_ servants. Europeans misnamed them Egyptians, soon shortened to Gypsies. A clan system, based mostly on their traditional crafts and geography, has made them a deeply fragmented and fractious people, only really unifying in the face of ene

4、my from non-Gypsies,whom they call gadje. Today many (4)_ Gypsy activists prefer to be called Roma, that comes from the Romany word (5)_ for “man“. But on my travels among them most still referred themselves as (6)_ Gypsies. In Europe their prosecution by the gadje began quickly, with the church (7)

5、_ seeing heresy in their fortune-telling and the state seeing anti-social behave iour in their nomadism. At various time they have been forbidden to wear (8)_ their distinctive bright clothes, to speak their own language, to travel, to marry one another, or to ply their traditional crafts. In some c

6、ountries they were reduced to slavery it was until the mid-1800s that Gypsy slaves were (9)_ freed in Romania. In more recent times the Gypsies were caught up in Nazi ethnic hysteria, and perhaps half a million perished in the Holocaust. Their horses have been shot and the wheels removed from their

7、wagons, their names have been changed, their women have been sterilized, and their chil dren have been forcibly given for adopting to non-Gypsy families. (10)_ 11 (1) 12 (2) 13 (3) 14 (4) 15 (5) 16 (6) 17 (7) 18 (8) 19 (9) 20 (10) 20 Oscar Wilde said that work is the refuge of people who have nothin

8、g better to do. If so, Americans are now among the worlds saddest refugees. Factory workers in the United States are working longer hours than at any (1)_ other time in the past half century. America once led the rich world in cut ting the average working week from 70 hours in 1850 to less than 40 h

9、ours by the 1950s. It seemed natural that as people grew richer they would trade extra earn ings for more leisure. Since the 1970s, however, the hours clocked up by American workers have raised to an average of 42 this year in manufactur- (2)_ ing. Several studies suggest that something similar is h

10、appening outside manufacturing. Americans are spending more time at work than they did 20 years ago. Executives and lawyers boast 80-hour weeks. On holiday, they (3)_ seek out fax machines and phones as eagerly as Germans bag the best sun loungers. Yet working time in Europe and Japan continue to fa

11、ll. In Germa- (4)_ nys engineering industry the working week is to be trimmed from 36 to 35 hours next year. Most Germans get six week paid annual holiday; even the (5)_ Japanese now take three weeks. Americans still make with just two. (6)_ Germany responds to this contrast with its usual concern a

12、bout whether peoples aversion to work is damaging its competition. Yet German work- (7)_ ers, the Japanese, seem to be acting sensibly: as their incomes rise, they can achieve a better standard of living with fewer hours of work. The puzzle is why America, the worlds richest country, sees things dif

13、ferently. It is a puzzle with sinister social clues. Parents spend less time with their children, (8)_ who may be left alone at home for longer. Is it just a coincidence that juve nile crime is in the rise? Some explanations for Americas time at work fail (9)_ to stand up for scrutiny. Some blame we

14、ak trade unions that leave workers (10)_ open to exploitation, others suggest Americans actually want to work longer hours. 21 (1) 22 (2) 23 (3) 24 (4) 25 (5) 26 (6) 27 (7) 28 (8) 29 (9) 30 (10) 30 Then, why do Americans want to work harder? One reason may be that the real earnings of many Americans

15、 have been stagnant or falling during the past two decades. People work longer merely maintaining their living (1)_ standards. Yet many higher-skilled workers, who have enjoyed big increases in their real pay, have been working harder still. Also, one reason for the (2)_ slow growth of wages has bee

16、n the rapid growth in employment what is (3)_ more or less where the argument began. Taxes may have something to do with it. People who work an extra hour in America are allowed to keep more of their money than those who do the same in Germany. Falls in marginal tax rates in America since the 1970s

17、have made it all the less profitable to work longer. (4)_ None of these answers really explains why the century-long decline in working hours has gone into converse in America but not elsewhere (though (5)_ Britain shows signs of following Americas lead). Perhaps cultural differ ences the last refug

18、e of the defeated economist are at play. Economists used to believe that once workers earned enough to provide their basic (6)_ needs and allow for a few luxuries, their incentive to work would be eroded, like lions relaxing after a kill. But humans are more susceptible to advertise (7)_ than lions.

19、 Perhaps clever marketing has ensured that “basic needs“ for a shower with built-in TV, for a rocket-projected car expand continuously. (8)_ Shopping is already one of Americas most popular pastimes. But it requires money so more work and less leisure. (9)_ Or try this: the television is not very go

20、od, and baseball and hockey keep being wiped out by strikes. Perhaps Wilde was right. Maybe Ameri cans have something better to do. (10)_ 31 (1) 32 (2) 33 (3) 34 (4) 35 (5) 36 (6) 37 (7) 38 (8) 39 (9) 40 (10) 40 Massive changes in all of the worlds deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whet

21、her its one of Londons parks full of people playing softball, or Russians taking rugby, the patterns of players and spectators (1)_ are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture. That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a

22、good case of point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental af- (2)_ fair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part in. But in (3)_ recent years it was dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and Ameri can and Irish riders. The people who really matters welcome the

23、shift toward globalization. (4)_ Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide return for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally (5)_ a world of goods to see this unofficial world championship become just that. (6)_ It is undoubtedly an eco

24、nomic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made happen be- (7)_ cause of marketing considerations. Sell the game you can sell Coca Cola or (8)_ Budweiser as well. The skilful way which American football has been sold to Europe is a (9)_ good ex

25、ample of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people in terested in the major money-made events. (10)_ 41 (1) 42 (2) 43 (3) 44 (4) 45 (5) 46 (6) 47 (7) 48 (8) 49 (9) 50 (10) 专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 47答案与解析 一、 PART IV

26、PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong word,

27、underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 【知识模块】 改错 1 【正确答案】 laid lay 【试题解析】 动词 “lie”表示 “躺 ”时过去式和过去分词为 “lay”和 “lain”，而 “laid”为动词 “lay”的过去式或过去分词，要注意区别。 【知识模块

28、】 改错 2 【正确答案】 narration narrative 【试题解析】 “narration”往往表示有别于议论文或说明文的 “记叙文 ”文体，而具体的某一篇 “记叙文或故事 ”通常使用 “narrative”表示。 【知识模块】 改错 3 【正确答案】 sacredly sacred 【试题解析】 这里的 “hold”表示 “视为 ”，后面应该接形容词，表示 “视为什么 ”，而不是 “如何视为 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 4 【正确答案】 had only/merely 【试题解析】 “not”不能在句首引起倒装，而 “not only merely”却可以，另外从意思上来讲也应该加

29、上 “only merely”。 【知识模块】 改错 5 【正确答案】 unfitful unfit 【试题解析 】 “fit”作形容词表示 “适合 ”时，它的否定形式为 “unfit”。 “fit”也可作名词，但意思完全不同，形容词 “fitful”表示 “间断的，不规律的 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 6 【正确答案】 第二个 of to 【试题解析】 “为某物的猎物 ”应用介词 “to”，而不是 “of”。 【知识模块】 改错 7 【正确答案】 harsh harsher 【试题解析】 由于本句使用了比较结构所以 “harsh”应改为 “harsher”。 【知识模块】 改错 8 【正确答案

30、 】 to of 【试题解析】 “approve of”表示 “同意，通过 ”，不用 “to”。 【知识模块】 改错 9 【正确答案】 wonder wander 【试题解析】 “wonder”和 “wander”形近但义远，要注意区分。 【知识模块】 改错 10 【正确答案】 had / 【试题解析】 此句应使用一般过去时表示当时的感觉。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 11 【正确答案】 writing written 【试题 解析】 “history”应该是被书写，而不是自己写成的，所以应使用动词“write”的过去分词表被动。 【知识模块】 改错 12 【正确答案】 Which

31、 What 【试题解析】 如果整体看 “Which” 开头的句子就会发现句子的主语为 “which”引导的名词性分句。在此处不应使用 “Which” ，而应使用 “what”，因为该词在分句中的意思是 “什么 ”而不是 “哪一个 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 13 【正确答案】 work working 【试题解析】 在 “that”引导 的分句中主语为 “they”，动词有两个，一个是“came”，另一个是 “work”，因此必须处理好两者间的关系。根据题目要求，只能将 “work”变为 “working”，做伴随状语。 【知识模块】 改错 14 【正确答案】 enemy enmity 【试题解

32、析】 “enemy”在此处用得很蹊跷，要么将 “enemy”变为 “enemies”，要么换成别的词如 “enmity表 “敌意，敌视 ”等抽象含义。但两者相比，显然后者更好。 【知识模块】 改错 15 【正确答案】 that which 【试题解析】 由 “that”引导的分句应该是非限定性定语从句，而我们都知道“that”不能引导非限定性定语从句，所以只能换成 “which”。 【知识模块】 改错 16 【正确答案】 referred to 【试题解析】 当动词 “refer”表示 “所指，指向 ”时需与 “to”连用。 【知识模块】 改错 17 【正确答案】 prosecution pe

33、rsecution 【试题解析】 名词 “prosecution”和 “persecution”形相近义却相 距很远， “prosecution”表示 “指控 ”，而 “persecution”表示 “迫害 ”。这样的形近词平时要注意比较。 【知识模块】 改错 18 【正确答案】 time times 【试题解析】 当 “time”一词表示 “时期 ”或 “次数 ”时是可以使用复数形式的。 【知识模块】 改错 19 【正确答案】 until not 【试题解析】 如果想表示 “直到 ( 何时 )才 ” 的意思时，只能用“not until”结构，不能只用 “until”。 【知识模块】 改错

34、20 【正确答案】 adopting adoption 【试题解析】 在此处最好将 “adopting”换成名词 “adoption”，跟在介词 “for”之后。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 21 【正确答案】 any / 【试题解析】 “now”并不属于过去的任何时间，不能将其从 “any other time in the past half cen-tury”中排除出去，所以不能使用 “any”。 【知识模块】 改错 22 【正确答案】 raised risen 【试题解析】 动词 “raise”为及物动词，只能选用不及物动词 “rise”的过去分词“risen”来代替。 【

35、知识模块】 改错 23 【正确答案】 boast of/about 【试题解析】 “boast”做及物动词往往表示 “某地或某国以拥有某物为荣 ”，在此处最好加入 “of about”表示 “吹嘘 ”之意。 【知识模块】 改错 24 【正确答案】 continue continues 【试题解析】 本句的主语为 “working time”，所以谓语动词必须与该主语一致。 【知识模块】 改错 25 【正确答案】 week weeks 【试题解析】 如果 “six week”作前置修饰语，则需要用连字符 “ ”联结起来且“week”用单数形式。但此处的结构不同，所以必须把 “week”变为复数，

36、加 “”修饰后面的名词词组 “paid annual holiday”。 【知识模块】 改错 26 【正确答案】 make do 【试题解析】 “make do with”表示 “凑合，勉强为之 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 27 【正确答案】 competition competitiveness 【试题解析】 破坏的不是 “竞争 ”，而是 “竞争力 ”，所以应该把 “competition”改为“competitiveness”。 【知识模块】 改错 28 【正确答案】 clues implications 【试题解析】 “clues”为探究一件事所需要跟踪的 “线索 ”，为 “因 ”而不是

37、“果 ”，而此处暗示的是 “果 ”，因为下文提到了各种不良后果，所以应改为意思相近的“implications”。 【知识模块】 改错 29 【正确答案】 in on 【试题解析】 “on the rise”表示 “上升，处于上升通道 ”，没有 “in the rise”一词。 【知识模块】 改错 30 【正确答案】 for to 【试题解析】 lO “stand up for”表示 “捍卫，保护 ”，而此处的意思应为 “经得起(质疑 )”，所以应改为 “stand up to”。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 31 【正确答案】 maintaining to maintain 【试

38、题解析】 现在分词 “maintaining”表示伴随或结果，而不定式 “to maintain”则表目的；此处应理解为工作的目的。 【知识模块】 改错 32 【正确答案】 still too 【试题解析】 在此处 “still”意思模糊，到底是 “依旧 ”还是 “更加 ”，如果是后者则一般需放在所修饰词的前面，所以最好把 “still”换成 “too”。 【知识模块】 改错 33 【正确答案】 what which 【试题解析】 此 处 “what”引导的应为非限定性定语从句，而 “what”并不能担当此任，应改为 “which”。 【知识模块】 改错 34 【正确答案】 less more

39、 【试题解析】 此处应把 “less”改为 “more”，否则语义不通。 【知识模块】 改错 35 【正确答案】 converse reverse 【试题解析】 “converse”表示 “反面，相反 ”，而此处的真正含义为 “调头朝相反方向运动 ”，所以应改为 “reverse”。 【知识模块】 改错 36 【正确答 案】 provide for 【试题解析】 “provide”表示 “提供 ”，而 “provide for”表示 “供养，提供生计 ”，所以应选择后者。 【知识模块】 改错 37 【正确答案】 advertise advertising 【试题解析】 “susceptible

40、 to”中的 “to”为介词，不是不定式符号，所以应改为“advertising”。 【知识模块】 改错 38 【正确答案】 projected propelled 【试题解析】 “project”表示 “投掷，发射 ”，而 “propel”表示 “推进 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 39 【正确答案】 so hence 【试题解析】 “so”表示 “所以 ”时不能做副词只能做连词，所以只能换成表示 “所以 ”的副词 “hence”。 【知识模块】 改错 40 【正确答案】 something nothing 【试题解析】 从上下文来看，此处的意思是 “美国人除了工作外便没有什么更好的事情可做 ”

41、，所以选用 “nothing”代替 “something”。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 41 【正确答案】 taking up 【试题解析】 “take”一词表示 “接受，收取 ”，在本句中意思不够明确，最好改为“take up”表示 “培养 (一个新的爱好 )”。 【知识模块】 改错 42 【正确答案】 of in 【试题解析】 这句话的意思是 “环法自行车大赛就是一个很好的例子 ”，此处只能将 “of point”改为 “in point”表达此意。 【知识模块】 改错 43 【正确答案】 (part) in / 【试题解析】 “taking part in”显然缺少一个词作

42、 “宾语 ”，所以不如直接去掉“in”。 【知识模块】 改错 44 【正确答案】 matters matter 【试题解析】 此处 “matter”的是 “people”，所以应与之一致。 【知识模块】 改错 45 【正确答案】 return returns 【试题解析】 “return”一词作 “回报，收益 ”解时往往用复数形式 “returns”。 【知识模块】 改错 46 【正确答案】 goods good 【 试题解析】 “good”表示 “好处 ”时为不可数名词；这一点与 “goods”表示 “货物 ”时不同。后者无论单复数都为 “goods”。 【知识模块】 改错 47 【正确答案

43、】 happen to 【试题解析】 “make”在被动语态中后接不定式时不能省略 “to”。 【知识模块】 改错 48 【正确答案】 you and 【试题解析】 由 “Sell”开头的句子由两个并列的简单句组成，且当中没有任何连接词，不符合语法习惯。应在两者当中加入 “and”，相当于： “If you sell the game you can sell Coca Cola” 【知识模块】 改错 49 【正确答案】 which in 【试题解析】 “which”引导的从句先行词为 “way”，所以应在 “which”前加入“in”。 【知识模块】 改错 50 【正确答案】 money-made money-making 【试题解析】 “events”和 “make money”的关系为主动，所以应改 “made”为“making”。 【知识模块】 改错