[外语类试卷]专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷48及答案与解析.doc

1、专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 48及答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the f

2、ollowing way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 0 There exists a social and cultural disconnection between journalists and thei

3、r readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates“ of the news room seem alien for many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were (1)_ sent to reporters in five middle-sized cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned o

4、n random and asked the same questions. (2)_ Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and theyre less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put roots in a community. (3)_ Report

5、ers tend to be part of broadly defined social and cultural elite, so (4)_ their work tends to reflect conventional values. The astonishing distrust of the news media isnt rooted in inaccurate or poor reportorial skills but in the (5)_ daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers. T

6、his is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubling business that keeps hiring employees whose at- (6)_ titudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wonder why customers are annoyed (7)_ a

7、nd fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to notice the (8)_ cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it does, it would open up its diversity program, now focusing broadly on (9)_ race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by

8、outlook, val- (10)_ ues, education and class. 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) 10 The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpa

9、ssing might. Many in these (1)_ countries are looking at this process and worrying: Wont the wave of busi ness concentration turn into an controllable anti-competitive force? Theres (2)_ no question that the big is getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational (3)_ corporations accounted less than

10、 20% of international trade in 1982. Today (4)_ the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliations (5)_ constitute a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the re forms of the early 1990s

11、, multinationals go from 43% to almost 70% of the (6)_ industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national busi nessmen and over the last stability of the world economy. (7)_ I believe that the most importa

12、nt forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlies the globalization process: falling transportation (8)_ and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarging operations capable of meeting customers de- (9)_ mands. All these are bene

13、ficent, not detrimental, to consumers. As produc- (10)_ tivity grows, the worlds wealth increases. 11 (1) 12 (2) 13 (3) 14 (4) 15 (5) 16 (6) 17 (7) 18 (8) 19 (9) 20 (10) 20 Every year, millions of animals undergo painful suffering or death as a result of scientific research into the effects of drugs

14、, food additives, cosmet ics and other chemical products. With most people think animal testing is (1)_ necessary, others are upset by what they see as needless suffering. This es say looks at some of the positive and negative aspects of animal testing. Many medical treatments and procedures have be

15、en developed by expert- (2)_ ments on animals. Since animals share many features with humans, scien tists use them to test the safety and effectiveness of new developed drugs (3)_ before pilot testing on small group of patients. Medical teams practice new (4)_ operating techniques such as transplant

16、s on animals. Without animal testing, many procedures or new drugs would be extremely unsafe. However, many people are concerned about that animals are suffering (5)_ unnecessarily and cruelly. They do not believe that every new drug need to (6)_ be tested on animals, especially with the huge databa

17、se of knowledge and modern computer models. They are also worried that many animal tests are ineffective, point out that any drugs have had to be withdrawn from the (7)_ market despite extensive testing. They particularly feel that animal testing should not be used for non-essential products such as

18、 cosmetics, shampoos, soaps, and clean products. Furthermore, some campaigners would like to (8)_ see certain tests replaced and more humane methods used. We need to make sure that the millions of animals that are used for tested (9)_ new products are treated with the minimum of suffering. Although

19、some animal testing may be unavoidable at present, treating our fellow creatures as merciful as possible will demonstrate our humanity. (10)_ 21 (1) 22 (2) 23 (3) 24 (4) 25 (5) 26 (6) 27 (7) 28 (8) 29 (9) 30 (10) 30 In the past, degrees were very unusual in my family. Today, five of my brothers and

20、sisters have degrees, and two are studying for their masters. Furthermore, some people think that this increased access to education is (1)_ devaluing degrees. In this essay, I will look at some of the arguments for and against the increased emphasis on degrees in our society. People have several ar

21、guments for the need for degrees. They say (2)_ that having so many graduates devalues a degree. People lose respect to the degree holder. It is also claimed that education has become a rat (3)_ race. Graduates have to compete for jobs even after years of study ing. Another point is that study for s

22、uch a long time leads to learners (4)_ to becoming inflexible. They know a lot about one narrow subject, but are un- (5)_ able to apply their skills. Employers prefer more flexible and adoptable workers. (6)_ However, I feel strongly that this move to have more qualifications is a (7)_ positive deve

23、lopment. In the past education was only for the rich and power ful. Now it is available to everyone, and this will have many advantages for the country and individual. First of all, it is impossible to be overeducated. (8)_ The more people are educated, the better the world will be, because people w

24、ill be able to discuss and exchange ideas. A further point is that people with degrees have many more opportunities. They can take a wider variety of jobs and do what they enjoy doing, instead of forced to take a job they (9)_ dislike. Finally, a highly educated workforce are good for the economy of

25、 (10)_ the country. It attracts foreign investment. In conclusion, although there are undoubtedly some problems with increased levels of education, I feel strongly that the country can only prog ress if all its people are educated to the maximum of their ability. 31 (1) 32 (2) 33 (3) 34 (4) 35 (5) 3

26、6 (6) 37 (7) 38 (8) 39 (9) 40 (10) 40 When should people be made to retire? 55? 65? Should there be a com pulsory age limit? Many old people work well into their 70s and 80s, run families, coun- (1)_ tries or corporations. Other people, however, despite of being fit and highly (2)_ talented, are for

27、ced to retire in their 60s or even earlier because of company or national regulations. There are several arguments for allowing older people to continue work ing as long as they are able. First of all, older employees have an immense number of knowledge and experience which can be lost if they are m

28、ade to (3)_ retire.A second point is that older employees are often extremely loyal em ployees and are more willing to implement company policies than younger and less committed staff. However, a more important point is regarding the attitudes in society to old people. To force someone to resign or

29、retire at 60 or 65 indicate that the society does not value the input of these people (4)_ and effectively their useful life is over. (5)_ Allowing older people to work indefinitely however is not always a good policy. Age alone is no guarantee to ability. Many younger employees (6)_ have more exper

30、ience or skills than older staff, who may have been stuck in one area or unit for most of their working lives. Having compulsory retire ment allows new ideas in an organization. In addition, without age limits, however arbirarily, many people would continue to work purely because (7)_ they did not h

31、ave any other plans or roles. A third point of view is that older people should be rewarded by society for their lifes labor by given gener- (8)_ ous pensions and the freedom to enjoy their leisure. With many young people unemployed or frustrated in low-level posi tions, there are often calls to com

32、pulsorily retiring older workers. However, (9)_ this can affect the older individuals freedom-and right-to work and can deprive society valuable experience and insights. I feel that giving workers (10)_ more flexibility and choice over their retirement age will benefit society and the individual. 41

33、 (1) 42 (2) 43 (3) 44 (4) 45 (5) 46 (6) 47 (7) 48 (8) 49 (9) 50 (10) 专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 48答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word i

34、s involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 【知识模块】 改错 1

35、 【正确答案】 for to 【试题解析】 “be alien to sb ”表示 “对某人来说很陌生；与某人不相干 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 2 【正确答案】 on at 【试题解析】 “at random”表示 “随机地，随意地 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 3 【正 确答案】 roots down 【试题解析】 “put roots”的说法不存在，应改为 “put down roots”表示 “扎根 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 4 【正确答案】 broadly a 【试题解析】 “elite”为集合名词表示 “(一个社会的 )优秀阶层 ”，所以尽管用单数却是表示复数含义。 【知识模块】 改错

36、5 【正确答案】 inaccurate inaccuracy 【试题解析】 “skills”无法用 “inaccurate”来形容，所以可以 把 “inaccurate”改为名词 “inaccuracy”，表示 “(报道的 )有欠准确 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 6 【正确答案】 troubling troubled 【试题解析】 本句中的 “business”是指 “麻烦缠身的行业 ”而非 “给他人招致麻烦的行业 ”，所以应该使用 “trouble”的过去分词表被动含义。 【知识模块】 改错 7 【正确答案】 wonder wondering 【试题解析】 “dedicated to”中的 “

37、to”为介词而非不定式 “to”。 【知识模块】 改错 8 【正确答案】 notice noticing 【试题解析】 同上。 【知识模块】 改错 9 【正确答案】 does did 【试题解析】 从 “If”开头的句子来看，此句话所陈述的为与现实相反的假设，所以 “if”引导的条件句应使用过去时。 【知识模块】 改错 10 【正确答案】 broadly narrowly 【试题解析】 从上下文来理解，这里应该把 “broadly”改为 “narrowly”表示目前报纸选题的狭窄。 【 知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 11 【正确答案】 unsurpassing unsurpassed

38、【试题解析】 此处 “unsurpassing might”指的是 “前所未有，从未被超越的力量 ”，所以应选择 “unsurpassed”表被动。 【知识模块】 改错 12 【正确答案】 controllable uncontrollable 【试题解析】 此处经济的高度集中可能会形成一股无法控制的反竞争力量，而不是可控的反竞争力量，所以把 “controllable”改为 “uncontrollable”。 【知识模块】 改错 13 【正确答案】 is are 【试题解析】 一般来说，形容词前面加 “the”表示的是一类人或物，所以动词应选用复数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 14 【正确答案

39、】 less for 【试题解析】 词组 “account for”表示 “占有 (多大比例 )”。 【知识模块】 改错 15 【正确答案】 affiliations affiliates 【试题解析】 名词 “affiliation”表示 “从属，联系 ”等抽象概念，而 “affiliate”表示“下属的单位 ”等具体概念，要注意区分。 【知识模块】 改错 16 【正确答案】 go went 【试题解析】 本句话应选择过去时态，很大程度上是因为时间状语是由 “after”引导的，如果是由 “since”引导的，可选用现在完成体。 【知识模块】 改错 17 【正确答案】 last ultima

40、te 【试题解析】 “the last stability of the world economy”表述不清，应 改为 “the ultimate stabiltiy”表示 “最终的稳定 ”。 “last”只表示时间或顺序概念，而 “ultimate”则表示性质上的稳定。 【知识模块】 改错 18 【正确答案】 underlies underlie 【试题解析】 动词 “underlie”的单复数应看冒号后所罗列的众多因素，所以应选用复数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 19 【正确答案】 enlarging enlarged 【试题解析】 动词 “enlarge”在这里应表示结果而不是过程，应该

41、 是 “已经扩大了规模的生产过程 ”而非 “需要扩大生产规模 ”，所以应选用动词 “enlarge”的过去分词形式。 【知识模块】 改错 20 【正确答案】 beneficent beneficial 【试题解析】 “beneficent”的含义为 “行善的，慈善的 ”，而 “beneficial”的意思才是 “有利的，有益的 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 21 【正确答案】 think thinking 【试题解析】 “with”作为介词，后接的应为一个分词词组而不是一个句子，所以只能把 “think”改为 “thinking”。另由 “with”引导的介词词组做原因状语的用

42、法很普遍。 【知识模块】 改错 22 【正确答案】 by from 【试题解析】 “by”引导的应为被动语态动作的发出者，而这里 “experiments”只是表示来源，所以应改为 “from”。 【知识模块】 改错 23 【正确答案】 new newly 【试题解析】 “new”修饰的应该是 “developed”，而不是 “drugs”，所以应改为副词形式 “newly”。 【知识模块】 改错 24 【正确答案】 group groups或 small a 【试题解析】 “group”作为可数名词应与冠词连用或使用复数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 25 【正确答案】 about / 【试题解

43、析】 介词 “about”后面不能接由 “that”引导的分句，所以应把 “about”去掉。 【知识模块】 改错 26 【正确答案】 need needs 【试题解析】 “every new drug”作为主语后接的动词一般使用单数形式以保持与主语的一致。 【知识模块】 改错 27 【正确答案】 point pointing 【试题解析】 “point out”引导的分句作伴随状语，所以必须把 “point out”变成 -ing形式。 【知识模块】 改错 28 【正确答案】 clean cleaning 【试题解析】 “clean products”为 “干净的产品 ”，而此处的含义应该为

44、 “清洁用品 ”，所以应改为 “cleaning products”。 【知识模块】 改错 29 【正确答案】 tested testing 【试题解析】 介词 “for”后面不能接 -ed分词短语，所以只能把 “tested”改为“testing”。 【知识模块】 改错 30 【正确答案】 merciful mercifully 【试题解析】 l0 “merciful”修饰的是动词 “treating”，所以应改为“mercifully”。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 31 【正确答 案】 Furthermore However 【试题解析】 “Furthermore”一词在这里

45、不合逻辑，在此处应表示转折而非递进，所以应选择表示转折的副词如 “However”。 【知识模块】 改错 32 【正确答案】 for against 【试题解析】 如果看下一句就会发现这里人们是不赞成拥有学历，所以应把“for”改为 “against”。 【知识模块】 改错 33 【正确答案】 to for 【试题解析】 一般我们用介词 “for”与 “respect”搭配表示 “对某人或某物的尊重 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 34 【正确答案】 study studying 【试题解析】 尽管 “study”也可用作名词，但在此处由于有 “for such a long time”这一表示时间

46、的状语，最好把 “study”当动词来用。 【知识模块】 改错 35 【正确答案】 to (becoming) /或 (lead) to / 【试题解析】 “lead to”词组后面跟的是 “something”或 “somebody doing something”，可以把第二个 “to”去掉，同时 lead sb to sth doing sth，也是对的，因此也可把 lead to中的 to去掉。 【知识模块】 改错 36 【正确答案】 adoptable adaptable 【试题解析】 “adopt”的含义为 “应用，采纳 ”，而 “adapt”表示 “适应 ”，不要将两者混为一谈。

47、 【知识模块】 改错 37 【正确答案】 have having 【试题解析】 “this move to”中的 “to”为介词而不是不定式符 号，所以应该把“have”改为 “having”。 【知识模块】 改错 38 【正确答案】 individual the 【试题解析】 冠词 “the”后面如果接两个或两个以上名词，所指的应该为一物或一个整体，否则应在每一个名词前分别加冠词。在这里应该在 “individual”前加“the”。 【知识模块】 改错 39 【正确答案】 forced being 【试题解析】 介词 “of”后不能接 -ed分词，所以必须在 “forced”前加上 “be

48、ing”，变为现在分词。 【知识模块】 改错 40 【正确答案】 are is 【试题解析】 这里 “workforce”应作为一个整体看待，表示 “(一个国家的 )劳动力 ”，所以后接的动词应为单数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 41 【正确答案】 run running 【试题解析】 这句话的谓语动词应为 “work well”，所以 “run”引导的分句只能使用现在分词形式做伴随状语。 【知识模块】 改错 42 【正确答案】 of / 【试题解析】 “despite”本身为介词，直接接现在分词即可，相当于 “in spite of”。 【知识模块】 改错 43 【正确答案】 number amount 【试题解析】 “number”后接的应该是可数名词，而 “knowledge”和 “experience”均为不可数名词，所以应改为 “amount”。 【知识模块】 改错 44 【正确答案】 indicate indicates 【试题解析】 动词 “indicate”的真正主语为 “to”引导的不定式，所以应使用单数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 45 【正确答案】 and that 【试题解析】 “th