1、专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷 278及答案与解析 一、 PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. 1 When _, the bridge connecting the is
2、land to the continent will be open to traffic next year. ( A) completed ( B) completing ( C) being completed ( D) to be completed 2 _ these objections, we can not ignore the advantages of learning through the Internet. ( A) Despite ( B) Instead of ( C) For ( D) Like 3 Mom enjoyed herself so much _ s
3、he was on vacation in France with dad last year. ( A) where ( B) that ( C) which ( D) when 4 The experiment was _ we had anticipated. ( A) a success more than ( B) more a success than ( C) a success as much as ( D) as much of a success as 5 Scientists first _ the idea of atomic bomb in the 1930s. (
4、A) deceived ( B) conceived ( C) relieved ( D) perceived 6 We finished all of the food at a sitting. The underlined part means _. ( A) at one time ( B) in time ( C) on time ( D) at a time 7 As means of communication, poetry and dances _ many of the limitations of music. ( A) exceed ( B) overtake ( C)
5、 transcend ( D) surmount 8 He was charged with causing death by _ driving. ( A) venturesome ( B) daring ( C) rash ( D) reckless 9 The mayor_his political view on the radio. ( A) set up ( B) set forth ( C) set about ( D) set in 10 The doctors discover will have a_ effect on mankind. ( A) extreme ( B)
6、 radical ( C) excessive ( D) profound 11 The Navy is warning ships to stay away from the coast of Somalia after a series of_ attacks there. ( A) burglar ( B) bandit ( C) gangster ( D) pirate 12 The government_between the workers and the employers. ( A) mediated ( B) reconciled ( C) interfered ( D) i
7、nvolved 13 Green tea has in recent years attracted much attention in the West for a wide range of possible _ effects. ( A) advantageous ( B) beneficial ( C) favorable ( D) preferable 14 You should try to remain_ and hear both sides of the story. ( A) impartial ( B) objective ( C) impersonal ( D) inh
8、uman 15 All the following underlined parts are appositive clauses (同位语从句 ) EXCEPT ( A) The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. ( B) He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. ( C) The fact that you are talking about has nothing to do with it. ( D) The question
9、 that who should do the work requires consideration. 16 What a pity! If only they _ here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. ( A) are ( B) were ( C) have been ( D) had been 17 In “Can you show me your photo?“, the underlined part is the _ of the sentence. ( A) object comple
10、ment ( B) direct object ( C) subject complement ( D) indirect object 18 There _ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. ( A) mustnt ( B) neednt ( C) shall not ( D) shouldnt 19 _, he sometimes can not stand the way she solves problems. ( A) Alt
11、hough much he likes her ( B) Much although he likes her ( C) As he likes her much ( D) Much as he likes her 20 Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? ( A) His family is well known in this country. ( B) The public were not allowed to hear the trial. ( C) Poultry is expensive at this time of y
12、ear. ( D) Physics include mechanics, heat, light, etc. 21 Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND? ( A) Good old Mike! ( B) Try that again. ( C) Have a good night. ( D) Beg your forgiveness. 22 Down _ from the seventh floor when he heard someone shouted at him. ( A) the burglar jumped ( B) jum
13、ped the burglar ( C) did the burglar jump ( D) the jumped burglar 23 _ with last year, the output of the factory this year has increased by twenty percent. ( A) Comparing ( B) Compared ( C) Having compared ( D) To compare 24 Benjamin told me his father had decided to support him and _ he would quit
14、the school to start his business. ( A) / ( B) when ( C) that ( D) which 25 If you are like most people, then chances are you often_ others while they are still talking. ( A) interfere ( B) intervene ( C) interrupt ( D) disturb 专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷 278答案与解析 一、 PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE There are twent
15、y sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 时间状语从句的省略形式。当从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从句有 be动词时,从句主语与 be动词可以省略 ,答案为 A,完整表达为 When the bridge is completed
16、。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 despite后接名词引导让步状语,意为 “尽管 ”,有此用法的介词或介词短语还有 in spite of, for all等。故答案为 A。其他选项用在此处均不能表示让步关系。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 考查时间状语从句。此题易把句子看成 sothat 结构而误选 B,但根据语义可看出 was on vacation既非 enjoyed herself之目的,也非其结果,不能用 sothat 句型。本题应选 D,关系副词 when引导时间状语从句。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 4 【正确答案】
17、 D 【试题解析】 考查比较结构。比较结构往往可以 “还原 ”为非比较结构来判断比较的对象以及主句的语法关系。选项 A、 C还原后,句型一致,都是 “It was a success much ”显然不合语法,可以排除。选项 B可以理解为 It was more X than Y句型,此时 X和 Y属于并列结构,表示 “与其说是 Y,不如说是 X”,用在这里不合适。选项 D还原后为: It was much of a success这种句型中, much是代词,表示 something very good; be much of表示 “有 气概或风度,了不起的 ”。答案为 D。 【知识模块】
18、语法与词汇 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 20世纪 30年代,科学家们第一次有了关于原子弹的设想。A deceived“欺骗,行骗 ” B conceived“想象,构想 ”C relieved“解除,使放心 ” D perceived“察觉,理解 ” 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 我们 一股脑地 吃完了所有的食物。下划线部分的含义是_。 A at one time“一次地 ” B in time“及时 ”C on time“按时 ” D at a time“每次,依次 ”注:短语 at a sitting的意思是 “一口气地 ”,与 A含义相近。 【知识
19、模块】 语法与词汇 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 诗歌和舞蹈作为交流的工具,超越了音乐的诸多限制。A exceed“超出,超过 ”,表示 超出了某种可以度量的限度或某种已知的限度,例如: Sales of the new product exceeded our estimates新产品的销售超出了我们的预计。 B overtake“赶上,超过 ”,指因速度快而赶上或超过某人、车辆等,例如: At last he overtook me at the finishing line在到达终点线时他超过了我。C transcend“超出,超越 ”,尤指概念范围、分类等抽象方面的超出或超越 (
20、如本题 ),例如: These issues transcend the limits of language study这些问题超出了语言研究的范围。 D surmount“越过,战胜 ”,指克服困难,超越障碍,例如: I think most of these obstacles can be surmounted我认为这些障碍大多数都是可以克服的。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 他由于鲁莽驾驶致人死亡而受到指控。 A venturesome常指一种过分的冒险爱好,可以意味着在行动前对形势做了谨慎的估计,例如: A trip to the moon is a
21、 venturesome journey月球旅行是个冒险的旅程。 B daring指 “大胆,果断 ”,例如: a daring rescue一次英勇的救援。 C rash指语言或行动上的轻率,或一时情绪下所做的过快行动,例如: Dont do anything rash不要轻率行事。 D reckless指非常不小心,不考虑自己或别人,不顾后果的 (如本题 ),例如: reckless driving鲁莽的驾驶。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 市长在电台发表他的政治主张 A set up“设立创立 ” B set forth“陈述 (观点等 ),启程 ”C s
22、et about“着手做某事,开始干 ” D set in“开始,(讨厌的或不受欢迎的事物 )到来 ” 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 这位医生的发现将会对整个人类有着意义深远的影响。A extreme通常指距离、程度上的极端和人们思想意识上的过激,例如: His views are rather extreme他的见解相当偏激。 B radical“极端 的,根本的 ”,强调重要性和完全彻底性,例如: He made a radical change in the plan他对计划做了彻底的修改。 C excessive“过度的,过分的 ”。指程度或价格等超出
23、正常的和常规的标准或范围,例如: The prices at this hotel are excessive这家旅馆的价钱贵得过分。 D profound“深刻的,透彻的 ”,用来强调事物的伟大或强度 (如本题 ),例如: I give you my profound thanks for saving my life我对您的救命之恩深表谢意。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 该海军警告有关船只避免前往索马里沿海地区,在此之前,那里发生了一系列海盗袭击事件。 A burglar指夜间撬窗破门行窃的人。 B bandit原指在乡间或小林地区结帮活动,使用恐吓或暴
24、力行窃的人,现指有组织或单独进行抢窃的盗匪。 C gangster指结伙进行各种非法活动的武装歹徒。 D pirate指海盗。注:根据题中的 the coast of Somalia可知,这些 “强盗 ”与海相关。 【知识 模块】 语法与词汇 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 政府在工人与雇主间进行调停。 A mediated“调解,斡旋 ”,是指第三方通过与矛盾双方对话,使之达成协议或解决纷争 (如本题 ),例如: mediate between two warring countries在两个交战国之间进行斡旋。 B reconciled“调和,使和解 ”,是指使两个相反或完全不同的意
25、见、信念,需求达到和谐一致的状况,也可指使两人在吵架或出现纷争之后再次重归如好,例如: She wanted to be reconciled with her father她想跟父亲言归于好。 C interfered“妨碍,干预 ”,常含贬义,与介词 with搭配时指人或人的行动打扰、妨碍他人;与 in搭配时指干预他人的事务,例如: Dont interfere in my affairs别干涉我的事情。D involved指把某人卷入、牵涉进入困境,甚至罪行,而造成复杂或尴尬的局面,例如: Dont involve me in your mistakes不要把我卷人你的错误当中去。 【知
26、识模块】 语法与词汇 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 近年来,绿茶以它许多可能的有利效用而在西方引起了广泛的注意。 A advantageous“有利的,有益的 ”,指取得优势或占先,例如: Youre in a very advantageous position你处于非常有利的地位。 B beneficial一般指对身体健康等有益、有帮助 (如本题 )或对事业起良好作用,例如: The arrangement was mutually beneficial这种安排对彼此都有利。 C favorable多指环境有利,例如: Conditions are now favourable f
27、or skiing现在的天气条件正适合滑雪。D preferable指 “更好的,更合适的,更可取的 ”,例如: Lower interest rates were preferable to higher ones低利率比高利率更可取。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 你应该尽量保持中立,两方面的声音都要听。 A impartial“不偏袒,公平的 ”,指做出的结论公正合理、不偏不倚 (如本题 ),例如: The judge must remain impartial法官必须保持公正。 B objective“真实的,客观的 ”,强调以客观事实为依据,不含主观
28、意念,例如: A scientist must be objective科学家必须客观。 C impersonal指 “没有人情味,人情冷淡 ”,例如: Even his children found him strangely distant and impersonal甚至他的孩子们也认为他跟其他人很疏远,没有人情味。 D inhuman意为 “残暴的,无同情心的,无人性的 ”,例如:The violence of the gunman was inhuman持枪歹徒的暴行惨无人道。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 考查定语从句与同位语从句引导词 that的
29、区别。 that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分,而在定语从句中则充当主语或宾语,四个选项只有 C的that充当从句谓语 are talking about的宾语,这里的 that引导的是定语从句,其他选项下划线部分都是同位语从句。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 16 【正确答案】 B 【 试题解析】 if only引导的从句要用虚拟语气,表示 “要是 就好了 ”之意,表达一种不能实现或难以实现的愿望。表示与现在事实相反, if only从句谓语动词用过去时;表示与过去事实相反, if only从句谓语动词用过去完成时;表示与将来相反,用 “would could+动词原形 ”。本题是对现在事实的
30、假设。故答案为 B。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 show sb sth是双宾语结构,其中 sb是间接宾语, sth是直接宾语,因此答案为 B。 【知识模 块】 语法与词汇 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 must表推测时,只能用于肯定句中,其否定形式是 cant。 neednt通常表示 “没必要 ” : shall用于第一人称表示征求对方的意见,用于第二和第三人称表示 “允许、命令、法律条文中的规定 ”,用在此处不符合句意。 should(not)表示根据常规或常识推测,语气比 must和 cant稍弱,为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 19
31、【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 as和 although均可连接让步状语从句,表示 “尽管 ”。 as引导的让步状语从句要求用倒装结构,此结构可提至句首的有名词、动词原形、副词、形容词等,注意可数名词单数形式提至句首时不用冠词。如: Child as he is, he knows a lot (名词前置 ) Dark as the night was, he still found his way to my home (形容词前置 ) Try as he would, he couldnt open the door (动词前置 )。although无此用法,如果用 although的话,
32、应该是 Although he likes her very much。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 考查集体名词作主语。单数集体名词被看做一个整体作主语时,具有单数概念,谓语动词用单数形式;当它们表示若干个体时,具有复数概念。该类名词常见的有 family, police, army, public, staff, press等。 A、 B、 C表述都是正确的。 D错误,以 -ics结尾、表示学科名称的名词通常为单数概念,所以 D的 include应该改成 includes。 【知识模块】 语法与词 汇 21 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 B“再做一遍
33、!”是一个命令句,为正确答案。 A中 good old后接人名表示对某人 (不负众望 )的行为表示称赞,译为 “好个迈克 ”; C“睡个好觉 ”表示祝愿; D“请原谅 !”表示请求。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 22 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 down, out, in, up, on, away等表示方向的副词位于句首时,句子的主谓要全部倒装,答案为 B。 A是正常语序, C为半倒装, D不构成主谓,均排除。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 23 【正确答 案】 B 【试题解析】 主句的主语是 the output,与 compare之间存在被动关系,因此要用过去分词作状语,相当于一个状语从句
34、 when the output is compared with last year答案为 B。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 24 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 考查宾语从句引导词。当句中动词后接多于两个由 that引导的宾语从句时,第一个 that可省,但后面的 that不可省,因此答案为 C。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇 25 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 如果你和大多数人一样,很有可能常常在别人讲话的时候打断他们。 A interfere“干涉,妨碍 ”,是不及物动词,作 “干涉 ”讲时后多接 in,作 “妨碍,打扰 ”时后多接 with,例如: She tried not to in
35、terfere in her childrens lives她尽量不去干涉孩子们的生活。 B intervene“干涉,干预 ”,为不及物动词,较为正式,常指带有行动的干预,例如: When riot broke out, the police were obliged to intervene发生暴乱时,警察有责任干预。 C interrupt“打扰,打断,阻碍 ”,常有打断某人说话的意思 (如本题 ),例如: Im sorry to interrupt you不好意思打断一下。 D disturb“打扰,妨碍 ”,常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生,例如: Bad dreams disturbed her sleep噩梦妨碍她的睡眠。 【知识模块】 语法与词汇
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