[外语类试卷]国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷188及答案与解析.doc

1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 188及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi

2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he

3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac

4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What kind of person is called “mall rat“? （ A） One spends so much time at malls. （ B） One steals at malls. （ C） One sees dentists at malls. （ D） One eats a lot at malls. 12 Which of the following is NOT the reason why people like malls? （ A） They feel safe because malls have po

5、lice station of private security guards. （ B） They can be served free meals after doing shopping. （ C） They can do about everything at malls. （ D） The weather inside is always fine. 13 How many cars can be parked in the Mall of America? （ A） 350 （ B） 2750 （ C） 7500 （ D） 1965 14 Which university did

6、historian Patrice Higonnet graduate from? （ A） Stanford University （ B） Harvard University （ C） Massachusetts Institute of Technology （ D） University of Michigan 15 What is Higonnets attitude towards the fact that the two sides of the “myth“ complemented each other? （ A） Appreciation （ B） Dislike （

7、C） Indifference （ D） Anger 16 The so-called Parisian Golden Age ran roughly from the French Revolution to_. （ A） 1925 （ B） 1935 （ C） 1945 （ D） 1955 17 Procrastinators have many problems, except that_. （ A） they get more cold and flu symptoms （ B） they sleep more （ C） they smoke and drink more （ D） t

8、hey have more digestive problems 18 Which of the following sentences about Timothy A. Pychyl is NOT true? （ A） He is one of the Procrastination Research Group. （ B） He is a psychologist. （ C） He is a teacher in Carleton University in Ottawa. （ D） He is the co-author of the study. 19 What is the root

9、 of the problem? （ A） Something has to do with genes. （ B） Sleeping far less that they need. （ C） Drinking more than they have intended. （ D） An inability to regulate behavior and control impulses. 20 Here are some favorite excuses for academic tardiness, except_. （ A） computer failure （ B） leaving

10、a paper at home （ C） losing a hand-held organizer （ D） the death of a grandmother 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Even plants can run a fever, especially when they

11、are under attack by insects or diseases. But 21 humans, plants can have their temperature 22 from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, 23 the infrared(红外线的 )scanning technology developed for military purpose and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley 24 a quick way to take the temperature o

12、f crops to determine 25 ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmer 26 target pesticide spraying 27 rain poison on a whole field, which 28 include plants that dont have the pest problem. Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 29 to the

13、 eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet 30 , an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were 31 into a color-coded map showing 32 plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 33 would. The bad news is that Pal

14、eys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers 34 the new technology and long-term backers were hard 35 But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to 36 into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology

15、 works. “This technique can be used 37 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,“ says George Oerther of Texas A the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said

16、that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is. 46 In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some terms in order to_. （ A） argue for the similarities between animal societies and human societies （ B） smooth out the conflicts in human societies （ C） dist

17、inguish between two kinds of opposition （ D） summarize the characteristic features of opposition and cooperation 47 According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that_. （ A） it results in war in most cases （ B） it induces efforts to expand territory （ C） it is a kind of opposition am

18、ong social entities （ D） it is essentially a struggle for existence 48 The phrase “function in the disservice of one another“ (Para. 1) most probably means_. （ A） betray each other （ B） harm one another （ C） help to collaborate with each other （ D） benefit one another 49 The author indicates in the

19、passage that conflict_. （ A） is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition （ B） reflects the struggle among social animals （ C） is an opposition among individual social entities （ D） can be avoided 50 The passage is probably intended to answer the question “_“. （ A） Is war inevitable? （ B） Wh

20、y is there conflict and competition? （ C） Is conflict desirable? （ D） Can competition lead to conflict? 50 How efficient is our system of criminal trial? Does it really do the basic job we ask of itconvicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent? It is often said that the British trail system is m

21、ore like a game than a serious attempt to do justice. The lawyers on each side are so engrossed in playing hard to win, challenging each other and the judge on technical points, that the object of finding out the truth is almost forgotten. All the effort is concentrated on the big day, on the dramat

22、ic cross examination of the key witnesses in front of the jury. Critics like to compare our “adversarial“ system (resembling two adversaries engaged in a contest) with the continental “inquisitorial“ system, under which the judge plays a more important inquiring role. In early times, in the Middle A

23、ges, the systems of trial across Europe were similar. At that time trial by “ordeal“especially a religious eventwas the main way of testing guilt or innocence. When this way eventually abandoned the two systems parted company. On the continent church-trained legal officials took over the function of

24、 both prosecuting and judging, while in England these were largely left to lay people, the Justice of the Peace and the jurymen who were illiterate and this meant that all the evidence had to be put to them orally. This historical accident dominates procedure even today, with all evidence being give

25、n in open court by word of mouth on the crucial day. On the other hand, in France for instance, all the evidence is written before the trial under supervision by an investigating judge. This exhaustive pretrial looks very undramaticj much of it is just a public checking of the written records alread

26、y gathered. The Americans adopted the British system lock, stock and barrel and enshrined it in their constitution. But, while the basic features of our systems are common, there are now significant differences in the way serious cases are handled. First, because the U. S. A. has virtually no contem

27、pt of court laws to prevent pretrial publicity in the newspaper and on television, American lawyers are allowed to question jurors about knowledge and beliefs. In Britain this is virtually never allowed, and a random selection of jurors who are presumed not to be prejudiced are empanelled. Secondly,

28、 there is no separate profession of barrister in the United States, and both prosecution and defense lawyers who are to present cases in court prepare themselves. They go out and visit the scene, track down and interview witnesses, and familiarize themselves personally with the background. In Britai

29、n it is the solicitor who prepares the case, and the barrister who appears in court is not even allowed to meet witness beforehand. British barristers also alternate doing both prosecution and defense work. Being kept distant from the preparation and regularly appearing for both sides, barristers ar

30、e said to avoid becoming too personally involved, and can approach cases more dispassionately. American lawyers, however, often know their cases better. Reformers rightly want to learn from other countries mistakes and successes. But what is clear is that justice systems, largely because they are th

31、e result of long historical growth, are peculiarly difficult to adapt piecemeal. 51 “British trial system is more like a game than a serious attempt to do justice. “ It implies that_. （ A） the British legal system can do the basic job wellconvicting the guilty and acquitting the innocent （ B） the Br

32、itish legal system is worse than the continental legal system （ C） the British legal system is often considered to be not very fair （ D） the British legal system is very efficient 52 Which of the following sentences is NOT true? （ A） Oral evidence was unnecessary in France because the judges and pro

33、secutors could read. （ B） When trial by ordeal was finally abandoned throughout Europe, trial by jury was introduced in Britain. （ C） In the adversarial system, it is the lawyers who play the leading roles. （ D） Lawyers in Britain are prepared to lie in order to win their cases. 53 In Britain, newsp

34、apers_. （ A） do the same as American newspapers do （ B） are not interested in publishing details about the trial before it takes place （ C） are not allowed to publish details about the trial before it takes place （ D） are allowed to publish details about the trial before it takes place 54 We can inf

35、er that American lawyers_. （ A） do not attempt to familiarize themselves with cases （ B） prepare the cases themselves （ C） tend to be more passionately involved in their cases （ D） tend to approach cases dispassionately 55 The passage_. （ A） questions whether the system of trial by jury can ever be

36、completely efficient （ B） suggests a number of reforms which should be made to the legal system of various countries （ C） describes how the British legal system works and compares it favourably with other systems （ D） compares the legal systems of a number of countries and discusses their advantages

37、 and disadvantages 55 The initial impact of computers was in the area of entertainment. If you walked by a video arcade in the early 1980s, you could not have failed to notice that the use of video games was growing at what some considered an alarming rate. In 1981 the movie industry grossed $ 3 bil

38、lion, video games took in an estimated $ 6 billion. That gives you some idea of just how big the computer industry had become. Video games employ the same technology as personal computers, and indeed many who bought personal computers did so primarily for playing games at home, thus saving their qua

39、rters. Though video games are not as popular as they were a few years ago, they did provide consumers with their first real reason to buy PCs. A more recent computer innovation, desktop publishing, supplies one good reason for those who write for a living to buy a PC. Desktop publishing is a decepti

40、vely simple description for an extremely complex group of hardware and software tools. You can now write text, edit text, draw illustrations, incorporate photographs, design page layouts, and print a finished document with a relatively inexpensive computer and laser printer. Although the new technol

41、ogy offers new freedom, there is a price to be paid for this freedom. With total control comes total responsibility. In fact, the issue of social responsibility in our new computer age has long been a topic of debate among computer enthusiasts. Some people are concerned with the long-term social eff

42、ects of the so-called computer revolution. Ironically, many PC pioneers who built and marketed the first machines were 60s-style advocates of social change. They claim that while personal computer technology has the potential to make society more equal, its having the opposite effect since upper-mid

43、dle-class people can afford them and lower-class people cannot. In addition, the ways that computers are used to monitor the activities of their users have evoked anxiety about the machines. Over 7 million Americans now have their work paced, controlled, and monitored by computers. A computer is mor

44、e restrictive and powerful in the way it controls people than the old-fashioned assembly line. This can lead to what some have called “tech-stress“. Irritated eyes, back problems, and other physical symptoms have also been associated with the extensive use of computers. Although the personal compute

45、r may not have had the impact some predicted a decade age, the combination of computer technology with satellites and cable does promise innovations in the mass media that would have seemed astonishing just a few short years ago. 56 The dramatic growth of the business dealing in video games is the r

46、esult of_. （ A） the development of computer industry （ B） the development of wireless technology （ C） the decline in movie industry （ D） the depression in the entertainment business 57 The consumers first motivation in buying personal computer is to_. （ A） play video games （ B） make writing easier f

47、or themselves （ C） facilitate their entrance into the stock market （ D） transmit printed information 58 Whats the advantage that desktop publishing brings people? （ A） It makes home banking a reality. （ B） It provides a method for producing professional-looking documents. （ C） It makes it possible f

48、or people to receive newspaper electronically. （ D） It makes it possible for people to bring office work to home. 59 In the long run, the social effect of computers is that_. （ A） it controls peoples life （ B） it brings about a more equal society （ C） it might lengthen the distance between upper-mid

49、dle-class people and lower-class people （ D） it leads to a profound change in the mass media 60 According to the passage, which of the following is true? （ A） Computer may cause health problems for its users. （ B） Computer has led to a revolution in every aspect of peoples life. （ C） Computer is financially within the reach for most consumers. （ D） The influence of computer has on peoples life is not as great as people have predicted. Part D Directions: Read the following text carefully and then t