1、在职攻硕英语联考(语法与词汇)模拟试卷 21及答案与解析 一、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET wi
2、th a single line through the center. 1 In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women _this field is climbing. ( A) engaging ( B) devoting ( C) registering ( D) pursuing 2 The supervisor didnt have time so far to go into it_, but he gave us an idea about his plan. ( A) at
3、hand ( B) in turn ( C) in conclusion ( D) in detail 3 Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest_of being met. ( A) prospect ( B) prediction ( C) prosperity ( D) permission 4 Its usually the case that people seldom behave in a_way when in a furious state. ( A) stable ( B) rational ( C) legal
4、 ( D) credible 5 When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them ( A) off ( B) aside ( C) out ( D) down 6 He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any_ on what he promises. ( A) faith ( B) belief ( C) credit ( D) reliance 7 My students found the book_: it
5、provided them with an abundance of information on the subject. ( A) enlightening ( B) confusing ( C) disturbing ( D) amusing 8 In this factory the machines are not regulated_but are jointly controlled by a central computer system. ( A) independently ( B) individually ( C) irrespectively ( D) irregul
6、arly 9 Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be_in some form. ( A) given off ( B) put out ( C) set off ( D) used up 10 If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with the result that incomes from
7、taxation might actually_. ( A) shrink ( B) delay ( C) lessen ( D) sink 11 American companies are evolving from mass production manufacturing to _enterprises. ( A) moveable ( B) changing ( C) flexible ( D) varying 12 I cant _ what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morn
8、ing. ( A) figure out ( B) draw out ( C) look out ( D) work out 13 I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat_. ( A) disapproval ( B) rejection ( C) refusal ( D) decline 14 She had clearly no_of doing any work, although she was very well paid. ( A) tendency ( B) ambitio
9、n ( C) intention ( D) willingness 15 What seems confusing or fragmented at first might well become_a third time. ( A) clean and measurable ( B) notable and systematic ( C) pure and wholesome ( D) clear and organic 16 The public opinion was that the time was not_for the election of such a radical can
10、didate as Mr. Jones. ( A) reasonable ( B) ripe ( C) ready ( D) practical 17 Hudson said he could not kill a living thing except for the_of hunger. ( A) sensation ( B) cause ( C) purpose ( D) motive 18 For the new country to survive, _for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economic policies will be
11、required. ( A) to name a few ( B) let alone ( C) not to speak ( D) lets say 19 When a number of people cluster together in a conversational knot, each individual expresses his_in the group by where he stands. ( A) angle ( B) post ( C) status ( D) position 20 The machine needs a complete _ since it h
12、as been in use for over ten years. ( A) maintaining ( B) fitting ( C) mending ( D) renovating 21 There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a_of him. ( A) glance ( B) glimpse ( C) look ( D) sight 22 I dont think its wise of you to_ your greater knowledge
13、in front of the director, for it may offend him. ( A) show up ( B) show out ( C) show in ( D) show off 23 The returns in the short_may be small, but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid. ( A) interval ( B) range ( C) span ( D) term 24 A thorough study of biology requires_with th
14、e properties of trees and plants, and the habit of birds and beasts. ( A) acquisition ( B) distinction ( C) curiosity ( D) familiarity 25 She worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the results would_ her long effort. ( A) justify ( B) satisfy ( C) return ( D) reward 26 Im very glad to kno
15、w that my boss has generously agreed to_my debt in return for certain services. ( A) take away ( B) cut out ( C) write off ( D) clear up 27 According to what you have just said, am I to understand that his new post _no responsibility with it at all? ( A) shoulders ( B) possesses ( C) carries ( D) sh
16、ares 28 Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his_to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied. ( A) comment ( B) reaction ( C) impression ( D) comprehension 29 Please restrain yourself from smoking and spitting in public places, since the law_them. ( A
17、) forbids ( B) disallows ( C) limits ( D) binds 30 Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of_ every business operation in the whole country. ( A) practically ( B) preferably ( C) precisely ( D) approximately 31 Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $ 10 billion
18、, _the $ 160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress. ( A) in proportion to ( B) in reply to ( C) in relation to ( D) in contrast to 32 All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read_ letters from their families. ( A) sentimental ( B) affectionate ( C) inti
19、mate ( D) sensitive 33 Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to_, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s. ( A) revolt ( B) resolve ( C) reverse ( D) resume 34 The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetable no longer _according to the w
20、eather. ( A) altered ( B) converted ( C) fluctuated ( D) modified 35 The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _ their prospect of promotion. ( A) spur ( B) further ( C) inspire ( D) reinforce 36 In what_ to a last minute of execution, a council announced that emergency
21、funding would keep alive two aging satellites. ( A) applies ( B) accounts ( C) attaches ( D) amounts 37 An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to_ further research and further thinking about a particular topic. ( A) stimulate ( B) engage ( C) arouse ( D) undertake 38 Although ar
22、chitecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical_. ( A) obligations ( B) regulations ( C) observations ( D) considerations 39 Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss _ the bread winners death. ( A) at the cost of ( B) on the point of
23、( C) as a result of ( D) for the sake of 40 In education there should be a good_among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgement. ( A) distribution ( B) balance ( C) combination ( D) assignment 41 The American dream is most plausible(似乎可信的 )during the periods
24、of productivity and wealth_by American capitalism. ( A) generated ( B) excited ( C) inspired ( D) prompted 42 Poverty is not prevalent in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more_there. ( A) rare ( B) temporary ( C) visible ( D) intense 43 People w
25、ho live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in _populated areas. ( A) densely ( B) intensely ( C) severely ( D) highly 44 As a way of_ the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later. ( A)
26、 picking up ( B) coping with ( C) passing out ( D) getting across 45 Toms mother tried hard to persuade him to_from his intention to invest his savings in stock market. ( A) pull out ( B) give up ( C) draw in ( D) back down 46 These causes produced the great change in the country that modernized the
27、 _of higher education from the mid-1860s to the mid-1880s. ( A) branch ( B) category ( C) field ( D) scope 47 Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the_in the financial system will drag down the economy. ( A) shallowness ( B) shakiness ( C) scarcity ( D) stiffness 48 Crisis would be the right
28、term to describe the_in many animal species. ( A) minimization ( B) restriction ( C) descent ( D) decline 49 Researchers discovered that plants_with a virus give off a gas that activates disease resistance in neighboring plants. ( A) contracted ( B) infected ( C) loaded ( D) prescribed 50 The moveme
29、nt of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was_from one new moon to the next. ( A) measured ( B) reckoned ( C) judged ( D) assessed 在职攻硕英语联考(语法与词汇)模拟试卷 21答案与解析 一、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section
30、. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 pursue及物动词 “从事,进行 ”, pursue ones study“从事研究 ”,pursue an investigation“进行调查 ”, pursue learning(k
31、nowledge)“寻求知识 ”。engage作 “从事某种活动 ”解时,是非及物动词,需用介词 in,如: engage in politics“从政 ”, engagein conversation“参与谈话 ”。 devote“致力于,献身于 ”,用法是 “devote oneself tosth ”,如: He devoted himself to music “他献身于音乐事业。 ”She was devoted tothe study of chemistry “她致力于化学研究。 ”register“登记,注册 ”,如: registerthe birth of a baby“登
32、记孩子的出生 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇 2 【正确答 案】 D 【试题解析】 in detail“详细地 ”,如: We discussed the matter in detail “我们详细地讨论了这个问题。 ”at hand“在附近,在手边 ”,如: The postoffice is close at hand “邮局就在附近。 ”When you write , you always keep a dictionary at hand “写东西时,手头总是有本字典。 ”in turn“依次,轮流 ”,如: speak in turn“依次发言 ”。 in conclusion“总之,
33、最后 ”,如: In conclusion, Id like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result “最后,我想对所有那些为取得这个成果而努力工作的人们表示感谢。 ” 【知识模块】 词汇 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 prospect“前途,可能性 ”,如: They have no prospect of becoming rich “他们没有发财致富的可能性。 ”Seeing no prospect of success, we quit the attempt to climb t
34、he mountain “我们看到没有成功的可能,于是放弃了登山的尝试。 ”prediction“预言,预告 ”; prosperity“繁荣,兴旺 ”; permission“允许 ”,get(grant, obtain)permission“得到许可 ”,如: get permission to use this library“得到使用这个图书馆的许可 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 rational“理智的 ”,如: Men are said to be more rational than women “人们说男人比女人理智。 ”stable“稳定的,安
35、定的 ”,如: a stable job“稳定的工作 ”, a stablegovernment“稳定的政府 ”, stable用于指人时意为 “靠得住的 ”。 legal“合法的,法定的 ”; credible“可信的 ”。很明显,人们在愤怒的时候,很少表现得很理智,所以应选 rational。 【知识模块】 词汇 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题考的是 “动词 +副词 ”构成的短语动词的不同意义。 lay off: “(尤指暂时的 )解雇 ”, fire指永久性辞退,如现在我们常提到 “下岗女工 ”,就是 laidoff womenworkers,又如: Bill hasnt lo
36、st his job His firm laid him off for two weeks “比尔并没有失业。他的公司曾让他停止工作两周。 ”lay aside与 put aside, set aside同义, “把 放在一边,积蓄,留作别用 ”,如: Lay aside your book, it is bedtime “把书放下吧,是睡觉的时候了。 ”They tried to lay aside a little money each month for theirvacation “他们设法每月积蓄一点钱,作度假用。 ”lay out“展示,安排布置 ”,如: Avast expan
37、se of rice fields was laid out before us “大片稻田展现在我们眼前。 ”lay outthe format of a television program“设计电 视节目的格局 ”, lay out a printed page“设计一项印刷品的版式。 ”lay down“制定,规定,献出 (生命 )”,如: The constitutionlays it down that the Communist Party of China is the core of leadership of the wholeChinese people “宪法规定中国共
38、产党是全中国人民的领导核心。 ”题句意: “如果工人建立了工会组织,雇主就很难解雇他们了。 ” 【知识模块】 词汇 6 【正 确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题的四个选择项都是近义词,测试考生从搭配角度区分词的用法的能力。 reliance“信赖,依靠 ”,是动词 rely的派生词,后面接介词 on,与reliance的动词形式 rely的用法相同,如: In the absence of actual data, no reliance can be placed on such figures “在缺乏实际资料的情况下,这样的数据毫不可信。 ”place(put)reliance on on
39、espromises“相信某人的诺言 ”。 faith“信任,信心,信念,信义 ”,后面接介词 in,如: We have firm faith in the realization of communism throughout the world “我们坚信共产主义在全世界的实现。 ”belief“相信,信仰 ”,也接介词 in,如: have belief in themasses(ones own ability)“相信群众 (自己的能力 )。 ”credit“信誉,信用,信任 ”,接介词 with或 in,如: have credit with sb “得到某人的信任 ”, plac
40、e(put)credit insb (sth )相信某人 (某事 )。可见 faith, belief, credit都有相信的含义,但都接 in,只有 reliance接on,所以从题中已给的语言环境看,只有 D正确。在辨析近义词时,从动词、介词的搭配人手分辨其用法的不同,是做好这类题的关键。另外,在记忆常用词的固定搭配时,只要我们细心分析归纳,不难找到一些实用的规律来帮助我们记忆。如本题的 reliance和 rely属同根词,其搭配也相同,都是介词 on。题句意:“他好多次使我失望,我不再相信他的诺言了。 ” 【知识模块】 词汇 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此题的选择项是四个现在
41、分词,从词义理解角度测试考生的词汇量,看其是否真正懂得了句子的意思。先从句子结构上看,前后两句中间由冒号隔开,说明后面一句是对前面一句的进一步解释说明,而且是肯定的、褒义的说明;再看四个选择项, confusing“使人感到糊涂 ”和 distracting“分散人们的注意力 ”,都是含有否定意义的贬义词,填入句中与句义不符,试想, “提供了大量信息资料 ”会使人集中精力研究、更加全面了解这个问题,从而更加清楚、明白,怎么会 “感到糊涂 ”、 “分散注意力 ”呢 ?D项中 amusing意为 “有趣的,好玩的,逗人的 ”,填人句中更是不妥,因为 “提供了大量信息 ”的书不是供学生开心的,而是帮
42、助他们学习的。至此, B、 C、 D均可排除。所以无论从词义本身还是从句子语意环境看,只有 A正确。 enlightening意为 “使人受启发的 ”,如: Convinced of the importance of education, modern states“invest”in institutions of learning to set back“interest”in the form of a large group of enlighteningyoung men who are potential leaders “许多现代国家确信教育的重要性,向高等教育 投资 ,并以得
43、到大批有知识的青年的形式获取 利息 ,这些青年都是未来的领导者。 ”题句意:“我的学生发觉这本书很有启发性,因为它在这个题目上提供了大量信息。 ” 【知识模块】 词汇 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 individually“一个一个地,逐个地 ”,如: Every part is individually checked beforeassembly “装配之前对每个零件进行逐个检查。 ”independently“独立地 ”,强调的是不依靠的含义,如: Language, culture, and personality may be considered independently
44、of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact “虽然人们在思想上认为语言、文化和性格是相互独立的,但实际上它们是不可分割的。 ”irregularly“不规律地,不整齐地,非正规地 ”,如: an irregular member of the class“班上非正式成员 ”, irregular teeth“不整齐的牙齿 ”, irregular trains“不规律的火车 (指发车和到站的时间不固定 )”。 irrespectively“不考虑地,不顾地 ”,经常用其形容词形式、并与 of搭配,构成固定短语,如: Al
45、l pupils,irrespective of age, are invited to join the club “所有的学生,无论年龄大小 ,都被邀请加入俱乐部。 ”仔细阅读题句,不难发现句中 jointly(共同地,一块地 )正好与 individually(一个一个地 )相对应, not individually butjointly,所以 B是正确答案。其他各项的对应词为: not independently but together with(with the help of )not irrespectively but with respect to not irregula
46、rly but regularly(at a certain period of time)。题句意: “这个工厂的机器不是进行个别调整,而是由中心计算机系统统一调整。 ” 【知识模块】 词汇 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 give off“散发出,释放出 (蒸气、光、烟等没有形体的东西 )”,如:give off asweet fragrance(unpleasant smell, odor, smoke and steam, vapor)“散发出香味 (难闻的气味、臭味、烟和汽、蒸气 )”。 put out“放出;出版,生产;熄灭(火 )”等,如: The boy put his t
47、ongue out for the doctor “男孩把舌头伸出来给医生看。 ”set off: “出发;使爆炸 ”,如: The mischievous boy set off a firework just behind the old gentleman “顽皮的孩子们就在那位老先生的背后放了个爆竹。 ”use up: “用完,耗尽 ”,如: By that time, he had used up all his savings “到那时他已经花完他所有的积蓄。 ”无论从词组的本身含义还是从句子的 语义环境来看,都应该选 given off。题句意: “每个化学变化要么是能产生变化的
48、结果,要么是能以某种形式得以释放。 ” 【知识模块】 词汇 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 shrink“缩小,减少 ”(cause to)become smaller, as from the effect of heat orwater,其过去式和过去分词为 shrank, shrunk,如: Washing wool in hot water willmake it shrink “用热水洗毛织物会使其缩水。 ”The number of students has shrunk “学生数量减少了。 ”对 shrink有干扰作用的选择项是 D项的 sink,sink除了 “下沉 ”外主要指 “降低 ”(go down in number, strength, value),如:Their standard of livingsteadily sank down “他们的生活水平不断下降。 ”题句中要求填人谓语的句子主语是 income,其实可以从能用于修饰 income的形容词人手分析,便不难区别这两个词的不同而做出正确选择了。一般我们说big(large)income,所以反义词便是 small income,而 shrink的意思就是 (cause to)become smaller;但上面一例中的 standard却不能用 big或
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