1、大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 300及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 2010年 世界博览会 (World Expo 2010)于 5月 1日至 10月 31日在中国上海举行。世博会吸引了 190个国家和 56个国际组织参展。超过 7300万中外游客参观了世博园,参观人数是历届世博会中最多的一次。这届世博会的主题是 “城市,让生活更美好 ”(Better City, Better Life),体现了人类对更适宜居住环境、更美好生活的愿望。在世博园里 所有的 展馆 (pavilion)中,中国展馆是最受欢迎的场馆之一。 2 清明上河图 (Along the R
2、iver during the Qingming Festival)是中国名画之一。它为 北宋 (theNorthern Song Dynasty)画家张择端所作,现收藏于故宫博物院 (the Palace Museum)。清明上河图宽 25 5厘米,长 525厘米。画卷里,画家描绘了北宋清明时节都城的自然风光和人们的日常生活。清明上河图 内容丰富,绘有大量的人物、树木、动物、车辆、建筑和船只。因其具有很高的历史价值和艺术价值,清明上河图被视为国宝。 3 在中国, 9月 10日的 教师节 (Teachers Day)是一个很重要的节日。这一天,人们用各种方式表达对教师的敬意。近年来,许多专家一
3、直希望变更教师节的日期。一些研究中国传统文化的学者提出,教师节应该有其历史文化内涵。不久前,相关部门拟将教师节改至 9月 28日。那天被认为是 孔子 (Confucius)诞辰日。作为 “先师 ”(First Teacher),孔子是中国历史上最重要的教育家及哲学家。 4 和亲 (peace-making marriage)政策可以追溯到 西汉时期 (the Western Han Dynasty)。当时西汉政府为了缓和与匈奴的关系,将公主嫁给 匈奴部落 (Xiongnu tribes)的首领。人们对和亲一直有着不同的看法。有人对和亲持肯定态度,因为和亲可以停止战争,与少数民族建立和平友好的关
4、系。而另一些人则认为和亲政策是一种妥协和投降。总的来说,和亲政策有利有弊,应放在 当时的历史环境下来考虑。 5 近年来,随着中国政治及经济实力的不断提升,学中文的外国人越来越多。据统计,全球约有三千万人正在学习中文,而这一人数还在不断增加。在加拿大,虽然觉得汉语十分难学,但人们学中文的兴趣却与日俱增。他们喜欢中国文化,也意识到学习中文预示着更多的机遇。如今, 孔子学院 (Confucius Institute)遍布世界各地,致力于推广中国文化及语言。 大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 300答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 World Expo 20
5、10 was held in Shanghai from May 1 to Oct. 31. 190 countries and 56 international organizations participated in the Expo. More than 73 million tourists from home and abroad visited the Expo Park, reaching the largest number of attendance in all Expos. The theme of the Shanghai Expo is “Better City,
6、Better Life“, which reflects humans wish for a more livable environment and a better life. The China Pavilion was one of the most popular pavilions among all in the Expo Park. 【试题解析】 1第 1句中既有时间状语,又有地点状语,一般地点在前、时间在后。 “(活动 )在 举行 ”可套用句型 sth was held in ,用被动语态。 2第 2句可逐字对译为 the Expo had attracted to atte
7、nd the Expo,或可意译为 190 countriesparticipated in, 省略 “博览会吸引了 ”不译,不但没有影响原意的表达,还能使译文简洁明了。 3第 3句 “超过 7300万中外游客参观了世博园 ”中的 “游客 ”可用 visitors或tourists,由于 “参观 ”用 了 visited,选用 tourists来表达可避免重复。 “参观人数是历届世博会中最多的一次 ”是对该句中 “7300万 ”的补充说明,故将其处理成分词短语作状语,译作 reaching the largest number of attendance in all Expos。 4第 4句
8、中的 “体现了 ” 是对前半句的补充说明,可用非限制性定语从句来表达,译作 which reflects, 也可用分词短语 reflecting来表达。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 Along the River during the Qingming Festival is one of Chinese famous paintings. Painted by Zhang Zeduan, a painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, this painting is now kept in the Palace Museum. The paint
9、ing is 25.5 centimeters wide and 525 centimeters long. In the painting, the painter had captured the natural scenes and daily life of people of the capital during the Qingming Festivial in the Northern Song Dynasty. The painting is rich in content with a large number of humans, trees, animals, carri
10、ages, buildings and boats. The painting is considered as a national treasure for its very high historic and artistic values. 【试题解析】 1第 2句中的 “它为 所作,现收藏于 ” 如果逐字对译为 it was painted byand it is kept in 则稍显生硬、不够顺畅。宜将前半句处理成状语,用表被动的过去分词短语来表达,译作 Painted by Zhang Zeduan。 “北宋画家 ”则用同位语 a painter in the Northern
11、 Song Dynasty译出。 2第 3句中的 “宽 25 5厘米,长 525厘米 ”可采用句型 centimeters wide andcentimeters long ,也可使用 has a width of and a length of句型。 3倒数第 2句 “清明上河图内容丰富,绘有大量的人物、树木 ” 宜把前半句处理成主句,后半句用介词 with引出,表伴随状态,译作 the painting is rich in contents with a large number of humans, trees 。 4最后一句中的 “因其具有很高的历史价值和艺术价值 ”可处理成原因状语
12、,用介词短语 for its very high historic and artistic values来表达,使得译文结构紧凑、语言简洁。 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 In China, the Teachers Day on the September 10 is an important day on which people express their respect to their teachers in a variety of ways. For some recent years, many experts have been hoping to change
13、the date of Teachers Day. Some scholars in traditional Chinese culture suggested that the Teachers Day should have historical and cultural associations. Not long ago, the department concerned considered moving Teachers Day to Sept. 28, which is believed to be the birthday of Confucius. As the First
14、Teacher, Confucius is the most important educationalist and philosopher in Chinese history. 【试题解析】 1仔细分析发现,第 2句 “这一天 ” 跟第 1句语义联系紧密,故将两句 “合译 ”,用 on which引导的非限制性定语从句来引出第 2句的内容。状语 “用各种方式 ”用介词短语 in a variety of ways来表达,置于句末。 2第 3句 “近年来,许多专家一直希望 ” 时态宜用现在完成进行时,表示动作的延续性,译作 for some recent years, many exper
15、ts have been hoping to 。 3第 5和第 6句 “不久前,相关部门拟 9 月 28日。那天被认为是 ” 意义上有关联,都提到同一日期,宜 “合译 ”,以 9月 28日为先行词,后一句用 which引导的定语从句来表达。 4最后一句中的状语 “作为 先师 ”用介词短语 as the First Teacher来表达。时间状 语 “中国历史上 ”按照英文表达习惯将其置于句末,表达为 in Chinese history。 【知识模块】 汉译英 4 【正确答案】 The policy of peace-making marriage can date back to the W
16、estern Han Dynasty. At that time, the government of Western Han married its princesses to the heads of Xiongnu tribes in order to smooth out the relationship between the two parties. People always have different opinions towards the policy. Some people hold a positive attitude towards it, as peace-m
17、aking marriage can put an end to the war and build up a peaceful and friendly relationship with the minority groups. But others consider the policy a kind of compromise and surrender. Generally speaking, the policy of peace-making marriage had its pros and cons, which should be considered under the
18、historical circumstance at that time. 【试题解析】 1第 2句中的 “为了缓和与匈奴的关系 ”表目的,故将其译作状语in order to 放在句末。而 “将公主嫁给 ” 作句子的谓宾成分,译作 marry its princesses to 。 2第 4句 “有人对和亲持肯定态度,因为 ” 的后半句可用 as引导的原因状语从句来处理。 3倒数第 2句 “而另一些人则认为和亲政策是一种妥协和投降 ”可套用句型consider sth (be as) sth.,译作 others consider the policy a kind of compromis
19、e and surrender。 4最后一句中的 “应放在当时的历史环境下来考虑 ”处理成由 which引导的非限制性定语从句,并用被动语态来表达,译为 which should be considered,其中 “环境 ”应选用 circumstance,而不能用 environment,因为后者指的是自然生态环境,而非文中表示的人文社会历史状况。 【知识模块】 汉译英 5 【正确答案】 In recent years, as Chinas political and economic power is on the rise, more and more foreigners are le
20、arning Chinese. According to statistics, there are about 30 million people learning Chinese around the world, and this number is still increasing. In Canada, although people find Chinese very difficult, they still show growing interest in its study. They like Chinese culture, and also realize that l
21、earning Chinese may mean more opportunities. Today, Confucius Institutes are set up worldwide, committing itself to promoting Chinese culture and language. 【试题解析】 1第 1句中 “随着中国政治及经济实力的不断提升 ”用 as引导状语从句,译为 as Chinas political and economic power is on the rise名词短语 “政治及经济实力 ”作为一个整体,故谓语动词用单数形式。 2翻译第 2句时,根
22、据英语表达习惯,把 “全球 ”转换成状语,用短语 around the world来表达。 “人数 ”直接用 number表达,谓语动词用现在进行时 is increasing来表达 “不断增长 ”之义。 3第 3句 “虽然 ,但 ” 的结构不能译为 although, but,但可译为 although still .“觉得 难 ”可套用结构 sb find sth difficult来表达。 “人们学中文的兴趣却与日俱增 ”可逐字对译为 the interest of peoples learning Chinese is growing,但主语部分太长,句子显得头重脚轻;再者主语是interest,与前半句的主语 people衔接不协调,故应保持主语为 “人们 ”,用人称代词 they来代替,以避免重复。 4最后一句 “孔子学院遍布世界各地 ”翻译 时可加上短语 set up,使句子意思更完整,译文读起来更顺畅。 “致力于推广中国文化及语言 ”用现在分词短语committing itself to promoting Chinese culture and language来表达,这里 to是介词,后接动词 -ing形式。 【知识模块】 汉译英
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