1、大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷 264及答案与解析 Section A 0 Over a hundred years ago, Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when he described the conditions under which young children worked in British factories. The conditions Dickens described continue almost【 C1】 _today in many parts of the world. The only di
2、fference is that today【 C2】 _of children is limited to small industries and family businesses, such as hotels, restaurants and【 C3】 _farms, rather than to large factories. Girls【 C4】 _more from child labor practices than boys. Many of them are forced to start work when they are only ten years old. A
3、lthough the work they are given to do is often【 C5】 _, it is often harmful to their health.【 C6】 _, children as young as six years were found to be working in Asian factories, and the children were working from eight to fourteen hours a day in overcrowded and unhealthy working【 C7】 _. Sometimes a wh
4、ole family group is employed, with the【 C8】_going to a parent or older relative. The children not only receive nothing or very little for their long hours of work, but also they are prevented from attending school. Therefore, when they become older they are unable to do any other kind of work. The【
5、C9】 _to the problem of child labor is clearly better laws to protect young children, greater supervision of industry and heavier fines for those who break the laws. Only in this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most【 C10】_time of their lives children. A. elsewhere B. employment C
6、. dissolved D. light E. recently F. solution G. unchanged H. suffer I. conditions J. perspective K. impatient L. valuable M. particularly N. proceed O. payment 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 10 One lunchtime, May Ward was going round the local super
7、market in Parkside Road, Liverpool, doing her shopping, when she suddenly slipped and fell. She was badly shaken and bruised but【 C1】 _nothing serious resulted. It turned out that she has slipped on some ice-cream which had been【 C2】 _on the floor. Two weeks later she wrote to the firm to【 C3】 _comp
8、ensation (赔偿 ) to make up for the pain and【 C4】 _she had suffered. She asserted that they had been negligent (忽视的 ) and careless in not keeping the floor clean. The firm denied that they had been negligent and【 C5】 _that they had a proper system for keeping the floor clean. They had given instructio
9、ns that when a member of staff found a spillage, he or she was to stand by it, and call someone else to clear up the mess. Since Mrs. Ward felt that she was【 C6】 _to compensation, she sued (起诉 ) the firm in the Law Courts. Here the firm claimed that it did not【 C7】 _, just because someone has slippe
10、d on the floor, that they must have been negligent carrying out their duties. They said that unless the customer could prove how the ice-cream came to be on the floor, and how long it had been left there before the accident happened, she had not made out a proper【 C8】 _against them. But the judge to
11、ok a different view. He said that, on the face of it, the accident would not have happened at all if the firm had taken reasonable care. It was something that in the ordinary course of events does not happen if floors are kept clean and spillages are dealt with as soon as they occur. It was up to th
12、e firm, he said, to provide【 C9】 _. if they could, that the accident did not【 C10】 _from any negligence on their part. They would obviously be in a better position than the customer to establish how long the ice-cream had been spilt and explain the circumstances to the Courts. The final result was t
13、hat Mrs. Ward won her case and received 137 and 10 pence as payment for damages. A. claim B. spilt C. evidence D. case E. innocent F. inconvenience G. derive H. maintained I. entitled J. arise K. follow L. unexpectedly M. determine N. fortunately O. credited 11 【 C1】 12 【 C2】 13 【 C3】 14 【 C4】 15 【
14、C5】 16 【 C6】 17 【 C7】 18 【 C8】 19 【 C9】 20 【 C10】 20 Last years economy in the United States should have won the Oscar for best picture. Growth in gross domestic product was 4.1 percent profits【 C1】 _up exports flourished and inflation (通货膨胀 ) stayed around 3 percent for the third year. So why did s
15、o many Americans give the picture only a B rating? The answer is jobs. The macroeconomic (宏观经济的 ) situation was good, but the microeconomic (微观经济的 ) numbers were not Yes, 3 million new jobs were there, but not enough of them were【 C2】 _, good jobs paying enough to support a family. Job insecurity wa
16、s serious. Even as they【 C3】 _higher sales and profits, corporations acted as if they were operating at a【 C4】 _, cutting 516,069 jobs in 1994 alone, almost as many as in the bad year of 1991. Yes, unemployment went down. But over 1 million workers were so【 C5】 _they left the labor force. More than
17、6 million who wanted full time work were only partially【 C6】 _and another large group was sheltered behind self-employment. We lost a million good manufacturing jobs between 1990 and 1995, continuing the【 C7】 _that has reduced the blue-collar work force from about 30 percent in the 1950s to about ha
18、lf that today. White-collar workers found out they were no longer【 C8】 _. In 1995, for the first time, they were let go in numbers【 C9】 _equal to those for blue-collar workers. Many turn to【 C10】 _work with lower pay, fewer benefits and less status. All this is a country where people meeting for the
19、 first time say, “What do you do?“ A. announced B. trend C. performed D. temporary E. permanent F. virtually G. technical H. employed I. exposure J. originally K. soared L. significance M. secure N. discouraged O. loss 21 【 C1】 22 【 C2】 23 【 C3】 24 【 C4】 25 【 C5】 26 【 C6】 27 【 C7】 28 【 C8】 29 【 C9】
20、30 【 C10】 大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷 264答案与解析 Section A 【知识模块】 词汇理解 1 【正确答案】 G 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词,表明 continue的状态。由本句的 almost和下一句的 the only difference可知这种情况几乎没有改变,只有 unchanged最合适。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。本句提到的 industries and family businesses,hotels, restaurants等都是小孩受雇的地方,由此可推断空白处应为employment。 【知识模块
21、】 词汇理解 3 【正确答案】 M 【试题解析】 此处应为副词或形容词。词库中没有符合本句句意的形容词,因此答案应从副词中寻找。作者在列举了一系列小孩受雇的地方后,把 farm放在最后是为了强调, particularly就是答案。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 4 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 此处应为动词,可与 from搭配。本文说的是童工问题,工作对童工来说都是折磨,本句中的 labor practices和下一句中的 are forced to都暗示了这一点,因此空白处应为 suffer。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词,修饰 work。从本句
22、Although一词形成的对比关系可以推断,空白处的形容词与主句中的 harmful应为词义色彩相反的单词,词库中只有 light既符合本句的句意,也符合本句要求的词义色彩。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 6 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 此处应为副词,作全句的状语。本句表明童工的 情况现在仍然存在于亚洲,因此答案为 recently。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 7 【正确答案】 I 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。本句中的 overcrowded和 unhealthy都表明童工的工作条件,因此空白处应为表明 “条件 ”的名词,即 conditions。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 8 【正确答案】 O 【
23、试题解析】 此处应为名词。从下一句提到的 The childrenreceive nothing 可以推断本句表明童工的工资付给了他们的父母或年长的亲人,因此 payment是 本题答案。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 9 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。句中提到的 better laws, greater super vision和heavier fines等都表明这些是解决童工问题的方法,因此答案为 solution。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 10 【正确答案】 L 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词,修饰 time一词。本句表明解决了童工问题,儿童就能重获美好的时光,因此空白处应是一个
24、积极意义的形容词,词库中只有valuable符合词性、词义与色彩的 要求。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 【知识模块】 词汇理解 11 【正确答案】 N 【试题解析】 此处需要填一个评论性副词。根据转折语气,在词库中的两个副词中, fortunately比较合适,意为 “所幸的是 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此处需要过去分词,表示 ice-cream所承受的动作, spilt最合适,意为 “溢出,洒落 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此处需要及物动词,且为原形,可以 和 compensation搭配。由此可得出答案为 cla
25、im。 claim compensation意为 “索赔 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 14 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处需要名词,并与 pain并列,由此可知该词表消极意义。根据其后的定语从句 she had suffered,可确定答案为 inconvenience(不便 )。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 15 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 根据前半句的 denied(否认 ),可知此处需要动词的过去式,词义应该与 deny相反。由 此可知答案为 maintained,意为 “坚持认为 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 16 【正确答案】 I 【试题解析】 此空是在 was后面,所以有两
26、种可能性,一种是填形容词,另一种是填动词的被动态,即过去分词形式。词库中的形容词不能构成 beto sth 结构,可排除。动词的过去分词形式中,只有 entitled符合条件。 be entitled to sth意为 “有 的权利 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 17 【正确答案】 K 【试题解析】 根据 did not,可知此处需要动词原 形。 it为形式主语,真实主语是后面的 that从句,故此词可以和 itthat 构成搭配。而 it follows that意为 “由此得出结论 ,因而断定 ” ,显然 follow最为合适。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】
27、 此处需填一个名词,而且和 judge有关,与 make out形成搭配,显然 case最为合适。 make out a case意为 “找到充分的理由 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 19 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此处需填一个名词。 he指 的是上文提到的 the judge。法官一般需要当事人提供的是 “证据 ”,故用 evidence。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 20 【正确答案】 J 【试题解析】 根据 did not和 from,可知此处需要不及物动词原形。符合条件的动词原形有 arise和 derive,且都可以和 from搭配。 arise from意为 “由 引起 ”,而
28、derive from意为 “从 起源 ”。根据上下文,不难发现 arise一词比较合适。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 【知识模块】 词汇理解 21 【正确答案】 K 【试题解析】 此处需填不及物动词,可以和 up构成词组。上下文都在讲经济发展良好,所以该词应表积极意义,词库中符合条件的词是 soared。 soared up意为“高涨,剧增 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 22 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词,与 good并列修饰 jobs。由此可知该词与 good一样表积极意义,可先排除 temporary。词库中符合条件的形容词有 secure和permanent。 secur
29、e不能如此搭配,用法不对; permanent较为合适,表明薪水高的、 稳定持久的工作。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 23 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此处需要及物动词的过去式,作谓语。 Even在这里有转折之意,所以根据主句中的谓语动词 acted(行动,表现 )可知该动词与言语行为有关,由此可知 announced一词比较合适,意为 “宣布 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 24 【正确答案】 O 【试题解析】 此处需填可数名词,能与 at a一起连用。根据句首的 Even,可知此处应该与前面的 higher sales and profits相反,由此很容易确定 loss最为合适。at a
30、loss意为 “亏损 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 25 【正确答案】 N 【试题解析】 此空在 were后面,且由副词 so修饰,所以有两种可能性,一种是形容词,另一种是分词。前文说到失业率下降,此处的形容词是 100多万工人自己离职的原因,由此可确定该词表消极意义。词库中的四个形容词都不合适,而动词的过去分词形式中, discouraged符合条件,意为 “灰心的,丧气的 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 26 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 此空在 were后面, 且由副词 partially修饰,所以为形容词或动词过去分词。上文提到 unemployment下降,联系下文提到的 self-
31、employment,可知此处指 “就业 ”,由此可确定答案为 employed。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 27 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此处需填可数名词。根据其后的 that定语从句,显然 trend最为合适,意为 “趋势,势头 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 28 【正确答案】 M 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词或动词过去分词。上下文都在说工作不稳定,所以答案显 然是 secure(安全的,有安全感的 )。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 29 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处需要副词,修饰 equal to 。比较词库中的两个副词 virtually和 originally,显然 virtually比较合适,意思是 “实际上,事实上 ”。 【知识模块】 词汇理解 30 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此处需要填入形容词。根据破折号后面对 work的解释,可知该词表消极意义。上下文都在说工作不稳定,被裁员,所以可确定答案为temporary(临时的 )。 【知识模块】 词汇理解
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