[外语类试卷]大学英语四级模拟试卷254及答案与解析.doc

1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 254及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Does technological advancement bring more benefits or drawbacks to the world? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 很多人认

2、为技术进步促进了人类社会的发展。 2. 也有很多人持反对意见，认为技术进步给人类带来的问题更多。 3. 谈谈你的看法。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) i

3、f the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Father of the World Wide Web Tim Berners-Lee, who received one million euros ($1.2

4、million) cash prize for creating the World Wide Web, says he would never have succeeded if he had charged money for his inventions. “If I had tried to demand tees, . there would be no World Wide Web,“ Berners-Lee, 49, said on June 5 at a ceremony for winning the first Millennium Technology Prize, aw

5、arded by the Finnish Technology Award Foundation. “There would be lots of small webs,“ the prize committee agreed, citing the importance of Berners-Lees decision never to commercialize or patent his contributions to the Internet technologies he had developed, and recognizing his revolutionary contri

6、bution to humanitys ability to communicate. His creation spun a generation of youthful millionaires and billionaires, lit the spark for the New Economy and paved the way for massive new industries such as e-commerce. Burners-Lee, who is originally from Britain, has mostly avoided both the fame and t

7、he fortune won by many of his Internet colleagues. Despite his prize, he remained modest about his achievements. “I was just taking lots of things that already existed and added a little bit,“ said Berners-Lee, who now runs the standard-setting World Wide Web Consortium from an office at Massachuset

8、ts Institute of Technology. “Building the Web, I didnt do it all myself,“ he said. “The really exciting thing about it is that it was done by lots and lots of people, connected with this tremendous spirit.“ Berners-Lee indeed took concepts that had been well known to engineers since the 1960s, but i

9、t was he who saw the value of marrying them. Pekka Tarjanne, chairman of the prize committee, said “no one doubts who the father of file World Wide Web is, except Berners-Lee himself.“ Finnish President Tarja Halonen presented the biannual (一年两次的 )award, subsidized by the government. The cash prize

10、is among the largest of this kind, and Berners-Lee is the first recipient. The prize committee outlined the award to be given for “an outstanding innovation that directly promotes peoples quality of life, is based on human values and encourages sustainable economic development.“ “Isnt this like a de

11、finition of the World Wide Web?“ Tarjanne asked. Berners-lee first proposed the Web in 1989 while developing ways to control computers remotely at European Laboratory for Particle Physics, the European nuclear research lab near Geneva. He never got the project formally approved, but his boss suggest

12、ed he quietly tinker (摆弄 ) with it anyway. He fleshed out the core communication protocols (草案 ) needed for transmitting Web pages. By Christmas Day in 1990, he finished the first browser, called simply “World Wide Web.“ Although his inventions have under- gone rapid changes since then, the underlyi

13、ng technology is precisely the same. His recent project - which experts say is potentially as revolutionary as the World Wide Web itself - is called the Semantic Web. The project is an attempt to standardize how information is stored on the Internet. “It is an exciting new development that were maki

14、ng,“ he said. In his acceptance speech, Berners-Lee focused on technology as an evolving process that was just in the beginning. “All sorts of things, too long for me to list here, are still out there waiting to be done There are so many new things to make, limited only by our imagination,“ he said.

15、 “And I think its important for anybody whos going through school or college wondering what to do, to remember that now.“ For years, the British scientists colleagues have said that if computer science was a pure science, Mr. Berners-Lee would have merited a Nobel Prize for his invention. He did rec

16、eive a knighthood this year, but for the most part his name remains unknown to the masses who use his creation every day. “His picture belongs up on a wall with Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell,“ said Rick Broad head, a technology consultant and author. “The Web will go down as one of the gre

17、atest innovations of all time. Think of the industries and jobs it has created. It has transformed the worlds economy in a way we cant even begin to imagine.“ The Internet had been in existence for nearly 20 years when Mr. Berners-Lee launched the worlds first website in August, 1991. But the Net wa

18、s little more than a collection of computers connected with cables. It didnt have a means of sharing information between different kinds of computers running different kinds of software. As a young scientist working at CERN in Geneva, Mr. Berners-Lee became sidetracked from his physics work as he so

19、ught a better way to organize and link electronic research documents. His solution was to connect documents and other information using hypertext links. The universal hypertext language he created allows all kinds of computers using all kinds of software to communicate with each other. The invention

20、 could have made him incredibly wealthy, even by Internet standards. But Mr. Berners-Lee never patented his creation, and by leaving it in the public domain he enabled the internet to adopt an open and universal method for sharing information. Many of the entrepreneurs and scientists who did use it

21、became rich. On his own website, he explains why he never sought to cash in: “It was simply that if the technology had been proprietary, and in my total control, it would probably not have taken off. The decision to make the Web an open system was necessary for it to be universal. You cant propose t

22、hat something be a universal space and, at the same time, keep control of it.“ The decision also sat well with his own modest character. “The fame thing I dont like,“ he confessed once. “Theres something very frustrating when you meet somebody at a party and they say, Oh, you invented the World Wide

23、 Web. Suddenly, theyre not talking to you any more.“ Its Berners-Lees world; we just live in it. But youd never get that impression from Sir Tim himself, the man with nary a thought of power or glory, fame or fortune. The computer wizard (奇才 ) dubbed (绰号为 ) the “father of the World Wide Web“ has rec

24、eived a knighthood for services to the Internet. As a Britain citizen, Berners-Lee is able to use the title “Sir Tim“. He said that it never occurred to him that his creation could lead to him receiving a knighthood. The modest, publicity-shy physicist is at pains to point out that he did not invent

25、 the Internet itself and insists he is “quite an ordinary person.“ Berners-Lee was horn in East Sheen, southwest London, in 1955, the eldest child of two mathematicians renowned within the computer industry for their work on Britains first commercial computer, He studied at the Emanuel School in Wan

26、ds worth and went on to read physics at Queens College, Oxford. After graduating with a first-class degree in 1976, he spent several years in Dorset, working for Plessey Telecommunications in Poole, southern England before heading for Switzerland. He wrote the program which would later become the We

27、b for his own private use while working at the CERN. Then Sir Tim went on to write the first Web browser and Web server, both of which he gave away on the Internet in 1991, and the Web was born. While other Internet pioneers went on to. become multi-millionaires, he insisted that his creation should

28、 be free and globally available, nd ha? sought to ensure the Web was never privately owned. He was hailed by Time magazine as one of the top 20 thinkers of the 20(上标 )th Century. He said, “its a great honor. Its a link to Britain for me, which is nice. Links with Britain are very important to me.“ 2

29、 Berners-Lees creation of the World Wide Web has made many young millionaires in the world. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 No one knows who the father of the World Wide Web is, except Berners-lee himself. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Now Berners-Lee is doing a new project which has nothing to do with the Intern

30、et. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Most users of the Internet know clearly that Berners-Lee is the creator of the Website. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Its the universal hypertext language that makes all kinds of computers with different software communicate with each other. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Through Bern

31、ers-Lees invention, all his family members and colleagues have become rich. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Berners-Lee promised that the Website would be never owned by him and would be used by the public freely. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 If Berners-Lee had wanted to make big money by his Website, there woul

32、d be no _. 10 Berners-Lee finished the first browser World Wide Web by _. 11 The Internet is all open and universal method for _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked

33、about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） By subway. （ B） By taxi. （ C） By bus. （ D） In their own c

34、ar. （ A） A speech. （ B） A movie. （ C） A play. （ D） A lecture. （ A） The man doesnt want to repeat what he Mid. （ B） The man has learned a lesson from his car accident. （ C） The man is shy, so he cant drive fast. （ D） The woman cant tolerate the mans attitude. （ A） She doesnt believe he can do it. （ B

35、） She agrees with the man. （ C） She expects to see him soon. （ D） She will go to the library. （ A） He doesnt live in the dormitory any more. （ B） He came back to school this semester. （ C） Hes busy moving into a new room. （ D） He cant talk about it right now. （ A） At a nursery. （ B） In an orchard. （

36、 C） In a grocery store. （ D） In a church. （ A） He wont have to wait much longer. （ B） He was waiting in the wrong place. （ C） The woman was mistaken. （ D） The woman should get another job. （ A） She must learn to understand Johns humor better. （ B） She doesnt appreciate Johns humor. （ C） She enjoys J

37、ohns humor a great deal. （ D） She thinks John is not funny enough. （ A） One. （ B） Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Four. （ A） At the back of the plane. （ B） In the smoking area. （ C） ES, by a window. （ D） ES, at the hack of the plane. （ A） Because something is wrong with the plane. （ B） Because its foggy at th

38、e London airport. （ C） Because of weather problem in Milan. （ D） Because of waiting for a late passenger. （ A） The development of individual time pieces. （ B） Reasons for increased productivity. （ C） How wristwatches are manufactured. （ D） The industrialization of the United States. （ A） They were i

39、nexpensive. （ B） It was fashionable to wear them. （ C） They were a sign of wealth. （ D） It was important to be on time. （ A） watches became less important bemuse factories had clocks. （ B） Watches were of higher quality than ever before. （ C） More clocks were manufactured than watches. （ D） The avai

40、lability of watches increased. （ A） A cup. （ B） An oven. （ C） An egg. （ D） A basket. （ A） A foreign country. （ B） London. （ C） Birmingham. （ D） A different time zone. （ A） More convenient. （ B） More reliable. （ C） Quicker. （ D） Cheaper. （ A） Five and half days a week. （ B） Seven days a week. （ C） Si

41、x and half days a week. （ D） Six days a week. （ A） Customers who dont pay their bills. （ B） Customers who arent polite. （ C） Customers who waste his time. （ D） Customers who often complain. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will he

42、ar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Its performers are from rural areas of the south U.S. （ B） It depicts the sad feelings of country people. （ C） I

43、ts style is influenced by the blues. （ D） It has melodies describing everyday situation of country people. （ A） Country music. （ B） The blues. （ C） Rock music. （ D） Disco music. （ A） There will be exploding development in economy. （ B） There will be moderate growth. （ C） Them will be stagnation actu

44、ally. （ D） There will be no growth at all. （ A） Eight and one half percent. （ B） Nine and one half percent. （ C） Eleven and one half percent. （ D） Seven and one half percent. （ A） Japanese. （ B） Europeans. （ C） Chinese. （ D） Americans. （ A） To fight off unemployment. （ B） To spend less money on cons

45、uming goods. （ C） To put more money in production. （ D） To improve the economic conditions. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the seco

46、nd time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The fa

47、st immigrants who came to New England in the 1600s left their own countries for religious masons. They had religious beliefs different from the 【 B1】_ beliefs of their country, and they wanted to live in a place where they could be free to have their own beliefs. When tiffs new country 【 B2】 _ its i

48、ndependence from Britain in 1776, the 【 B3】 _ of church and state was one of the basic laws for the United States. This 【 B4】 _ of an official national religion and the resultant freedom to believe in whatever one wants has 【 B5】 _ many new immigrants. In the United States, there are examples of eve

49、ry kind of world religion-Buddhist, Islamic, Bahai, to name only a few. But most of the people in the United States fall into one of two 【 B6】 _ -Christian or Jewish. The majority of people in the United States were 【 B7】 _ as Christians. They believe in Christ, or Jesus. They think of Sunday as a holy day and 【 B8】 _ in major groups: Roman Catholicism and Protestantism. A third group, Orthodoxy, is not as common in the United States. 【 B9】 _