[外语类试卷]大学英语四级模拟试卷276及答案与解析.doc

1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 276及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on ability and good appearance in job-hunting. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 在工作中，传统 观点认为能力比相貌更重要 2. 现在有人认为相貌比能力更重要 3. 阐述你的观点 二、 Part II

2、Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (fo

3、r NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Stress Stress is the bodys reaction to any change that requires an adjustment or response. The body reacts to these changes with physical, mental, and emotion

4、al responses. Stress is a normal part of life. Many events that happen to you and around you and many things that you do yourself put stress on your body. You can experience stress from your environment, your body, and your thoughts. How does stress affect health? The human body is designed to exper

5、ience stress and react to it. Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger. Stress becomes negative when a person faces continuous challenges without relief or relaxation between challenges. As a result, the person becomes overworked, and stress-related tension builds. Stress t

6、hat continues without relief can lead to a condition called distress a negative stress reaction. Distress can disturb the bodys internal balance or equilibrium-leading to physical symptoms including headaches, upset stomach, elevated blood pressure, chest pain, and sleeping problems. Research sugges

7、ts that stress also can bring on or worsen certain symptoms or diseases. Stress also becomes harmful when people use alcohol, tobacco, or drugs to try to relieve their stress. Unfortunately, instead of relieving the stress and returning the body to a relaxed state, these substances tend to keep the

8、body in a stressed state and cause more problems. Consider the following facts: Forty-three percent of all adults suffer adverse health effects from stress. Seventy-five to 90% of all doctors office visits are for stress-related ailments (烦恼 ) and complaints. Stress is linked to six of the leading c

9、auses of death, heart disease, cancer, lung ailments, accidents, cirrhosis (硬化 ) of the liver, and suicide. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) declared stress a hazard of the workplace. In terms of lost hours due to absenteeism, reduced productivity and workers compensation ben

10、efits, stress costs American industry more than 300 billion annually. The lifetime prevalence of an emotional disorder is more than 50%, often due to chronic (长期的 ), untreated stress reactions. Whats normal anxiety? The cold sweet of anxiety is that “fight or flight“ response that kept our early rel

11、atives safe from grizzly (灰色的 ) bears and other scary characters; That adrenaline rush still serves us well under certain circumstances. Anxiety is a natural reaction to those very real stresses. In todays world, that reaction helps motivate us, prepares us for things we have to face, and sometimes

12、give us energy to take action when we need to. Big job interview is coming up, and its got you in knots. So. you spend a little more time getting dressed or rehearsing what youre going to say, Youve got an appointment with the divorce lawyer, so you do more homework. That kind of anxiety can motivat

13、e you to do better. It helps you protect yourself. But as we know too well, sometimes it doesnt take a specific threat-only the possibility of crisis-to send humans into anxiety mode. The difficulty comes in learning to tone down that automatic response-to think, “How serious is the danger? How like

14、ly is the threat?“ The thing about anxiety is, it can take on a life of its own. Everything becomes a potential crisis. The unthinkable has happened. So around every corner, theres the next possible disaster. What are symptoms of harmful anxiety? When anxiety is taking a toll, your body knows it. Yo

15、u have trouble sleeping, eating, and concentrating. You get headaches; your stomach is upset. You might even hay6 a panic attack- the pounding heart, a feeling of lightheadedness. Anxiety may also feel like depression. The two sometimes overlap. When anxiety becomes so overwhelming that it interfere

16、s with day-to-day activities-when it keeps you from going places, from doing things you need to do-thats when you need help. Generalized anxiety disorder is a bigger syndrome-like a worry machine inyour head. If its not one thing, its another. Youre procrastinating to the point that youre almost afr

17、aid to take a step. Youre so nervous about going to your childs school to talk to the teacher, you just dont go -you miss the appointment. In the case of such overwhelming anxiety, people are not making good decisions. Theyre avoiding things, or theyre unable to rise to the occasion because the anxi

18、ety is too much. Theyre procrastinating because they cant concentrate, cant stay focused. Its really interfering with their day- to-day life. At that point, they may have a more serious anxiety problem and need professional help. How Can You Cope? To cope with plain-vanilla anxiety, separate out the

19、 real risks and dangers that a situation presents and those your imagination is making worse. Its a twist on the old adage: “Take control of the things you can, and accept those you cant change. Ask yourself: Where can you take control of a situation? Where can you make changes? Then do what needs t

20、o be done. What things do you simply have to accept? Thats very important. Very often, its possible to get past an anxiety cycle with the help of friends or family- someone who can help you sort out your problems. But when anxiety becomes overwhelming, its time for a therapist, or perhaps medication

21、. Here are two strategies that therapists use to help us conquer anxiety: Challenge negative thoughts Ask yourself: Is this a productive thought? Is it helping me get closer to my goal? If its just a negative thought youre rehashing, then you must be able to say to that thought: “Stop.“ Thats diffic

22、ult to do, but its very important. Rather than becoming paralyzed with anxiety, heres another message you can send yourself: “I may have to take a job I dont like as much, may have to travel further than 1 want, but Ill do what I have to do now. At least I will have the security of income in the sho

23、rt term. Then I can look for something better later.“ The most important thing: “to realize when youve done everything you can, that you need to move forward.“ Learn to relax You may even need “breathing retraining“. When people get anxious, they tend to hold their breath. We teach people a special

24、diaphragmatic breathing-it calms your system. Do yoga (瑜伽 ), meditation, or get some exercise. Exercise is a terrific outlet for anxiety. Most of all, try not to compound your problems. When things are bad, there is a legitimate reason to feel bad. But if you dont deal with it, youre going to lose m

25、ore than lust a job youll lose relationships, your self-confidence, you could even lose technical abilities if you stay dormant in your profession. Try not to compound one stress by adding another. Often your ability to work through anxiety-get past it-varies depending on the type of crisis you face

26、d. The more severe, the more surprising it was, the longer its going to take to get over it. You may be on autopilot for several weeks. If youre depressed, that can complicate things. In the case of divorce, it may take months to years to really get back to yourself. But take heart. If youre doing w

27、ell in one aspect of your life-in your work or your relationships-youre probably on your way. Fear and anxiety are no longer running your life. 2 Stress can be positive, keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Seventy-five to 90% of all adults suffer adverse health effect

28、s from stress. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In todays world, anxiety can help motivate us, prepares us for things we have to face, and sometimes give us energy to take action when we need to. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Anxiety and depression sometimes overlap. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 When anxiety is taking

29、a toll, your body doesnt know it. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 If you have a feeling of lightheadedness, youll need professional help. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Exercise is a detestable way for anxiety, （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Its possible to get past an anxiety cycle with the help of friends or family-som

30、eone who can help you_. 10 When people get anxious, they tend to_. 11 Youll lose relationships, your self-confidence, you could even lose technical abilities if you stay_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversa

31、tion, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） He will tell Ma

32、ry how to operate the dishwasher. （ B） He will wash the dishes himself instead. （ C） He will help Bill to translate the manual. （ D） He himself will operate the dishwasher. （ A） 9:20. （ B） 10:20. （ C） 11:20. （ D） 9:40. （ A） She doesnt remember exactly what she said. （ B） She told the man to try to g

33、et more sleep. （ C） She knew the man would benefit from her advice. （ D） She didnt expect the man to listen to her. （ A） Pat came before Martin left. （ B） Martin will meet Pat at the show room. （ C） Martin lives near Pat. （ D） Martin left before Pat arrived. （ A） She talked with the consultant about

34、 the new program until 2. （ B） She couldnt talk to the consultant before 2. （ C） She would talk to the consultant during lunch. （ D） She couldnt contact the consultants secretary. （ A） In a school. （ B） At the post office. （ C） In a courtroom. （ D） In a restaurant. （ A） She hasnt liked the recent we

35、ather. （ B） She has been a little sick. （ C） Shes finally gotten over her fever. （ D） Shes had a lot of bad luck lately. （ A） Boss and secretary. （ B） Dentist and patient. （ C） Passenger and ticket seller. （ D） Patient and nurse. （ A） On his face. （ B） The woman had them. （ C） In the bathroom. （ D）

36、Above the mirror. （ A） His pants. （ B） His wallet. （ C） His boat. （ D） His fishing pole. （ A） Once he wanted to leave without his pants on. （ B） Once he forgot his wedding and went fishing. （ C） Once he forgot his lover and married another woman. （ D） He forgot that he had already man4ed another wom

37、an. （ A） She was a British girl whose parents were working in Qatar. （ B） The hospitals in Qatar were full at that time. （ C） She was the daughter of a doctor in one of the places. （ D） The Qatar doctors were not sure they could cure her. （ A） A doctor in Qatar. （ B） Nurse Maitland. （ C） Dr. Brown.

38、（ D） Agatha Christie. （ A） It is Agatha Christie that finally saved the girls life. （ B） The girl was poisoned by someone. （ C） The nurse is very careful and observant. （ D） The nurse loves Agatha Christies novels very much. （ A） North America. （ B） Most places of the regions of this country. （ C） S

39、ome places of the most northern regions of the U.S.A. （ D） The most northern regions of North America. （ A） A three-bedroom apartment. （ B） A two-bedroom apartment. （ C） A three-bedroom hotel. （ D） A two-bedroom hotel. （ A） He lives in the hotel. （ B） He lives in the same building. （ C） He lives in

40、the first apartment. （ D） He lives on the floor. （ A） The couple could not stop by this evening. （ B） The couple are now living in a hotel. （ C） The couple can surely move in tomorrow. （ D） The woman is not satisfied with the apartment. （ A） TV series. （ B） News broadcasting. （ C） Football game. （ D

41、） A lively talk show. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked

42、A, B, C and D. （ A） Fish-and-chip shops. （ B） Indian restaurants. （ C） Pizza houses. （ D） Public houses. （ A） Bacon and sausages. （ B） Grilled or fried tomatoes. （ C） Mushrooms, eggs, or toast. （ D） Cereal, toast, juice or fruit, and tea or coffee. （ A） He was a Wall Street financier. （ B） He was a

43、congressman. （ C） He did petroleum business. （ D） He began his career in the oil industry. （ A） Economic reason. （ B） Business reason. （ C） Political reason. （ D） Religious reason. （ A） Harvard. （ B） Cambridge. （ C） Yale. （ D） Princeton. （ A） He did not get on well with other students. （ B） He was a

44、 distinguished student. （ C） He liked to participate in campus polities. （ D） He was an average student, but he was popular with his classmates. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for it

45、s general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact

46、words you have just heard or write down the 36 The computer is widely used in all【 B1】 _of society. Today the computer is used in the home, small offices, large【 B2】 _and universities, and for manufacturing【 B3】 _everything a person may think of. It brings about great【 B4】 _and high【 B5】 _, thus,【 B

47、6】 _a vast number of man-hours to be used in other efforts. During the past five【 B7】 _, the computer has been【 B8】 _advanced.【 B9】 _. Personal computers are very common today in high schools, business, mid even in some Chinese families. They are used for many things which were previously done by ha

48、nd. 【 B10】 _. Therefore, the information extracted from the computer is only as good as what people feed into it.【 B11】 _. When manufacturing an engine part by computers, for example, the instructions must be exact, because once improperly tooled, the part may not be useful. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B

49、3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter