[外语类试卷]大学英语四级模拟试卷738及答案与解析.doc

1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 738及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Hobbies. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 1业余爱好的意义 2选择业余爱好的注意事项 3业余爱好的形式 二、 Part II Read

2、ing Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO

3、) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 What Are Tropical Storms? Severe storms spawned in the tropics are known by different names in different parts of the world: hurricanes in the Atlantic and east P

4、acific and typhoons in the northwest Pacific and cyclones in the southwest Pacific and Indian Ocean. These storms originate over tropical waters, close to the equator. If the atmosphere is calm and the water is warmer than about 27C, evaporation forces large amounts of moisture into the air, creatin

5、g a low pressure system. When this water vapour condenses, it releases heat that powers the circular winds that characterize these storms. Rainfall in the developing storm releases more heat, triggering a convection process that pulls more moisture-laden air up through the centre of the system. The

6、storm grows via this feedback mechanism. The strongest winds are found immediately outside the centre, or “eye,“ of the hurricane at ground level. Every one of these systems begins as a tropical depression - a system of thunder storms with an overall circular motion and maximum sustained winds less

7、than 62 km/h. When a storm becomes severe enough and the winds pick up to more than 62 km/h, it is designated a tropical storm, When the winds reach 119 km/h, the system is called a hurricane, typhoon or cyclone. An average of 10 tropical storms develop over the Atlantic Ocean each year, of which ab

8、out six become severe enough to be called hurricanes. Besides strong winds and heavy rain, these hurricanes also create a “storm surge,“ a massive wave beneath the centre of the storm. In the eye of the hurricane, air is sucked upward faster than it can rush in at the bottom. This lowers the atmosph

9、eric pressure under the eye of the storm; as a result, the eye tries to pull at the ocean itself, creating a bulge of water as much as six metres high that moves together with the storm. When is the hurricane season? Hurricane season officially runs from June 1 to November 30, but the most intense s

10、torms mainly occur between mid-August and mid-October. How are hurricanes classified? Tropical storms that get strong enough to be classified as hurricanes are categorized by the intensity of their wind speeds using the Saffir-Simpson scale. Only three Category 5 hurricanes have made landfall in the

11、 U.S. in the past century one that struck the Florida Keys in 1935, Hurricane Camille in 1969, and Hurricane Andrew in 1992. How are tropical storms named? A tropical storm is given a name if its winds reach a speed of 62 kilometres per hour. An international committee has drawn up a list of 126 nam

12、es-half male and half female which are repeated after a six-year cycle. However, if a hurricane causes extensive dam age, its name is retired from use. So far, more than 50 names have been retired, from Hazel in 1954 to Juan in 2003. Memorable hurricanes In August and September 1992, Hurricane Andre

13、w wrought havoc across the Caribbean and Florida. Andrew was an unusual storm-after brewing for several days at low latitudes, it weakened and nearly vanished about 600 km east of Puerto Rico. But the storm regained its strength and moved northward with devastating results. Andrew left 17,000 people

14、 homeless in Florida alone and destroyed or badly damaged 85,000 homes. The storm caused a record $ 26. S billion US in property damage. In 2002 Andrew, initially classified a Force 4, was upgraded to have actually been a Force 5 storm. In November 1998, Hurricane Mitch tore through Central America,

15、 killing as many as 10,000 people and leaving two million homeless in Nicaragua and Honduras. The storms 300 km/h winds and heavy rains caused more than $ 3 billion US in damage more than half the combined gross domestic product of those two countries. Mitch also unleashed deadly landslides, and cau

16、sed the worst flooding in the region in 200 years. In the storms wake, with roads and infrastructure wiped out, thousands of people developed illnesses such as dengue fever, cholera and malaria. Hurricane Hugo swept across the Caribbean and the southeast U.S. in September 1989, leaving a 3,700-kilom

17、etre-long trail of destruction from Guadeloupe to the Carolinas. The storm killed at. least 28 people in the Caribbean, left up to 80,000 homeless and caused $ 2 billion US in damage. In the U. S. , it killed another 11 people and caused more than $ 750 million in damage. The storm sent giant waves

18、crashing onto the U. S. Eastern Seaboard, with a wall of water some five metres in height washing over Charleston, S.C. In September 1996, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, felt the wrath of Hurricane Hortense. The storm brought 120 km/h winds and caused $ 3 million in damages, mostly due to

19、flooding, wind damage and power outages. For Ontarians old enough to remember it, Hurricane Hazel was the storm of a life time-and one of the few to inflict significant damage in central Canada. Hurricane Hazel formed in early October 1954 and crossed the Caribbean and the eastern U. S. before enter

20、ing southern Ontario. The storm left as many as 1,000 dead in Haiti, six more in the Bahamas, another 95 in the U.S. and 81 in the Toronto region Tropical storms and global climate trends While tropical storms seem to follow certain natural cycles, scientists are concerned about the effects of globa

21、l warming and tong-term climate change. On Sept. 15, 1999, the United Nations issued a report predicting that global warming will cause more frequent and more severe tropical storms, floods and tornadoes in the coming century. “We do know that hurricane intensity is directly correlated to how warm t

22、he ocean waters are, says Petersen “And if global warming continues to occur, and this results in warmer water tem peratures, then well see an undeniable signal of stronger hurricanes.“ 2 The passage gives an overview of hurricanes and their history. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Hurricanes in the Atlanti

23、c are different from typhoons and cyclones in Asia. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Most tropical storms do not become hurricanes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 There will not be another Hurricane Andrew in the foreseeable future. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Hurricane Miteh was a Force 5 storm that hit the United Sta

24、tes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Hurricane Hugo was weaker when it hit the United States than when it hit the Caribbean islands. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The United Nations believes that the only way to prevent worse hurricanes is to deal with global warming. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 A _ is one whereby wa

25、ter is released as rainfall, generating heat, and causes water vapour to be pulled into the storm to replace it. 10 Wind speeds generally fall the further you are from the _. 11 A _ is a body of water pulled upwards in the centre of a hurricane. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8

26、 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marke

27、d A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） A plumber. （ B） A salesman. （ C） An electrician. （ D） A telephone repairman. （ A） She didnt like the CDs the man bought. （ B） There wasnt a large selection at the CD store. （ C） The man bought a lot of CDs. （ D） She wanted to see what the ma

28、n bought. （ A） Policeman and driver. （ B） Teacher and pupil. （ C） Policeman and thief. （ D） Director and actress. （ A） The influence of weather on Alfred Stieglitz photography. （ B） Alfred Stieglitz approach to photography. （ C） Photographic techniques common in the early 1900s. （ D） The life of Alf

29、red Stieglitz. （ A） How Alfred Stieglitz contributed to the history of photography. （ B） How to analyze photographic techniques. （ C） How to define photography. （ D） Whether photography is superior to other art forms. （ A） He didnt have the necessary equipment for reproduction. （ B） He didnt want th

30、em to be displayed outside of his home. （ C） He thought the copying process took too long. （ D） He considered each photograph m be unique. （ A） Their oral presentations. （ B） Sinclair Lewis. （ C） American novelists. （ D） American poets. （ A） To inform the woman of the topic of his presentation. （ B）

31、 To explain Sinclair Lewis writing style in detail. （ C） To describe some famous biologists. （ D） To edit a speech for the woman. （ A） Help him to write his speech. （ B） Edit his speech. （ C） Time his speech. （ D） Revise his speech. （ A） At the mans dormitory. （ B） At the hall. （ C） At one classroom

32、. （ D） At the library. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked

33、 A, B, C and D. （ A） To exchange ideas. （ B） To prove their value. （ C） To achieve success in life. （ D） To overcome their fear of silence. （ A） About whatever they have prepared. （ B） About whatever they want to do. （ C） About learning something new. （ D） About getting on well. （ A） To explain why

34、people keep talking. （ B） To persuade people to stop making noises. （ C） To encourage people to join in conversations. （ D） To discuss why people like talking about weather. （ A） T-shirts feel soft and wash well. （ B） T-shirts are smart and comfortable. （ C） T-shirts go well with trousers. （ D） T-sh

35、irts are suitable for evening wear. （ A） The silk T-shirt in white color. （ B） The cotton T-shirt with a slogan or picture. （ C） The nylon T-shirt worn on playground. （ D） The wool T-shirt worn for work. （ A） New technology is being employed. （ B） Advertisements are being widely used. （ C） New desig

36、ns are being adopted. （ D） More synthetic materials are being introduced. （ A） In Victorian times. （ B） In 1969. （ C） In 1979. （ D） It s not clear. （ A） It was opened in the 20th century. （ B） It was built under the busy streets of London. （ C） A lot of workers worked for the Victoria Line. （ D） No

37、one checks and collects the tickets on the platform. （ A） To drive the train. （ B） To stop the train. （ C） To start the train. （ D） To send signals. （ A） The train will stop automatically if no signal is sent from the command spot. （ B） Most of the control work is done by computers not by human bein

38、gs. （ C） Its very safe to travel on the Victoria Line. （ D） Accidents occasionally happen on the Victoria Line. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage

39、is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or writ

40、e down the 31 Department stores are large retail stores selling many different kinds of merchandise arranged in【 B1】 _departments. Such stores are found in nearly every important city in the world, and the large department stores often contain more than 100 separate departments. The two major【 B2】 _

41、of merchandise sold in department stores generally are clothes and home【 B3】 _. The organization of a modem department store is often【 B4】 _because of the large number of goods and services provided. Typically, the operation of a store is conducted through five【 B5】 _divisions. There is the merchand

42、ising division, which is【 B6】 _for the buying and pricing of merchandise. Then there is the sales【 B7】 _division, which controls advertising, display, public relations, and other related matters. Of course, there is the【 B8】 _division, which supervises employment and the training and welfare of empl

43、oyees. Next,【 B9】 _. Finally, there is the finance and control division, which deals with ccounting,customer credit, expense control, and other financial and budgetary(预算的 )matters. Within these five divisions are many subdivisions.【 B10】 _. Nowadays, another kind of store that provides such service

44、 is a mall or a plaza. A mall is a group of stores built as a unit with on-site parking.【 B11】 _. Large malls may also contain such places as hotels, restaurants, libraries, banks, post offices, medical clinics, theaters, and parks. 32 【 B1】 33 【 B2】 34 【 B3】 35 【 B4】 36 【 B5】 37 【 B6】 38 【 B7】 39 【

45、 B8】 40 【 B9】 41 【 B10】 42 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choic

46、e in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 42 Humans consume goods and services for many reasons: to nourish, clothe, and house ourselves, certainly. B

47、ut we also consume as part of a social compact, since each community or social group has standards of dress, food,【 S1】 _, education, and entertainment that influence its patterns of consumption beyond physical【 S2】 _ At its best, consumption is a tool for human development-one that opens opportunit

48、ies for a healthy and【 S3】 _life, with adequate nutrition, employment, mobility, and education. Poverty is【 S4】 _by a lack of consumption, and thus a lack of these opportunities. At the other extreme, wealth can-and often does-lead to【 S5】_levels of material and nonmaterial consumption. In spite of

49、its human benefits, consumption can lead to serious【 S6】 _on ecosystems. Consumption harms ecosystems directly【 S7】 _overharvesting of animals or plants, mining of soil nutrients, or other forms of biological depletion. Ecosystems suffer indirectly through pollution and wastes from agriculture,【 S8】_, and energy use, and also through fragmentation by roads and other infrastructure(基础设施 )that are part of the production and t