[外语类试卷]大学英语四级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷156及答案与解析.doc

1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 156及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of Benefits and Challenges of Online Shopping. And then give a detailed explanation on the particular advantages of online shopping. In the end,

2、 the challenges should also be mentioned. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） Russian army have freed the crew of a shipseized by Somalia pirates. （ B） Danish special forces have captured Somalia pirates on a cargo ship. （ C） Somalia pirates have seized the

3、 crew of a cargo ship. （ D） Danish Special Forces have freed the crew of a cargo ship seized by Somalia pirates. （ A） After the troops arrived. （ B） Before the troops arrived. （ C） When the troops arrived. （ D） After fighting with the troops. （ A） 50. （ B） 90. （ C） 59. （ D） 65. （ A） Sandy hit the ea

4、stern states of America first. （ B） Sandy has claimed fifty-nine lives in New Jersey alone. （ C） Four million people in America were living without electricity. （ D） Residents in Manhattan Island may return to normal use of power on Saturday. （ A） Tony Blair doesnt regret helping the US to remove th

5、e Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. （ B） Tony Blair docs regret helping the US to remove the Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. （ C） Tony Blair hadnt planned to help the US to remove the Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. （ D） Tony Blair didnt help the US to remove the Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein. （ A） 2. （ B） 3. （

6、C） 4. （ D） 5. （ A） Adamant. （ B） Yielding. （ C） Calm. （ D） Flustered. Section B （ A） He has difficulties going on with his research. （ B） He doesnt understand the workplace friendship （ C） He hasnt read any literature. （ D） The literature on this content is complicated. （ A） It is positive. （ B） It

7、is negative. （ C） It has two sides. （ D） The friendship has nothing to do with the workplace. （ A） There is seldom any friendship in the workplace. （ B） People want to be treated with special privileges. （ C） People are softer with others except their friends. （ D） The workplace isnt pleasant for th

8、e friendship. （ A） It is difficult to have friendship in the workplace. （ B） It is difficult to have friendly environment in the organizations. （ C） The organizations are facing the dilemma: creating a friendly workplace and having policies. （ D） It is hard to set policies in organizations. （ A） The

9、 traffic jams in the parking lot. （ B） The noisy music from the neighboring apartment. （ C） The man always gets back his apartment too late. （ D） The thin wall. （ A） Leaky roof. （ B） Thin walls. （ C） Parking places. （ D） Noisy music. （ A） A housewife. （ B） A nurse. （ C） A teacher. （ D） A student. （

10、A） Turn down the music. （ B） Talk with Jimmy. （ C） Design rules. （ D） Fight with Jimmy. Section C （ A） A visit to a prison. （ B） The influence of his father. （ C） A talk with some miserable slaves. （ D） His experience in the war between France and Austria. （ A） He sent surgeons to serve in the army.

11、 （ B） He provided soldiers with medical supplies. （ C） He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded. （ D） He helped to flee the prisoners of war. （ A） All men are created equal. （ B） The wounded and dying should be treated for free. （ C） A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any m

12、edical treatment. （ D） A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of race, religion or political beliefs. （ A） To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war. （ B） To show Switzerland was neutral. （ C） To pay tribute to Switzerland. （ D） To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial

13、support. （ A） To learn the chemical elements in the Ice Age for the last ten thousand years. （ B） To learn the pattern of solar wind activity for the last ten thousand years. （ C） To learn the composition of different trees for the last ten thousand years. （ D） To learn whats being happening on the

14、suns surface for the last ten thousand years. （ A） The lifecycle of trees. （ B） The number of trees. （ C） The intensity of solar burning. （ D） The quality of air. （ A） It affects the growth of trees. （ B） It has been increasing since the Ice Age. （ C） It is determined by the chemicals in the air. （

15、D） It follows a certain cycle. （ A） Facial expression. （ B） Gesture. （ C） Movements of the body. （ D） Non-verbal language. （ A） Because there is large number of vocabulary. （ B） Because the non-verbal languages are not easy to understand. （ C） Because the grammar is too complicated. （ D） Because the

16、re is no language learning environment. （ A） They will think that the child is brave. （ B） They will think that the child is angry. （ C） They will think that the child does not respect the older people. （ D） They will think that the child is uncomfortable. Section A 26 Britain is not just one countr

17、y and one people: even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several【 C1】 _parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural【 C2】_. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to【 C3】 _to “Engl

18、and“ because their inhabitants are not【 C4】 _“English“. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is【 C5】 _to the others. These cultural minorities(少数民族 )have been Britains original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to【

19、C6】 _their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the【 C7】_areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the【 C8】 _of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature t

20、han the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots would rather【 C9】 _about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic【 C10】 _as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such

21、as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few. A)incomprehensible B)temper C)remote D)separate E)understandable F)forget G)generally H)temperament I)preserve J)strictly K)traditions L)reserve M)growth N)apply O)belong 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3

22、】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You ma

23、y choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Endangered Peoples A)Today, it is not distance, but culture that separates the peoples of the world. The central question of our time may be how to

24、 deal with cultural differences. So begins the book, Endangered Peoples, by Art Davidson. It is an attempt to provide understanding of the issues affecting the worlds native peoples. This book tells the stories of 21 tribes, cultures, and cultural areas that are struggling to survive. It tells each

25、story through the voice of a member of the tribe .Mr. Davidson recorded their words. Art Wolfe and John Isaac took pictures of them. The organization called the Sierra Club published the book. B)The native groups live far apart in North America or South America, Africa or Asia. Yet their situations

26、are similar. They are fighting the march of progress in an effort to keep themselves and their cultures alive. Some of them follow ancient ways most of the time. Some follow modern ways most of the time. They have one foot in ancient world and one foot in modern world. They hope to continue to balan

27、ce between these two worlds. Yet the pressures to forget their traditions and join the modern world may be too great. C)Rigoberta Menchu of Guatemala, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, offers her thoughts in the beginning of the book Endangered Peoples. She notes that many people claim that nati

28、ve people are like stories from the past. They are ruins that have died. She disagrees strongly. She says native communities are not remains of the past. They have a future, and they have much wisdom and richness to offer the rest of the world. D)Art Davidson traveled thousands of miles around the w

29、orld while working on the book. He talked to many people to gather their thoughts and feelings. Mr. Davidson notes that their desires are the same. People want to remain themselves, he says. They want to raise their children the way they were raised. They want their children to speak their mother to

30、ngue, their own language. They want them to have their parents values and customs. Mr. Davidson says the peoples cries are the same: “Does our culture have to die? Do we have to disappear as a people? “ E)Art Davidson lived for more than 25 years among native people in the American state of Alaska.

31、He says his interest in native peoples began his boyhood when he found an ancient stone arrowhead. The arrowhead was used as a weapon to hunt food. The hunter was an American Indian, long dead. Mr. Davidson realized then that Indians had lived in the state of Colorado, right where he was standing. A

32、nd it was then, he says, that he first wondered: “Where are they? Where did they go? “He found answers to his early question. Many of the native peoples had disappeared. They were forced off their lands. Or they were killed in battle. Or they died from diseases brought by new settlers. Other native

33、peoples remained, but they had to fight to survive the pressures of the modern world. F)The Gwichin are an example of the survivors. They have lived in what is now Alaska and Canada for 10,000 years. Now about 5,000 Gwichin remain. They are mainly hunters. They hunt the caribou, a large deer with bi

34、g horns that travels across the huge spaces of the far north. For centuries, they have used all parts of the caribou: the meat for food, the skins for clothes, the bones for tools. Hunting caribou is the way of life of the Gwichin. G)One Gwichin told Art Davidson of memories from his childhood. It w

35、as a time when the tribe lived quietly in its own corner of the world. He spoke to Mr. Davidson in these words: “Aslong as I can remember, someone would sit by a fire on the hilltop every spring and autumn. His job was to look for caribou. If he saw a caribou, he would wave his arms or he would make

36、 hisfire to give off more smoke. Then the village would come to life! People ran up to the hilltop. The tribes seemed to be at its best at these gatherings. We were all filled with happiness and sharing!“ H)About ten years ago, the modern world invaded the quiet world of the Gwichin. Oil companies w

37、anted to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. This area was the placewhere the caribou gave birth to their young. The Gwichin feared the caribou would disappear. One Gwichin woman describes the situation in these words: “Oil development threatens the caribou. If the caribou are th

38、reatened, then the people are threatened. Oil company official and American lawmakers do not seem to understand. They do not come into our homes and share our food. They have never tried to understand the feeling expressed in our songs and our prayers.They have not seen the old people cry. Our elder

39、s have seen parts of our culture destroyed. They worry that our people may disappear forever. “ I)A scientist with a British oil company dismisses(驳回 , 打消 )the fears of the Gwichin. He also says they have no choice. They will have to change. The Gwichin, however, are resisting. They took legal actio

40、n to stop the oil companies. But they won only a temporary ban on oil development in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. Pressures continue on other native people, as Art Davidson describes in his book. The pressures come from expanding populations, dam projects that flood tribal lands, and polit

41、ical and economic conflicts threaten the culture, lands, and lives of such groups as the Quechua of Peru, the Malagasy of Madagascar and the Ainu of Japan. J)The organization called Cultural Survival has been in existence for 22 years. It tries to protect the rights and cultures of peoples throughou

42、t the world. It has about 12,000 members. And it receives help from a large number of students who work without pay. Theodore MacDonald is director of the Cultural Survival Research Center. He says the organization has three main jobs. It does research and publishes information. It works with native

43、 people directly. And it creates markets for goods produced by native communities. K)Late last year, Cultural Survival published a book called State of the Peoples: a Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger. The book contains reports from researchers who work for Cultural Survival, from ex

44、perts on native peoples, and from native peoples themselves. The book describes the conditions of different native and minority groups. It includes longer reports about several threatened societies, including the Penan of Malaysia and the Anishinabe of North American. And it provides the names of or

45、ganizations similar to Cultural Survival for activists, researchers and the press. L)David Maybury-Lewis started the Cultural Survival organization. Mr. Maybury-Lewis believes powerful groups rob native peoples of their lives, lands, or resources. About 6,000 groups are left in the world. A native g

46、roup is one that has its own langue. It hasa long-term link to a homeland. And it has governed itself. Theodore MacDonald says Cultural Survival works to protect the rights of groups, not just individual people. He says the organization would like to develop a system of early warnings when these rig

47、hts are threatened .Mr. MacDonald notes that conflicts between different groups within a country have been going on forever and will continue. Such conflicts, he says, cannot be prevented. But they do not have to become violent. What Cultural Survival wants is to help set up methods that lead to pea

48、ceful negotiations of traditional differences. These methods, he says, are a lot less costly than war. 37 Rigoberta Menchu, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, writes preface for the book Endangered Peoples. 38 The book Endangered Peoples contents not only words, but also pictures. 39 Art Davidson

49、s initial interest in native people was aroused by an ancient stone arrowhead he found in his childhood, which was once used by an American Indian hunter. 40 The native groups are trying very hard to balance between the ancient world and the modern world. 41 By talking with them, Art Davidson finds that the native people throughout the world desire to remain themselves. 42 Most of the Gwichin are hunters, who live on hunting caribou. 43 Cultural Survival is an organization which aims at protecting the rights and cultur