[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷127及答案与解析.doc

1、考博英语模拟试卷 127及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The doctors _ is that shell soon be as good as new if she takes insulin and watches her diet. （ A） agnosticism （ B） anticipation （ C） diagnosis （ D） prognosis 2 It is _ understood by all concerned that the word no one who visits him ever breathe a syl

2、lable of in his hearing will remain forever unspoken. （ A） uncommunicatively （ B） acceptably （ C） tacitly （ D） taciturnly 3 _ springs not out of true and deep admiration, but more often out of a self-seeking wish to identify with someone important or famous. （ A） A compliment （ B） An adulatory （ C）

3、Flattery （ D） Praise 4 Leaving for work in plenty of time to catch the train will _ worry about being late. （ A） rule off （ B） prevent （ C） avoid （ D） obviate 5 Nicholas Chauvin, a French soldier, aired his veneration of Napoleon Bonaparte so _ and unceasingly that he became the laughingstock of all

4、 people in Europe. （ A） vociferously （ B） patriotically （ C） verbosely （ D） loquaciously 6 People suffering from _ prefer to stay shut in their homes and become panic-stricken in large public buildings and open fields. （ A） acrophobia （ B） agoraphobia （ C） claustrophobia （ D） xenophobia 7 All normal

5、 human beings are _ at least to a degree -they get a feeling of warmth and kinship from engaging in group activities. （ A） segregated （ B） congregational （ C） gregarious （ D） egregious 8 He is _ drinker, who has been imbibing for so long that he has figuratively speaking, grown old with the vice. （

6、A） an inveterate （ B） an incorrigible （ C） a chronic （ D） an unconscionable 9 We listened dumb-struck, full of _ to the shocking details of the corruption of the ex-president of the company. （ A） incredulity （ B） ingenuity （ C） ingenuousness （ D） incredibility 10 Too much _ can possibly lead to unha

7、ppiness, even to thoughts of suicide as few people have the courage to analyze themselves objectively and minutely. （ A） retrospect （ B） introspection （ C） perspicacity （ D） perspicuity 11 Hydrocarbons, _ by engine exhausts, react with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight to form complex toxi

8、c gases. （ A） are given off （ B） give off （ C） they are given off （ D） given off 12 He could hardly _ his temper when he saw the state of his office. （ A） hold in （ B） hold up （ C） hold off （ D） hold out 13 The statesman was evidently _ by the journalists questions and glared at him for a few second

9、s. （ A） put down （ B） put out （ C） put across （ D） put away 14 _, it is widely used in making flares and fireworks. （ A） As the brilliant white light that burning magnesium produces （ B） Because of the brilliant white light of burning magnesium （ C） The brilliant white light of burning magnesium （ D

10、） Burning magnesium produces a brilliant white light 15 _ to tell us that the interest of the individual should be subordinate to that of the collective? （ A） Were you used （ B） Are you used （ C） Did you use （ D） Do you used 16 I would have gone to the lecture with you _ I was so busy. （ A） except t

11、hat （ B） provided that （ C） but that D, only that 17 The detective watched and saw the suspect _ a hotel at the corner of the street. （ A） getting off the taxi and walking into （ B） got off the taxi and walked into （ C） get off the taxi and walk into （ D） got off the taxi to walk into 18 The child i

12、s _ all the evidence for his opinion. （ A） not encouraged either to be critical or to examine （ B） encouraged either to be critical nor to examine （ C） either encouraged to be critical or to examine （ D） neither encouraged to be critical nor to examine 19 To be sure, there would be scarcely no time

13、left over for other things if school children _ all sides of every matter on which they hold opinions. （ A） would have been expected to have considered （ B） were expected to consider （ C） will be expected to have been considered （ D） were expected to have considered 20 Whenever work is being done, e

14、nergy _ from one form into another. （ A） converts （ B） converted （ C） is converted （ D） is being converted 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would

15、make sound personal health choice based upon current medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that

16、may concern our health. If we so desire, we can smoke, drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever foods we want, and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise. The freedom to make much personal decision is a fundamental aspect of our society, although the wisdom of

17、these decisions can be questioned. Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty. As one example, a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors, bot

18、h inherited and environmental, influence the development of health-related behaviors, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual. However, the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choice. T

19、here are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices. In discussing the morals of personal choice, Fries and Crapo drew a comparison. They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide. Thus, for t

20、hose individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life, personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with a statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity. 21 The concept of personal choice concerning health is important bec

21、ause _. （ A） personal health choices help cure most illnesses （ B） it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge （ C） it is essential to personal freedom in American society （ D） wrong decisions could lead to poor health 22 To “live a completely sedentary life-style“ (Line 8, Paragraph 1 ) in th

22、e passage means _. （ A） to “live an inactive life“ （ B） to “live a decent life“ （ C） to “live a life with complete freedom“ （ D） to “live a life of vice“ 23 Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because _. （ A） current medical knowledge is still insufficient （ B） there are many fac

23、tors influencing our decisions （ C） few people are willing to trade the quality of life for the quantity of life （ D） people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends 24 To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to _. （ A） improving the qualit

24、y of ones life （ B） limiting ones personal health choice （ C） deliberately ending ones life （ D） breaking the rules of social behavior 25 According to Fries and Crapo sound health choice should be based on _. （ A） personal decisions （ B） societys laws （ C） statistical evidence （ D） friends opinions

25、25 As the twentieth century began, the importance of formal education in the United States increased. The frontier had mostly disappeared and by 1910 most Americans lived in towns and cities. Industrialization and the bureaucratization of economic life combined with a new emphasis upon credentials a

26、nd expertise to make schooling increasingly important for economic and social mobility. Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society. The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the centu

27、ry coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling. By 1920 schooling to age fourteen or beyond was compulsory in most states, and the school year was greatly lengthened. Kindergartens, vacation schools, extracurricular activities, and vocational education and counseling

28、extended the influence of public schools over the lives of students, many of whom in the larger industrial cities were the children of immigrants. Classes for adult immigrants were sponsored by public schools, corporations, unions, churches, settlement houses, and other agencies. Reformers early in

29、the twentieth century suggested that education programs should suit the needs of specific population. Immigrant women were one such population. Schools tried to educate young women so they could occupy productive places in the urban industrial economy, and one place many educators considered appropr

30、iate for women was the home. 26 It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that one important factor in the increasing importance of education in the United States was _. （ A） the growing number of schools in frontier communities （ B） an increase in the number of trained teachers （ C） the expanding economi

31、c problems of schools （ D） the increased urbanization of the entire country 27 The phrase“ coincided with“ in line 8 is closest in meaning to _. （ A） was influenced by （ B） happened at the same time as （ C） began to grow rapidly （ D） ensured the success of 28 According to the passage, one important

32、change in United States education by the 1920s was that _. （ A） most places required children to attend school （ B） the amount of time spent on formal education was limited （ C） new regulations were imposed on nontraditional education （ D） adults and children studied in the same classes 29 Vacation

33、schools and extracurricular activities are mentioned in lines 11 12 to illustrate _. （ A） alternatives to formal education provided by public schools （ B） the importance of education changes （ C） activities that competed to attract new immigrants to their programs （ D） the increased impact of public

34、 schools on students 30 According to the passage, early-twentieth-century education reformers believed that _. （ A） different groups needed different kinds of education （ B） special programs should be set up in frontier communities to modernize them （ C） corporations and other organizations damaged

35、educational progress （ D） more women should be involved in education and industry 30 In the early clays of the United States, postal charges were paid by the recipient and charges varied with the distance carried. In 1825, the United States Congress permitted local postmasters to give letters to mai

36、l carriers for home delivery, but these carriers received no government salary and their entire compensation on what they were paid by the recipients of individual letters. In 1847 the United States Post Office Department adopted the idea of a postage stamp, which of course simplified the payment fo

37、r postal service but caused grumbling by those who did not like to prepay. Besides, the stamp covered only delivery to the post office and did not include carrying it to a private address. In Philadelphia, for example, with a population of 150000, people still had to go to the post office to get the

38、ir mail. The confusion and congestion of individual citizens looking for their letters was itself enough to discourage use of the mail. It is no wonder that, during the years of these cumbersome arrangements, private letter-carrying and express businesses developed. Although their activities were on

39、ly semilegal, they thrived, and actually advertised that between Boston and Philadelphia they were a half-day speedier than the government mail. The government postal service lost volume to private competition and was not able to handle efficiently even the business it had. Finally, in 1863, Congres

40、s provided that the mail carriers who delivered the mail from the post offices to private addresses should receive a government salary, and that there should be no extra charge for that delivery. But this delivery service was at first confined to cities, and free home delivery became a mark of urban

41、ism. As late as 1887, a town had to have 10000 people to be eligible for free home delivery. In 1890, of the 75 million people in the United States, fewer than 20 million had mail delivered free to their doors. The rest, nearly three-quarters of the population, still received no mail unless they wen

42、t to their post office. 31 What does the passage mainly discus? （ A） The increased use of private mail services. （ B） The development of a government postal system. （ C） A comparison of urban and rural postal services. （ D） The history of postage stamps. 32 The word “varied“ in line 2 could best be

43、replaced by _. （ A） increased （ B） differed （ C） returned （ D） started 33 Which of the following was seen as a disadvantage of the postage stamp? （ A） It had to be purchased by the sender in advance. （ B） It increased the cost of mail delivery. （ C） It was difficult to affix to letters. （ D） It was

44、easy to counterfeit. 34 The private postal services of the nineteenth century claimed that they could do which of the following better than the government ? （ A） Deliver a higher volume of mail. （ B） Deliver mail more cheaply. （ C） Deliver mail faster. （ D） Deliver mail to rural areas. 35 In 1863 th

45、e United States government began providing which of the following to mail carriers? （ A） A salary. （ B） Housing. （ C） Transportation. （ D） Free postage stamps. 三、 Cloze 35 For【 36】 the bloodshed and tragedy of D-Day, the beaches of Normandy will always evoke a certain【 37】 : a yearning for a time wh

46、en nations in the civilized world buried their differences and combined to oppose absolute evil, when values seemed clearer and the terrible consequences of war stopped【 38】 of the annihilation of humanity. But over half a century after the allies hit those wavebattered sand flats and towering cliff

47、s, the Normandy invasion stands as a feat【 39】 to be repeated. There will never be【 40】 D-Day. Technology has changed the conditions of warfare in ways that none of the D-Day participants could have【 41】 . All-out war in the beginnings of this century would surely spell all-out【 42】 for the belliger

48、ents, and possibly for the entire human race. No credible scenario for a future world war would allow time for the massive buildup of conventional forces that occurred in the 1940s. The moral equivalent of the Normandy invasion in the nuclear age would involve a presidential decision to put teas of

49、millions of American lives at.【 43】 . And the possible benefits for the allies would be uncertain at best. European defense experts often ask whether the U.S. would be willing to “trade Pittsburgh for Dusseldorf“. In practice, the question may well be whether it is worth【 44】 American cities to avenge a Europe already【 45】 to rubble. 考博英语模拟试卷 127答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 【正确答案】 D 2 【正确答案】 C 3 【正确答案】 C 4 【正确答案】 D 5