[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷187及答案与解析.doc

1、考博英语模拟试卷 187及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The professors wife was in the kitchen preparing a salad and _ cold meat into neat thin pieces. （ A） sawing （ B） slitting （ C） slicing （ D） splitting 2 Occasionally I read a passage or sentence over and over just to let the beauty of its construction

2、_ in. （ A） soak （ B） fall （ C） suck （ D） stick 3 Grain production in the world is _, but still millions go hungry. （ A） staggering （ B） shrinking （ C） soaring （ D） suspending 4 A _ to this problem is expected to be found before long. （ A） result （ B） response （ C） settlement （ D） solution 5 The repo

3、rter refused to name the _ of his information. （ A） basis （ B） origin （ C） root （ D） source 6 Pine trees, of which them am almost one hundred _, are found throughout the North Temperate Zone. （ A） species （ B） differences （ C） similarities （ D） standards 7 Already the class is _ about who our new te

4、acher will be. （ A） foreseeing （ B） contemplating （ C） speculating （ D） fabricating 8 Theres a whole of bills waiting to be paid. （ A） stock （ B） stack （ C） number （ D） sequence 9 All the parts of these washing machines are _, so that it is very convenient tO replace them. （ A） normalized （ B） moder

5、nized （ C） mechanized （ D） standardized 10 Even when textbooks are _ through a school system, methods of teaching may vary greatly. （ A） commonplace （ B） standardized （ C） competitive （ D） generalized 11 As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both _ targets and moving targets. （ A） stand

6、ing （ B） stationary （ C） still （ D） stable 12 Stephen gripped the _ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down. （ A） stirring （ B） driving （ C） steering （ D） revolving 13 You cant afford to let the situation get worse. You must take _ to put it right. （ A） decisions （ B） directions （ C） sides （ D） st

7、eps 14 He was wet to the skin, his whole body was _ and trembling. （ A） stiff （ B） straight （ C） steady （ D） hard 15 Parts of the hard-working Wisconsin River _; its fish have a sulphurous odor. （ A） stink （ B） damp （ C） junk （ D） foul 16 He is always here. Its _ youve never met him. （ A） unique （ B

8、） strange （ C） rare （ D） peculiar 17 Competition, they believe, _ the national character rather than corrupts it. （ A） enforces （ B） confirms （ C） intensifies （ D） strengthens 18 Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, _ themselves. （ A） expanding （ B） stretching

9、（ C） prolonging （ D） extending 19 Newborn calves had eye infections and _ their heads blindly on the bum wails. （ A） struck （ B） bewildered （ C） besieged . （ D） battled 20 My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I _ at a garage sale. （ A） trifled with （ B） scraped

10、 through （ C） stumbled upon （ D） thirsted for 21 Astronauts are _ all kinds of tests before they are actually sent up in a spacecraft. （ A） inclined to （ B） subjected to （ C） prone to （ D） bound to 22 Competitors for the painting competition must _ their entries by Friday. （ A） give （ B） offer （ C）

11、grant （ D） submit 23 He is holding a _ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon. （ A） subordinate （ B） succeeding （ C） successive （ D） subsequent 24 To keep with the new developments in this field he _ to a number of journals concerned with it. （ A） subscribed （ B） prescribed （ C） sub

12、sidized （ D） substituted 25 There is a _ difference in meaning between the words “surroundings“ and “environment“. （ A） gentle （ B） subtle （ C） feeble （ D） humble 26 We are glad to inform you that your application for a post in our school has been _. （ A） succeeded （ B） successful （ C） succeeding （

13、D） successive 27 When trapped in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be _ in deeper. （ A） absorbed （ B） pushed （ C） heaved （ D） sucked 28 The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have _ supplies of petroleum. （ A） proficient （ B） efficient （ C） potential （ D） suffi

14、cient 29 Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists. （ A） motivation （ B） perspective （ C） impression （ D） impact 30 A friendship may be _, casual, situational, or deep and lasting. （ A） identical （ B） original （ C

15、） superficial （ D） critical 31 The _ of these good to the others is easy to see. （ A） prestige （ B） superiority （ C） priority （ D） publicity 32 If you dont _ the children properly, Mr. Chiver, theyll just run riot. （ A） warrant （ B） supervise （ C） mobilize （ D） manipulate 33 _ his sister, Jack is qu

16、iet and does not easily make friends with others. （ A） Dislike （ B） Unlike （ C） Alike （ D） Liking 34 In previous times, when fresh meat was in short _, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food. （ A） store （ B） provision （ C） reserve （ D） supply 35 Hes watching TV? Hes _ to be cleanin

17、g his room. （ A） know （ B） supposed （ C） regarded （ D） considered 36 Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire, we can report that the rebellion has in the main been _. （ A） canceled （ B） destroyed （ C） suppressed （ D） restrained 37 I never trusted him because I always thought of him as suc

18、h a _ character. （ A） gracious （ B） suspicious （ C） unique （ D） particular 38 The branches could hardly _ the weight of the fruit. （ A） retain （ B） sustain （ C） maintain （ D） remain 39 The number of old people is to _ in the new century. （ A） swell （ B） switch （ C） sweep （ D） swing 40 Many people li

19、ke the color white as it is a _ of purity. （ A） symbol （ B） sign （ C） signal （ D） symptom 二、 Cloze 40 Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and winch is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers leaning the language. It is also the variety which is nor

20、mally【 71】 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other【 72】 situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has【 73】 in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial【 74】 ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants. 【 75

21、】 , the standard variety of English is based on the London【 76】 of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one【 77】 by the educated, and it was developed and promoted【 78】 a model, or norm, for wider and

22、 wider segments of society. It was also the【 79】 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today,【 80】 English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are【 81】 the same everywhere in the world where English is used;【 82】among local standards is re

23、ally quite minor,【 83】 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties have very【 84】 difference from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are【 85】 . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous【 86】 on all local varieties, to the extent that many long-established dia

24、lects of England have【 87】 much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be【 88】 . This latter situation is not unique【 89】 English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are【 90】 . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike s

25、ome kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的 ) ones. （ A） said （ B） told （ C） talked （ D） spoken （ A） same （ B） similar （ C） equal （ D） identical （ A） anything （ B） something （ C） nothing （ D） everything （ A） language （ B） vocabulary （ C） idioms （ D） words （ A） Su

26、rprisingly （ B） Historically （ C） Interestingly （ D） Generally （ A） accent （ B） pronunciation （ C） spelling （ D） dialect （ A） preferred （ B） learned （ C） praised （ D） created （ A） to （ B） in （ C） as （ D） for （ A） basis （ B） norm （ C） rule （ D） variety （ A） formal （ B） colloquial （ C） non-standard （

27、D） standard （ A） not （ B） very （ C） much. （ D） hardly （ A） variation （ B） standardization （ C） unification （ D） transformation （ A） there fore （ B） but （ C） so that （ D） nevertheless （ A） great （ B） much （ C） no （ D） little （ A） talked （ B） concerned （ C） mentioned （ D） involved （ A） press （ B） pres

28、sure （ C） power （ D） force （ A） lost （ B） gained （ C） missed （ D） got （ A） abandoned （ B） changed （ C） standardized （ D） reformed （ A） in （ B） of （ C） for （ D） to （ A） in the way （ B） under way （ C） out of the way （ D） all the way 三、 Reading Comprehension 60 A study by scientists in Finland has foun

29、d that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec (魁北克 ), said more research was needed to determine the s

30、eriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finlands Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. “We know that ther

31、e is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,“ Leszczynski said. Nonetheless, the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific

32、journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brains protective shield against harmful substances. The Study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, wh

33、ich prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity co

34、uld make the shield more permeable(能透过的 ), he said. “Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink not the blood vessels but the cells themselves and then tiny gaps could appear between those cells through which some molecules could pass,“ he said. Leszczynski declined to speculate on what

35、kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. “These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort,“ he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimers diseas

36、e. “Where the truth is, I do not know,“ he said. Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use. 61 According to Leszczynski, how does a mobile phone affect ones health? （ A） M

37、obile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such activities can make the brains protective shield more permeable. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent blood from flowing smoothly. （ C） Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it. （ D

38、） Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells. 62 Whats the result of the French study? （ A） The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening. （ B） Mobile phone radiation may affect ones normal way of thinking. （ C） Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation. （ D） A protein called h

39、sp27 is activated by mobile phone radiation. 63 What kind of disease is not related to the use of mobile phones? （ A） Fatigue. （ B） Headache. （ C） Alzheimers disease. （ D） Tuberculosis. 64 According to the passage, what may be the future of the use of mobile phones? （ A） People will be forbidden to

40、use mobile phones. （ B） People dare not use a mobile phone because of its radiation. （ C） People will continue to use mobile phones. （ D） There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phones. 65 Which of the following is NOT tree according to the passage? （ A） The research in Finland found tha

41、t mobile phone radiation will affect ones brain. （ B） Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells. （ C） Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink. （ D） Lszczynski forbid his wife and children to use mobile phones after his research. 65 To u

42、nderstand how astrology works, we should first take a quick look at the sky. Although file stars are at enormous distances, they do indeed give the impression of being affixed to the inner surface of a great hollow sphere surrounding the earth. Ancient people, in fact, literally believed in the exis

43、tence of such a celestial sphere. As the earth spins on its axis, the celestial sphere appears to turn about us each day, pivoting at points on a line with the earths axis of rotation. This daily turning of the sphere carries the stars around the sky, causing most of them to rise and set, but they,

44、and constellations they define, maintain fixed patterns on the sphere, just as the continent of Australia maintains its shape on a spinning globe of the earth. Thus the stars were called fixed stars. The motion of the sun along the ecliptic is, of course, merely a reflection of the revolution of the

45、 earth around the sun, but the ancients believed the earth was fixed and the sun had and independent motion of its own, eastward among the stars. The glare of sunlight hides the stars in daytime, but the ancients were aware that the stars were up there even at night, and the slow eastward motion of

46、the sun around the sky, at the rate of about thirty degrees each month, caused different stars to be visible at night at different times of the year. The moon, revolving around the earth each month, also has an independent motion in the sky. The moon, however, changes it position relatively rapidly.

47、 Although it appears to rise and set each day, as does nearly everything else in the sky, we can see the moon changing position during as short an interval as an hour or so. The moons path around the earth lies nearly in the same plane as the earths path around the sun, so the moon is never seen ver

48、y far from the ecliptic in the sky. There are five other objects visible to the naked eye that also appear to move in respect to the fixed background of stars on the celestial sphere. These are the planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. All of them revolve around the sun in nearly the sa

49、me plane as the earth does, so they, like the moon, always appear near the ecliptic. Because we see the planets from the moving earth, however, they behave in a complicated way, with their apparent motions on the celestial sphere reflecting both their own independent motions around the sun and our motion as well. 66 The ancient people believed that _. （ A） the earth was sp