1、考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 54及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Mr. White_ for the teacher who was in hospital. ( A) served ( B) substituted ( C) placed ( D) replaced 2 I think Im safe in saying that he will _me as full Director. ( A) succeed ( B) follow ( C) inherit ( D) pursue 3 They have had a good harve
2、st for three years in_. ( A) line ( B) end ( C) row ( D) succession 4 He underwent four_operations in two weeks. ( A) consistent ( B) relative ( C) successive ( D) respective 5 He had wanted a 25 % raise in pay, but after talking to his boss, he decided that a 5 % raise would have to_.(2002年中国人民大学考博
3、试题 ) ( A) suffice ( B) satisfy ( C) gratify ( D) delight 6 I believe reserves of coal here are _ to last for fifty years. ( A) efficient ( B) sufficient ( C) persistent ( D) rich 7 “Thats a very good _ youve just put forward,“ said Prof. Smith. ( A) advice ( B) information ( C) description ( D) sugg
4、estion 8 It would be political _ to admit bankruptcy of its policies. ( A) challenge ( B) ignorance ( C) suicide ( D) naivety 9 Do you think this present is _ for a little boy? ( A) super ( B) suitable ( C) sufficient ( D) tough 10 He hastily packed his clothes in his _ before setting out on the tri
5、p. ( A) bag ( B) kit ( C) suitcase ( D) briefcase 11 It is impossible to _ this battle, for it raged for six months. ( A) imagine ( B) explain ( C) predict ( D) summarize 12 A friendship may be_, casual, situational or deep and lasting. ( A) identical ( B) superficial ( C) critical ( D) original 13
6、Its my firm belief that socialist system is_to all other social systems. ( A) advantageous ( B) super ( C) superior ( D) beneficial 14 There is no doubt that the_ of these goods to the others is easy to see.(2005年电子科技大学考博试题 ) ( A) prestige ( B) superiority ( C) priority ( D) publicity 15 In addition
7、 to rice, we need to _ our diet with fish, meat and vegetable. ( A) replace ( B) supplement ( C) replenish ( D) mix 16 He was _ to be a college graduate but he knew nothing about history. ( A) supposed ( B) regarded ( C) described ( D) assumed 17 These people actively try to_ what they believe to be
8、 bad English and assiduously cultivate what they hope to be good English.(2004年中国社会科学院考博试题 ) ( A) suppress ( B) regress ( C) enhance ( D) revive 18 Hearing the news, she could feel anger_inside her.(2013年 10月中国科学院考博试题 ) ( A) stumbling ( B) staggering ( C) twisting ( D) surging 19 Our students educat
9、ional achievernents equal, and in many cases _, those of students in previous years.(2006年厦门大学考博试题 ) ( A) surpass ( B) advance ( C) increase ( D) multiply 20 You should get rid of some of your _ fat by taking more exercise. ( A) additional ( B) complementary ( C) useless ( D) surplus 21 Both a perso
10、ns heredity and his environment help to shape his character.(2003年电子科技大学考博试题 ) ( A) relative ( B) education ( C) nationality ( D) surroundings 22 This _ was conducted to find out how many people prefer rice. ( A) examination ( B) survey ( C) inspection ( D) test 23 Crocodiles are _ from the age of d
11、inosaurs. ( A) survivals ( B) survivors ( C) remains ( D) remnants 24 Only one little boy _ the plane crash; everyone else was killed. ( A) escaped ( B) survived ( C) submitted ( D) succeeded 25 The two men were _ of receiving stolen property. ( A) charged ( B) suspected ( C) informed ( D) doubted 考
12、博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 54答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 substitute(for)v.用 代替;代替,取代 (如: Her brother substituted as host while her husband was away He substituted for the worker who was ill )。 serve(as)vi用作,当作,权当 用。 place vt放。 replace vt替换,取代;把 放回原处 (replace A by with B)。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题
13、解析】 succeed vt接替,接 之后 (如: John Adams succeeded Washington as president Elizabeth succeeded Mary to the throne )。 follow vt跟在 后面。 inherit vt继承 (注: inherit以人作主语,以遗产、官衔、父母的品质或特点等名词作宾语 )。 pursue vt追赶,追踪;追求,从事。 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 succession n连续,接续:接替,继任 (in succession连,一个接一个; have a succession of misfortu
14、nes: in succession tothe throne继承 王位 :have succession to继承 )。 be in line排成一行 (be in line for下面该轮到; in line with(表语 )符合,与 一致; (状语 )按照 )(可以说 in the end结果。最后;不能说in end;可以说 in a row排成一排;不能说 in row)。 4 【正确答案】 C 【试 题解析】 successive a.接连的,连续的,一个接一个的 (如: He won three successive matches for four successive da
15、ys)。 consistent(with)a坚持的,一贯的;一致的,符合的。 relative a.相对的,比较的。 respective a.各自的,各个的,分别的。 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题意为 “他本想得到 25的工资涨幅,但在同老板谈话后,他认为他不得不满足于 5的涨幅 ”。 suffice的意思是 “使满足, 表示带有无奈情绪的满足 ”,如: Fifty dollars will suffice me (50美元足够我用 ); satisfy的意思是 “满足,主语为人 ”: gratify的意思是 “使满足,表示超出预想的满足 ”; delight的意思是 “(使 )
16、高兴, (使 )欣喜 ”。四个选项中只有 A项符合题意。 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 sufficient(for to+动词原形 )a足够的,充分的。 efficient a效率高的,有能力的。 persistent a (定语或表语 )持续的,顽强存在的;坚持不懈 的,执意的。 rich a.富有的,有钱的;富饶的,丰富的 (in):肥沃的。 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 suggestion n建议,意见。 advice n.劝告,意见 (注意: advice为不可数名词,不能与不定冠词 a连用, “一条劝告 ”应说 a piece of advice)。informati
17、on n信息。 description n.描写,形容;种类 (give a vivid description of生动地捕绘: power of description描绘能力; beautiful beyond description无法形容的美 :of every description of various descriptions各种各样的 ) 。 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 suicide n.(本义 )自杀; (引申 )自取灭亡 (如: He committed suicide when he was quite young It would be suicide to
18、 admit guilt)。 challenge n挑战。ignorance n.无知,愚昧;对 不知 (of about)。 naivety n.天真。 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 suitable(for to)a.合适的,适宜的 (a suitable word in the context:suitable for the post; make a suitable answer:如: The work is not suitable to me )。 super a.极好的,超级的,精彩的,漂亮的 (a super party car view of the mountain
19、s)。 sufficient(for)a.足够的,充分的。 tough a.困难的,艰苦的;强壮的,坚强的,能吃苦耐劳的。 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 suitcase n.(旅行用 )小提箱,衣箱。 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 summarize vt概括,总结。 imagine vt.想象,设想;料想,猜想。 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 superficial a肤浅的,浅薄的;表面的。 identical(with)a.相同的,相等的。 critical a.危急的;决定性的, 关键性的;批评的,批判的。 original a.起初的,原来的;独创的,新颖的
20、。 13 【正确答案】 C 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题空格处是说这些货物的优势。 B项 “superiority优越,高傲 ”符合题意,如: the superiority over the enemy troops(对敌军的优势 )。其他三项“prestige声望,威望,威信; priority先,前,优先,优先权; publicity公开 ”都不正确。 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 supplement vt.增补,补充。 replace vt替换,取代;把 放回原处。 replenish vt.重新充实,补充 (消耗掉的尔西 )。 mix v.(使 )混合。 16
21、 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 suppose vt.料想,猜想,假定,以为。 17 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题空格处是说这些人积极努力地去压制。 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 A本句是说内心汹涌澎湃,因此选择 D项。 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题空格处是说在很多方面超过前 几年的学生们的教育成就。四个选项中, surpass的意思是 “超越,胜过 ”; advance的意思是 “前进,提前,预付 ”; increase的意思是 “增加,加大 ”; multiply的意思是 “繁殖,乘,增加 ”。根据题意, A项为正确答案。 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析
22、】 surplus a.过剩的,多余的。 21 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题中, environment的意思是 “环境,外界 ”。四个选项中,surroundings的意思是 “环境 ”,如: The house is in beautiful surroundings (这座房屋四周的环境优美。 )relative的意思是 “亲戚 ”; education的意思是 “教育,培养 ”; nationality的意思是 “国籍,国家,民族 ”。根据题意只有 D项符合题意。 22 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 survey n vt调查,考察,全面审视;测量,勘测:俯视,眺望。 23
23、【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 survival n幸存者:残存物;幸存,继续生存 (如: The old man is a survival of a past age This custom is a survival from my great-grandfathers days His survival is still uncertain )。 survivor n幸存者,活着的人 (注:survivor只用于表示人,而 survival既可表示人,也可表示物 )。 remains n.(pl.)残余,余额:遗迹。 remnant n残留部分。 24 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】
24、survive vt从 (灾难中 )逃生, (经过一场灾难 )存活 下来;活得比 长 vi活下来,幸存下来 (如: Of those wounded in the battle only three survived These plants wont survive without sun Only a few soldiers survived the battle My father has survived all his brothers and sisters )(对该词尤其要注意作及物动词的用法:某人经过一场灾难仍存活了下来,应说 The man survived the disaster表示灾难的 disaster直接作 survive的宾语,而不要说 The man went through the disaster and still survived still lived )。 escape vt逃避,避免,避开。 submit vt提交,呈送 vi屈服,听从 (to)。 succeed vt接替,接 之后;继承。 25 【正确答案】 B
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