[外语类试卷]考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷39及答案与解析.doc

1、考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷 39及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 0 Thirty-one million Americans are over 60 years of age, and twenty-nine million of them are healthy, busy, productive citizens.By the year 2030, one in every five people in the United States will be over 60.Elderly people are members of the fastest-g

2、rowing minority in this country.Many call this the “graying of America“. In 1973, a group called the “Gray Panthers“ was organized.This group is made up of young and old citizens.They are trying to deal with the special problems of growing old in America.The Gray Panthers know that many elderly peop

3、le have health problems: some cannot walk well, others cannot see or hear well.Some have financial problems; prices are going up so fast that the elderly cant afford the food, clothing, and housing they need.Some old people are afraid and have safety problems.Others have emotional problems.Many elde

4、rly are lonely because of the death of a husband or a wife.The Gray Panthers know another fact, too.Elderly people want to be as independent as possible.So, the Gray Panthers are looking for ways to solve the special problems of the elderly. The president of the Gray Panthers is Maggie Kuhn, an acti

5、ve woman in her late 70s.She travels across the United States, educating both young and old about the concerns of elders.One of the problems she talks about is where and how elders live.She says that Americans do not encourage elders to live with younger people.As far as Maggie Kuhn is concerned, on

6、ly elders who need constant medical care should be in nursing homes. Maggie Kuhn knows that elders need education, too.She spends lots of time talking to groups of older Americans.She encourages them to continue to live in their own houses if it is possible.She also tells them that it is important t

7、o live with younger people and to have children around them.This helps elders to stay young at heart. 1 What health problems do many elderly have? （ A） They feel lonely. （ B） They are suffering from cancer. （ C） They cannot walk or see or hear well. （ D） They have got heart problems. 2 Nursing homes

8、_. （ A） are good for elders who need constant medical care （ B） help keep elders young （ C） are set up for training nurses （ D） are places where small children are taken care of 3 Maggie Kuhn travels across the United States in order to_elders. （ A） collect money for （ B） show concerns for （ C） find

9、 houses for （ D） educate people to help 4 One of the problems Maggie Kuhn talks about is_. （ A） why elders should be taken care of （ B） where and how elders live （ C） who needs medical care （ D） how to improve education in the USA 5 Maggie Kuhn encourages elders to_. （ A） live in nursing homes （ B）

10、travel more （ C） live with younger people （ D） do some house work 5 How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery.All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sound to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things

11、, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down.Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in the

12、ir associations-the things they bring up before our minds.Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us inc

13、reases. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions.This charming use of words is what we call literary style.Above all, the real poet is a master of words.He can convey his meaning in words which

14、 sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears.We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and dull. 6 The origin of language is_. （ A） a legend handed down from the past （ B） a matter that i

15、s hidden secretly （ C） a question difficult to answer （ D） a problem not vet solved 7 One of the reasons why men invented certain sounds to express thoughts and actions was that_. （ A） they could agree upon certain signs （ B） they could write them down （ C） they could communicate with each other （ D

16、） they could combine them 8 What is true about the words ? （ A） They are used to express feelings only. （ B） They can not be written down. （ C） They are simply sounds. （ D） They are mysterious. 9 In expressing their thoughts, great writers are able_. （ A） to confuse the readers （ B） to move men to t

17、ears （ C） to move our actions （ D） to puzzle our feelings 10 Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true ? （ A） He is no more a master of words than an ordinary person. （ B） He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music. （ C） He can move men to tears. （ D） His style is

18、 always charming. 10 Today is the anniversary of that afternoon in April a year ago that I first saw the strange and appealing doll in the window of Abe SheftePs toy shop on Third Avenue near Fifteenth Street, just around the corner from my office, where the plate on the door reads: Dr.Samuel Amory.

19、I remember just how it was that day: the first hint of spring floated across the East River, mixing with the soft-coal smoke from the factories and the street smells of the poor neighborhood. As I turned the corner on my way to work and came to Sheftels, I was made once more aware of the poor collec

20、tion of toys in the dusty window, and I remembered the approaching birthday of a small niece of mine in Cleveland, to whom I was in the habit of sending modest gifts.Therefore, I stopped and examined the window to see if there might be anything suitable, and looked at the confusing collection of una

21、ppealing objects-a red toy fire engine, some lead soldiers, cheap baseballs, bottles of ink, pens, yellowed envelopes, and advertisements for soft drinks.And thus it was that my eyes eventually came to rest upon the doll stored away in one corner, a doll with the strangest, most charming expression

22、on her face.I could not wholly make her out, due to the shadows and the film of dust through which I was looking, but I was aware that a tremendous impression had been made upon me as though I had run into a person, as one does sometimes with a stranger, with whose personality one is deeply impresse

23、d. 11 What made an impression on the author? （ A） The dolls unusual face. （ B） The collection of toys. （ C） A stranger he met at the store. （ D） The resemblance of the doll to his niece. 12 Why does the author mention his niece? （ A） She likes dolls. （ B） The doll looks like her. （ C） She lives near

24、 Sheftels. （ D） He was looking for a gift for her. 13 Why did the author go past Sheftels ? （ A） He was on his way to work. （ B） He was looking for a present for his niece. （ C） He wanted to buy some envelopes. （ D） He liked to look in the shop windows. 14 The story takes place in the_. （ A） early s

25、ummer （ B） early spring （ C） midsummer （ D） late spring 15 Most of the things in the store window were_. （ A） expensive （ B） appealing （ C） neatly arranged （ D） unattractive 15 The United States is often considered a young nation, but in fact it is next to the oldest continuous government in the wor

26、ld, and the reason is that its people have always been willing to accommodate themselves to change.It should be realized, however, that sharing benefits of our achievements was the result of trial and error.Unprincipled businessmen had first to be restrained by government before they came to learn t

27、hat they must serve the general good in pursuing their economic interests.Thus, although early statesmen strongly believed in private enterprise, they chose to make the post office a government monopoly and to give the schools to public ownership.Since then, government has broadened its activities i

28、n many ways including preventing monopolies from taking over the economy. Increased growth by acquisition by our largest corporations has resulted in a situation where virtually independent economic giants will dominate the American economy.Growth of these vast corporate structures, even though acco

29、mpanied by an increase in the number of much smaller and less powerful companies that operate under their control, foretells the creation of monopoly-like structures throughout American business.In general, the major acquisitions by the sample companies were corporate organizations that were profita

30、ble and successful before acquisition.The main effect of the merger or acquisition was to transfer control and management of an already successful enterprise to a new group.Profitability ratios indicate that, in most instances, the acquired companies operated less efficiently after acquisition. Amer

31、icans hold with Lincoln that “the legitimate object of government is to do for a community of people whatever they need to have done but cannot do at all, or cannot do so well for themselves, in their separate and individual capacities.“ Clearly merger restriction is one example of legitimate govern

32、ment intervention. 16 It is implied that the main quality of the United States stressed is its_. （ A） youth （ B） shared wealth （ C） trial and error （ D） flexibility 17 The term “general good“ (Line 5, Para.1) refers to_. （ A） efficient practices （ B） ethical practices （ C） common well-being （ D） pro

33、fitable decisions 18 The creation of U.S.post office monopoly is cited as an example of a_. （ A） replacement of the existing economic order （ B） restraint of unprincipled businessmen （ C） flexible view of government （ D） system of shared profits 19 From the text we learn that when mergers occurred,

34、the added companies had_. （ A） low profitability ratios （ B） management difficulties （ C） poor productivity （ D） achieved success 20 The authors view of mergers is_. （ A） critical （ B） cautious （ C） qualified （ D） favorable 20 Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports

35、 and activities.Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventurethose who have climbed the highest mountains, explored unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans.Now, however, there are people who seek an immediate excitement from a risky act

36、ivity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds. I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity.You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot-air balloon) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic rope tied to your ankles.You fall at up to 150 kilometers a

37、n hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground.It is estimated that two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping.Other activities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping involve jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high

38、cliffs. Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring.Not very long ago, peoples lives were constantly under threat.They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and l

39、ife was a continuous battle for survival. Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement.They live and work in comparatively safe environment; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill.The answer for some of these people is t

40、o seek danger in activities such as bungee jumping. 21 A suitable title for the passage is_. （ A） Dangerous Sports: What and Why? （ B） The Boredom of Modern Life （ C） Bungee Jumping: Is It Really Dangerous? （ D） The Need for Excitement 22 More and more people today_. （ A） are trying activities such

41、as bungee jumping （ B） are climbing the highest mountains （ C） are close to death in sports （ D） are looking for adventures such as exploring unknown places 23 People probably take part in dangerous sports nowadays because_. （ A） they have a lot of free time （ B） they can go to hospital if they are

42、injured （ C） their lives lack excitement （ D） they no longer need to hunt for food 24 The writer of the passage has a (n)_attitude towards dangerous sports. （ A） positive （ B） negative （ C） objective （ D） subjective 考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷 39答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第 2段的第 4句话

43、： The Gray Panthers know that many elderly people have health problems： some cannot walk well， others cannot see or hear well.从中可知 C项是正确答案。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第 3段的最后一句话： only elders who need constant medical care should be in nursing homes.从中可知 A项为正确答案。 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第 3段的第 2句话：

44、educating both youn g and old about the concerns of elders.从中可知， Maggie Kuhn走遍整个美国的目的是为了教育不同年龄层次的人去关心和帮助老年人。因此 D项为正确答案。 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题的依据是第 3段的第 3句话： One of the problems she talks about is where and how elders live.从中可知 B项为正确答案。 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题的依据是最后一段的第 3、 4句话： She encourages them to con

45、tinue to live in their own houses if it is possible.She also tells them that it is important to live with younger people and to have children around them.从中可知， Maggie Kuhn鼓励老年人与年轻人和小孩子共同生活。因此 C项为正确答案。 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第 1段的第 1句话： How men first learnt to invent words is unknown； in other wor

46、ds， the origin of language is a mystery。从中可知 D项是正确答案。 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题可参照第 1段的第 2句话，从 so that所引导的状语从句 so thatthey could communicate with each other可知， C项为正确答案。 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题 的依据是第 1段的最后一句话： Those sounds， whether spoken or written in letters， we call words。从中可知， C项为正确答案。 A项不对，因为原文提过 expres

47、s thoughts and feelings， actions and things。 B项中的not使这一选项与文中的事实相反， D项文中没有提及，原文只说过语言的起源是mystery，而不是语言本身。 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章的最后一段。从中可知，一位真正的诗 人 (the real poet)能把我们普通人感动得流泪，因此 B项为正确答案。 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题可参照文中最后一段的第 3句话 Above all， the real poet is a master ofwords。而 A项与之不符。因此 A项为正确答案。 11 【正确答案

48、】 A 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章最后一段中的两句话 a doll with the strangest，most charming expression 0n her facea tremend ous impression had been made upon me。因此 A项为正确答案。 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章的第 2段。开始时作者说在上班的路上路过那家玩具店，而且当时碰巧想起每年要给自己的侄女买件生日礼物，而且他知道侄女喜欢不太贵的玩具，因此才停下来看看有没有合适的。这里提到侄女应该是作者为自己下一步的举动做出的一个铺垫。因此 D项为正确答案。 13

49、【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章的第 2段。开始时作者说在上班的路上路过那家玩具店，从中 可知作者并非专门去玩具店买东西，只不过是路过而已。因此 A项为正确答案。 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 从文中第 1行中间的 in April和第 4行的 the first hint of spring可知， B项为正确答案。 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第 2段的 And looked at the confusing collection of unappealing objects。 unappealing和 D项中的 unattractive一样，意思都是 “不吸引人 的 ”，因此 D为正确答案。 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 从文章的首句可知，美国政府之所以几乎是世界上连续执政时间最长的政府，其原因在于美国人民总是愿意适应变化，据此可推知， D项为正确答案。 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题的依据是原文的 they must serve the general good in pursuing t