[外语类试卷]职称英语（综合类）ABC级综合模拟试卷7及答案与解析.doc

1、职称英语（综合类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 7及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Americas emphasis on the importance of education for everyone has spurred scientific research. （ A） encouraged （ B） endangered （ C） endorsed （ D） enlarged 2 Photojournalist Margaret White b

2、ecame famous for her coverage of significant events during the Second World War. （ A） baggage （ B） orphanage （ C） reportage （ D） usage 3 Below 600 feet ocean waters range from dimly lit to completely dark. （ A） inadequately （ B） hardly （ C） faintly （ D） sufficiently 4 “Im not meddling“. Mary said mi

3、ldly. “Im just curious“. （ A） gently （ B） shyly （ C） weakly （ D） sweetly 5 In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union. （ A） strange （ B） certain （ C） inconsistent （ D） proper 6 Many of novelist Carson McCullers characters are isolated, disappointed people.

4、（ A） solitary （ B） gloomy （ C） feeble （ D） frugal 7 The workers finally called off the strike. （ A） put off （ B） ended （ C） cancelled （ D） participated in 8 John has made up his mind not to go to the meeting. （ A） wanted （ B） promised （ C） decided （ D） agreed 9 I catch cold now and then. （ A） always

5、 （ B） occasionally （ C） constantly （ D） regularly 10 He often finds fault with my work. （ A） criticizes （ B） praises （ C） evaluates （ D） talks about 11 The little girl grasped her mothers arm as she crossed the street. （ A） understood （ B） had a hold over （ C） took hold of （ D） left hold of 12 In ju

6、dging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently. （ A） thought （ B） mind （ C） account （ D） memory 13 I can no longer tolerate his actions. （ A） put up with （ B） accept （ C） take （ D） suffer from 14 The doctors have abandoned the hope to rescue the old m

7、an. （ A） left （ B） given up （ C） turned down （ D） refused 15 Have you talked to her lately? （ A） lastly （ B） shortly （ C） recently （ D） immediately 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题， 每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 A New Start After Christm

8、as comes the anti-Christmas. If the festive season is all about filing up on the things you like that are bad for you, then the new year is the detox season - when people across the western world adopt special diets to lose weight and get fid of the vague feeling that they have spent the last few we

9、eks poisoning themselves. But are detox diets really necessary? After all, the body itself gets fid of unwanted substances. Thats what the liver and kidney are for. “The detox fad - or fads, as there are many methods - is an example of the capacity of people to believe in and pay for magic despite t

10、he lack of any sound evidence,“ says Martin Wiseman, professor of human nutrition at the University of Southampton in the UK. Most of the pills, juices, teas and oils that are sold for their detoxifying effects on the body have no scientific foundation for their claims, according to the research. Pe

11、ople would be better off having a glass of water and going to bed early. Detox diets may be magic rather science, but they are the kind of magic which many people want to perform. That may have something to do with the western diet in general. Scientists and dieticians argue that the benefits people

12、 feel are not due to their body getting fid of excessive toxins but are due to changing from what is likely to have been a poor diet. Having fewer headaches, for example, is probably the result of being fully hydrated due to drinking so much water and better skin may be due to eating more fruit and

13、vegetables. Detox diets may also be dangerous, as they may deprive vulnerable groups - pregnant women, for instance, or growing teenagers - of the kind of nutrients they need. Yet their popularity continues to rise. This may be something to do with the way that food works within many western culture

14、s. Generally, a countrys food develops along with its economy and society. Food becomes part of a persons cultural identity. In some countries, this link has been broken. In the UK, for example, rapid industrialization in the 18th and 19th centuries saw millions of people move from the countryside t

15、o the towns interrupting the development of a national cuisine. The United States, a country of immigrants from many different places, has found it hard to develop a national cuisine. In both places, comparatively few people cook for themselves and food supply is dominated by big processing and agri

16、business companies. Detox diets are more popular in these countries than in places like France and Italy, where strong links between food and national culture remain, and where far more people regularly cook for themselves instead of buying processed foods. Perhaps detox diets are successful because

17、 many westerners have lost trust in what they eat. On the other hand, they may help re-introduce people to the kind of food that is necessary for a healthy diet. And after learning that, they wont poison themselves in the first place. This would mean radical changes in the way that people cat across

18、 the west. And that would be an unwelcome development for the food industry. From the business point of view, it is much better to sell people the problem and then sell them the solution. 16 Detox begins after Christmas when people think that they have been overeating during the Christmas season and

19、 have taken in many substances that are bad for their health. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Many pregnant women and growing teenagers are suffering from mai-nutrition because of the detox-diets they take. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Both the UK and the USA lack a nation

20、al cuisine as a result of similar historical development. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The French and the Italians cook for themselves more often than the British and the Americans, which helps them to keep the link between food and their culture. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentio

21、ned 20 On the whole the eastern people like the Chinese and the Japanese have a stronger link between their food and their culture than the western people. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 A positive effect of detox diets is that it helps people to see what foods are good for their health

22、. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Food industry would make even greater profits if people should all start to eat healthy foods and stop poisoning themselves. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给 的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一

23、个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Museums in the Modern World 1 Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now. 2 At a science museum in Ontario,

24、Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modem Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm

25、Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out, to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing. 3 More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become pa

26、rt of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment w

27、ith glass blowing and paper making. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provi

28、de educational services and childrens departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one “should“ visit, they are places to enjoy. 4 One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another caus

29、e is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can

30、participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefit

31、ed from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times. 5 The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building o

32、f new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of m

33、useums, has risen to more than 700 million a year. 6 In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even wh

34、en raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff. 23 A Causes of Changes B Increasing Number of Museums and Visitors C Museums Getting Closer to More Spectators D Movies Shown in Museums E New Notions about the

35、Management of Museums F Places to Visit 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A have higher demands of museums B are open to more people with different social background C to lengthen their opening hours D charge too little for admission E have been built and open to

36、 public F by lowering the admission fees 27 Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but _ . 28 With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _ . 29 To meet the needs of society, more museums _ . 30 Two major problems for museums are that they have too many

37、 visitors and they _ . 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Income Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production-namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other com

38、pensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP (Gross National Product) because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect

39、 business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income l

40、eft to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees. Whereas national income shows the income that the factors of production earn, personal income measures the income that individuals or households receive.

41、 Corporation profits are included in national income because they are earned. Out of these profits, however, corporation profit taxes must be paid to the government, and some money must be put into the business for expansion. Only that part of profits distributed as dividends goes to the individual;

42、 therefore, out of corporation profits only dividends count as personal income. The factors of production earn money for social security and unemployment insurance contributions, but this money goes to government (which is not a factor of production), not to individuals. It is therefore part of nati

43、onal income but not part of personal income. On the other hand, money received by individuals when they collect social security or unemployment compensation is not money earned but money received. Interest received on government bonds is also in this category, because much of the money received from

44、 the sale of bonds went to pay for war production and that production no longer furnishes a service to the economy. The money people receive as personal income may be either spent or saved. However, not all spending is completely voluntary. A significant portion of our income goes to pay personal ta

45、xes. Most workers never receive the money they pay in personal taxes, because it is withheld from their paychecks. The money that individuals are left with after they have met their tax obligations is disposable personal income. Disposable income can be divided between personal consumption expenditu

46、res and personal savings. It is important to remember that personal saving is what is left after spending. 31 This passage is mainly about （ A） the difference between national income and GNP. （ B） the difference between national income and personal income. （ C） the concept of income. （ D） the differ

47、ence between disposable income and nondisposable income. 32 Which of the following statements is true according to the first paragraph? （ A） GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes. （ B） GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes. （ C） Personal incom

48、e is regarded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid. （ D） The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income. 33 It can be easily seen from this passage that the government levies tax on （ A） corporation profits. （ B） every individual

49、even though his income is very low. （ C） those who work in joint ventures. （ D） those who work in government departments. 34 According to this passage, the money you get as interest from government bonds is （ A） the money earned. （ B） the money not earned but received. （ C） the money received for the contribution you have made to the economy. （ D） the money earned for the service you have furnished to the economy. 35 The passage implies that （ A） people willingly pay taxes because they want to do something useful to the country