[外语类试卷]职称英语（综合类）A级模拟试卷11及答案与解析.doc

1、职称英语（综合类） A级模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. （ A） difficult （ B） worried （ C） anxious （ D） unhappy 2 The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links. （ A）

2、 rejected （ B） investigated （ C） proposed （ D） postponed 3 He has a passionate interest in music. （ A） enthusiastic （ B） perfect （ C） practical （ D） funny 4 We derive knowledge mainly from books. （ A） deprive （ B） obtain （ C） descend （ D） trace 5 He has a very outgoing personality and makes Mends ve

3、ry easily. （ A） capacity （ B） character （ C） reality （ D） attitude 6 The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table. （ A） supplied （ B） gathered （ C） grasped （ D） made 7 The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one. （ A） motivate （ B） combine （

4、 C） compact （ D） nominate 8 He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides. （ A） favorable （ B） possible （ C） formal （ D） genuine 9 When does the next train depart? （ A） pull up （ B） pull down （ C） pull out （ D） pull in 10 His novel depicts an ambitious American. （ A） writes （

5、 B） sketches （ C） describes （ D） indicates 11 The town is notable for its beautiful scenery in winter. （ A） similar （ B） prompt （ C） profound （ D） famous 12 He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines. （ A） supervise （ B） watch （ C） suspect （ D） predict 13 He decided to overcome h

6、is shortcomings. （ A） convert （ B） convict （ C） conquer （ D） convey 14 Soldiers have to obey orders. （ A） reply to （ B） apply for （ C） abide with （ D） comply with 15 She wore a gorgeous Victorian gown which was said to be worth thousands of dollars. （ A） beauty （ B） splendid （ C） expensive （ D） simp

7、le 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Winners and Losers Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former

8、 Soviet bloc (集团 ) and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately reinvigorated (给以新的活力 ) by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, som

9、e countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure (基础结构 ); many countries have little to trade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years. In some regions, certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International M

10、onetary Fund. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and an adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the IMF, the Worl

11、d Bank and the U.S. Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state-owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs (寡头政治集团成员 ), who, knowing how unstable conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home. In contrast, China, the

12、 biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes. Botswana

13、and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies, liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions. 16 Japan has a long trading tradition. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not ment

14、ioned 17 Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 All African countries followed the IMF formula. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The Soviet Union was a capitalist country. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Australia is one of the bigges

15、t winners from globalization. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 China did not take IMF advice. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatization. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短

16、文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中 为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Keeping Cut Flowers 1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts. 2 An im

17、portant thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨 ) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12C than when kept at 26C.Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably t

18、he most important aspect of flower care. 3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (授粉 ). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbo

19、n dioxide (二氧化碳 ), called respiration (呼吸 ), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for fl

20、owers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies. 4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is re

21、spiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true: Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly. 5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in w

22、hich they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to “drink“ water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂

23、 ) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. 23 A Control of Respiration B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers C Role of Respiration D Most Important Aspect of

24、 Flower Care E Need for Clean Water F Ways of Stopping Respiration 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26 Paragraph 5 _. 27 A by keeping its original shape and colour B in the life of cut flowers C to produce carbon dioxide D for as long as possible E by controlling temperature F t

25、o replace the water and solution every day 27 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers _. 28 Respiration plays a key role _. 29 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down _. 30 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据

26、短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Valuing Childhood The value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模糊不清 ) in todays world. Consider some recent developments: The child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark, schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an Il-year-

27、old girl in Chicago. Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldnt begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive - youthful jealousy (妒忌

28、 ) and resentment. But a deeper question remains: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint? That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girls bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids. Redemption (拯救

29、 ) is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence? The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not - cannot be - dealt with as adults, not if a peopl

30、e wants to consider itself civilized. Thats why politicians cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point. But the moral void (真空 ) that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work

31、 starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether theyre doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought? Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So d

32、o law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance (遵守 ). The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年 ), so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative fe

33、w who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who dont go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide - and which progressive human society relies on. 31 The two boys in Chicago were （ A） shot. （ B） murdered. （ C） accused. （ D） sentenced. 32 The boys in Jon

34、esboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense of （ A） right and wrong. （ B） discipline. （ C） shame. （ D） safety. 33 According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as （ A） murderers. （ B） criminals. （ C） victims. （ D） adults. 34 Which of the following doe

35、s the writer cite as a source of moral void? （ A） Official corruption. （ B） Social injustice. （ C） Family instability. （ D） Racial discrimination. 35 Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage? （ A） Parents should strengthen moral instruction. （ B） Schools should help create a mor

36、al sense in children. （ C） Law enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand laws. （ D） Youth organizations play no role in building character. 36 Characteristics of Publicity Publicity offers several benefits. There are no costs for message time or space. An ad in prime-time telev

37、ision may cost $250,000 to $500,000 or more per minute, whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. However, there are costs for news releases, a publicity department, and other items. As with advertising, publicity reaches a mass Line 5 audience. Within a short time,

38、 new products or company policies are widely known. Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people ar

39、e more likely to pay attention to news reports than to ads. For example, The Womens Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisements. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they flip through (游览 ) the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or h

40、undreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly. Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed news releases and find onl

41、y portions cited by the media; and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would like. For example, in 1982, Procter it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media determine whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it. A compan

42、y-sponsored jobs program might go unreported or receive three-sentence coverage in a local newspaper. 36 The word “mass“ in Line 5 could best be replaced by （ A） grouped. （ B） crowded. （ C） gathered. （ D） large. 37 The second paragraph implies that people are more likely to believe stories （ A） in a

43、 newspaper than in a womens daily. （ B） in a newspaper than in a magazine. （ C） in an independent newspaper than in a dependent newspaper. （ D） in a magazine than in a local newspaper. 38 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true ? （ A） A firm can control and time publicity

44、 accurately. （ B） A firm can neither control nor time publicityaccurately. （ C） A firm can either control or time publicity accurately. （ D） In most cases a firm can control and time publicity accurately. 39 The example in Paragraph 4 is intended to demonstrate （ A） the power of publicity. （ B） the

45、victim of publicity. （ C） the terrible effects of rumors. （ D） the vulnerability of people to publicity. 40 The passage implies that （ A） the placement of a story is not quite important. （ B） the report of a crime may not be true. （ C） local newspapers are not interested in company-sponsored program

46、s. （ D） publicity is not always necessary 41 Effects of Environmental Pollution If pollution continues to increase at the ,present rate, formation of aerosols (浮质 ) in the atmosphere will cause the onset (开始 ) of an ice age in about fifty years time. This conclusion, reached by Dr S. I. Rasool and D

47、r S. H. Schneider of the United States Goddard Space Flight Centre, answers the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide二氧化碳 ) content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm up or increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool down. The Americans ha

48、ve shown conclusively that the aerosol question is dominant. Two spectres haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental pollution might lead to the planets becoming unbearably hot or cold. One of these ghosts has now been laid, because it seems that even an increase in the amou

49、nt of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 2C, which would take place over several thousand years. But the other problem now looms (陷约出现 ) larger than ever. Aerosols are collections of small liquid or solid particles dispersed in air or some other medium. The particles are all so tiny that each is composed of only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can float ,in the air for a very long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol