[外语类试卷]职称英语（综合类）A级模拟试卷19及答案与解析.doc

1、职称英语（综合类） A级模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The wild animals are enclosed in small cages in the zoo. （ A） limited （ B） bounded （ C） restrict （ D） confined 2 The waste pipe is blocked; try sluicing it out with hot water. （ A） rushing （ B

2、） brushing （ C） crushing （ D） flushing 3 A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. （ A） maintain （ B） improve （ C） assess （ D） protect 4 John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. （ A） cooperating （ B） competing （ C） combining （ D） arguing 5 He is determined to consolidate his

3、power. （ A） strengthen （ B） control （ C） abandon （ D） exercise 6 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation. （ A） permanent （ B） powerful （ C） striking （ D） practical 7 The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resource

4、s. （ A） puzzling （ B） difficult （ C） terrifying （ D） urgent 8 The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles. （ A） quicken （ B） shorten （ C） loosen （ D） enlarge 9 His strict upbringing inhibited him asking such stupid questions. （ A） instructed （ B） inquired （ C） forba

5、d （ D） strived 10 Its prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out. （ A） controversial （ B） reasonable （ C） sensible （ D） sensitive 11 Beavers have the aptitude to build dams. （ A） appetite （ B） desire （ C） competence （ D） attitude 12 The drama depicts those conditions at the turn of

6、 the century. （ A） writes （ B） sketches （ C） describes （ D） indicates 13 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified （ A） sufficiently （ B） noticeably （ C） intentionally （ D） absolutely 14 The Constitutions vague natur

7、e has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change. （ A） imprecise （ B） concise （ C） unpolished （ D） elementary 15 All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common. （ A） as a result of （ B） consideri

8、ng （ C） on purpose （ D） whatever 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请 选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Scotland: a Land of Wisdom In the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said, “We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization

9、. “ Thats not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education. According to the American author Arthur Herman, the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most impor

10、tant ideas on which modern life dependseverything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to those people in business, government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world. It all started during the period that historians

11、call the Scottish Enlightenment (启蒙运动 ), which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800 Before that, philosophy was mainly concerned with religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the proper study of humanity was mankind itself. Their reasoning was practical. F

12、or the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of how people think and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved,

13、for universal benefit. Humes enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific methodthe pursuit of truth through experiment. His friend and fellow resident of Edinburgh, Adam Smith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade, h

14、e argued, was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets, we all come to benefit each other. Smiths idea has dominated modern views of economics. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and pow

15、erful through peace, trade and invention. Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin(构成 的基础 ) our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellenc

16、e with orientation (方向 ). 16 Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 According to Arthur Herman, the Scots developed many important ideas which modern life depends on. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Philosophers had com

17、e to know the importance of studying humanity even before the Scottish Enlightenment took place. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 David Hume was the first philosopher to study mankind （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Smiths idea has extensive applications. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong

18、 （ C） Not mentioned 21 Our current theories of human exchange and enquiry have nothing to do with the ideas developed during the Scottish Enlightenment. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Smith died in 1800. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后

19、有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Museums in the Modern World 1 Museums have changed. They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of mu

20、seums now. 2 At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modern Museum in Sweden, you

21、can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing. 3 More and more, museums directors are realizing that peop

22、le learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a

23、 spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and paper making. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use

24、 it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and childrens departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one “should“ visit, they are places to enjoy. 4 One cause of all these changes is the incr

25、ease in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and

26、look at works of art ; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these grou

27、ps, like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times. 5 The effect of all this has been to change exi

28、sting museums and to encourage, the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visito

29、rs, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year. 6 In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for t

30、he first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff. A Causes of Changes B Increasing Number of Museums and Visitors C Museums Getting Closer to More Spectators D Movie

31、s Shown in Museums E. New Notions about the Management of Museums F. Places to Visit 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 26 A have higher demands of museums B are open to more people with different social background C to lengthen their opening hours D charge too littl

32、e for admission E. have been built and open to public F. by lowering the admission fees 27 Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but _. 28 With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _. 29 To meet the needs of society, more museums _. 30 Two major prob

33、lems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Electronic Mail During the past few years, scientists all over the world have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives av

34、oiding - writing, any kind of writing, but particularly letter writing. Encouraged by electronic mails surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. Electronic network

35、s, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modem and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five mil

36、lion scientists have done so with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the Interact, or net. E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail, and of course, land mail. It shrinks

37、time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous (异步的 ). (Writer can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting. ) If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication. Jeremy Bern

38、stein, the physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicists umbilical cord (脐带 ). Later other people, too, have been discovering its connective virtues. Physicists are using it; college students are using it; everybody is using it; and as a sign that it has come of age, the New Yorker

39、 has celebrated its liberating presence with a cartoonan appreciative dog seated at a keyboard, saying happily, “On the Internet, nobody knows youre a dog. “ 31 The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage EXCEPT _. （ A） direct and reliable （ B） time-saving in d

40、elivery （ C） money-saving （ D） available at any time 32 How is Internet or net explained in the passage? （ A） Electronic routes used to read home and international journals. （ B） Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight. （ C） Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sle

41、eping. （ D） Electronic routes connected among millions of users, home and abroad 33 What does the sentence “If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication“ most probably mean? （ A） The quick speed of discoveries may have ill effects on discoveries. （ B） Although it

42、 dose not speed up correspondence, it helps to make discoveries. （ C） It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries. （ D） It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries. 34 Why is a dog sitting before a computer keyboard in a cartoon published by New York

43、ers? （ A） Even dogs are interested in the computer. （ B） E-mail has become very popular. （ C） Dogs are liberated from their usual duties. （ D） E-mail deprives dogs of their owners love. 35 What will happen to fax, land mail, overnight mail, etc.according to the writer? （ A） Their functions cannot be

44、 replaced by E-mail. （ B） They will co-exist with E-mail for a long time. （ C） Less and less people will use them. （ D） They will play a supplementary function to E-mail. 35 A Tale of Scottish Rural Life Lewis Grassic Gibbons Sunset Song (1932) was voted “the best Scottish novel of all time“ by Scot

45、tishs reading public in 2005 Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotlands poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film, TV and radio in recent decades. The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish

46、northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it. Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel

47、but hard-working father; experience tragedy (her mothers suicide and murder of her twin children ) ; and learn about her feelings as she grows into woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe tha

48、t she is the creation of a man. But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddies long history, in a language that imitates the places changing patterns of speech and writing. The story its

49、elf is amazingly null of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody elses business and nothing is ever forgotten. Sunset. Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I, Gibbon tried hard to show how certain ch