[外语类试卷]职称英语（综合类）B级模拟试卷20及答案与解析.doc

1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Have you talked to her lately? （ A） lastly （ B） finally （ C） shortly （ D） recently 2 While we dont agree, we continue to be friends. （ A） Because （ B） Where （ C） Although （ D） Whatever 3 In ju

2、dging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently. （ A） thought （ B） account （ C） mind （ D） brain 4 You must shine your shoes. （ A） polish （ B） clear （ C） wash （ D） mend 5 The policeman Wrote down all the particulars of the accident. （ A） secrets （ B） de

3、tails （ C） benefits （ D） words 6 Im content with the way the campaign has gone. （ A） tied （ B） satisfied （ C） filled （ D） concerned 7 This table is strong and durable. （ A） long-lasting （ B） extensive （ C） far-reaching （ D） eternal 8 He endured agonies before he finally expired. （ A） fired （ B） resi

4、gned （ C） died （ D） retreated 9 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror. （ A） staring （ B） laughing （ C） shouting （ D） smiling 10 For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate. （ A） really （ B） basically （ C） fundamentally （ D） completely 11 Mary has blended the ingredients. （ A） mixed （ B

5、） made （ C） cooked （ D） eaten 12 They agreed to modify their policy. （ A） clarify （ B） change （ C） define （ D） develop 13 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. （ A） play （ B） send （ C） show （ D） tell 14 A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a

6、 week. （ A） practically （ B） considerably （ C） remarkably （ D） fairly 15 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. （ A） take out （ B） repair （ C） push in （ D） dig 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子， 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 A

7、Pay Rise or Not? “Unless I get a rise, Ill have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley,“ George Strong said to himself. George liked his job and he liked the town he lived in, but his wife kept telling him that his pay was not enough to meet the needs of the family. That was why he was thinking of takin

8、g a job in Birmingham, a nearby city about 50 miles away. He had been offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better. George lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized town. He really liked the place and didnt like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would

9、 have to move his family there. Henry Manley was the manager of a small company manufacturing electric motors. The company was in deep trouble because, among other reasons, the Japanese were selling such things at very low prices. As a result, Manley had to cut his own prices and profits as well. Ot

10、herwise he would not get any orders at all. Even then, orders were still not coming in fast enough, so that there was no money for raises (加工资 ) for his workers. Somehow, he had to struggle along and keep his best workers as well. He sighed. Just then the phone rang. His secretary told him that Geor

11、ge Strong wanted to see him as soon as possible. Manley sighed again. He could guess what it was about. George Strong was a very young engineer. The company had no future unless it could attract and keep men like him. Manley rubbed his forehead (前额 ); his problems seemed endless. 16 Henry Manley was

12、 already deeply in debt. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The job that had been offered to George in Birmingham paid better. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 If George took the job in Birmingham, he would have to leave his family at Wyeford. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not menti

13、oned 19 Henry Manleys company was in deep trouble. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Henry Manleys company was making enough profits to raise the workers wages. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Henry Manley had no idea at all why George Strong wanted to see him. （ A） Right （ B）

14、Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 George Strong was the best engineer in Henry Manleys company. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Messages from the Media 1. The wea

15、ther forecast, a story about the candidates in an election, and movie reviews are examples of messages from the media. A communication medium, of which the plural (复数的 ) form is media, is a means of communicating a message. Examples of media are television, radio, newspapers and books and the teleph

16、one. The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media. 2. It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media. Every day we get hundreds of them. Think about advertisements, for example. We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we go. Advertisem

17、ents are important messages, even though they are sometimes annoying. They help us compare and evaluate prodhcts. 3. Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom. Think, for a moment, about how you learn about local news and events. Do you depend on other people or the medi

18、a? What about international news? What is the most important source of information for you? People who are asked this question usually answer, “Television.“ 4. Think of all the messages you received today. Perhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast, or maybe you read advertisements on billboards

19、(露天广告牌 ) on your way to school. Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning? Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication-a book. 5. We use the information we get from radio, television, newspapers, and other media

20、to make decisions and form opinions. That is why the mass media are so important. Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote, consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money, and international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions about questio

21、ns of war and peace. 23 A Importance of Classroom Learning B Television - A Rich Source of Information C Advertisements as Important Messages from the Mass Media D Various Messages One May Receive Each Day E Media - Means to Communicate Messages F Importance of the Mass Media 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Pa

22、ragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26 Paragraph 5 _. 27 A sports news B our decisions and opinions C mass communication D our messages E source of information F the mass media 27 Each day we get a lot of messages from _. 28 Television, radio and books are all important media of _. 29 For most people tel

23、evision is the most important _. 30 The mass media are important to us because they shape _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Weight on and off the Ears We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break f

24、ree of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of “weight“ as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a

25、pound. Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction. But this power of attraction between two o

26、bjects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. When we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational a

27、ttraction decreases two times two. If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on. So this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the earth. What about the weight of ou

28、r pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter. On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon: but th

29、e butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull Hat a body produces depends on the amount of material in it .A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very

30、 small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun. 31 How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth? （ A） 1 pound. （ B） 2 pounds. （ C） 3 pounds. （ D） 4 pounds. 32 We find it hard to break free from ideas

31、 connected with living on the earth because （ A） it demands too great an effort for us to do so. （ B） we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas. （ C） we have proved that those ideas are correct. （ D） we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth. 33 Ac

32、cording to the passage, “weight“ should be understood in the sense that （ A） it is fixed if it is outside the earths gravitational pull. （ B） it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earths center. （ C） it varies with the change of the gravitational attraction between two objects. （ D

33、） things increase in amount as they are closer to the earths surface. 34 We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because （ A） it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. （ B） its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. （ C） its pull disappears in the presence of

34、the earths gravitation. （ D） it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull. 35 The main idea of this passage is （ A） different weight systems in different places. （ B） freedom from traditional ideas. （ C） traveling from the earth to the moon. （ D） the effect of gravitation on weight. 36 Lifetime

35、 Employment In Japanese Companies In most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment. What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire. In effect, the employee gets job sec

36、urity for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work. Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of being laid off. One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. By working hard for

37、the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future. It is not surprising that devotion to ones company is considered a great virtue in Japan. A man is often prepared to put his firms interests before those of his immediate family. The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way

38、 employees approach their work. They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career. This is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time. They can afford to take a longer perspective than their Western counterparts. This marriage betw

39、een the employee and the company - the consequence of lifetime employment - may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the qualit

40、y control of their products. 36 Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employee （ A） leaves his company only when business is bad. （ B） gets a job soon after he leaves school or university. （ C） can work there throughout his career. （ D） can have his serious mistakes in work corr

41、ected. 37 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Family and company interests are equally important. （ B） The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company. （ C） Ones future is guaranteed through hard work. （ D） Devotion to ones company is encouraged. 38 Lifetime employment influences o

42、nes （ A） achievements at work. （ B） performance at work. （ C） career options. （ D） attitude toward work. 39 The Japanese worker is fond of his companys products because of （ A） his marriage with the daughter of the president. （ B） the close link between him and his company. （ C） his willingness to w

43、ork overtime. （ D） his active participation in quality control. 40 The passage mainly discusses （ A） how lifetime employment works in Japan. （ B） what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers, （ C） what lifetime employment is. （ D） how lifetime employment is viewed. 41 Volcanoes

44、There are thousands of volcanoes (火山 ) all over the world. What makes volcanoes? What happens? The inside of the earth is very hot. Because it is very, very hot, the rock has melted like ice. It has become liquid, like. water. It is always boiling, like water in a kettle. If you have seen a kettle b

45、oiling, you know that the steam and boiling water try to get out. The very hot melted rock inside the earth also tries to get out. Usually it cannot because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong. But in some places the outside of the earth is thin and weak. Sometimes a crack appears. The

46、hot melted rock, which we call “lava“ (熔岩 ), pushes out through the crack and bursts through. Steam and gas shoot up into the air and the hot melted lava pours out. Big pieces of rock may be thrown high into the air. After a while the volcano becomes quiet again. The melted lava becomes hard. Later

47、the same thing happens again and again Each time more hot lava pours out on top of the cold lava and then becomes hard. In this way a kind of mountain is built up, with a hole down the middle. Perhaps the volcano will then be quiet. Perhaps it will start again hundreds of years later. Vesuvius is th

48、e name of a very famous volcano in Italy). It first came to life many, many years ago. It was quiet for hundreds of years. Then in the year 79 it suddenly burst. A great cloud of smoke shot up into the sky with great burning rocks. Hot lava poured down its sides. About 3,000 people were killed. This

49、 has happened again many times since that year. Sometimes no damage was caused, or only little damage. But there was serious damage in the years 472, 1631, 1794, 1861, 1872 and 1906. You can see that a volcano can stay alive for many years. There was also serious damage in 1914 but“ there has not been any since that year. 41 According to the passage, a volcano sends out （ A） boiling water. （ B） boiled water. （ C） melted rock. （ D） melted ice. 42 Lava bursts out where there is （ A） a crack in the earth. （ B） a mountain by