[考研类试卷]2007年武汉大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

1、2007年武汉大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、选词填空 0 Fill in the numbered blanks with proper words. Among the 20 expressions given, only 15 should be used. Make sure the words come in correct forms in terms of both grammar and meaning.A new era is upon us. 【 K1】 _it what you will: the service economy, the informa

2、tion age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things 【 K2】_dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan are in the service industry, and the number

3、is on the 【 K3】 _. More Women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation cant 【 K4】 _by numbers alone. Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills 【 K5】 _to succeed, even the relation b

4、etween individuals and employersall these are being challenged. We have 【 K6】 _to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie 【 K7】 _. No one could 【 K8】 _foresee the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world 【 K9】 _ twenty years thanks to its applications in persona

5、l computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrows achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still 【 K10】 _ technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the p

6、eople who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and 【 K11】 _the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a【 K12】 _as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information【 K13】 _performing routine tasks will【 K14】 _a

7、bove alleles. If you【 K15】 _your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. 1 【 K1】 2 【 K2】 3 【 K3】 4 【 K4】 5 【 K5】 6 【 K6】 7 【 K7】 8 【 K8】 9 【 K9】 10 【 K10】 11 【 K11】 12 【 K12】 13 【 K13】 14 【 K14】 15 【 K15】 二、翻译 15 Paraphrase the following idiomatic expressions. 16 Pull ones leg

8、 17 Make both ends meet 18 If a donkey brays at you dont bray at him. 19 Eleventh hour 20 Homer sometimes nods 20 Paraphrase the following sentences. 21 The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing

9、 this because of his personal regard for the customer. 22 From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. 23 The president is the source of all Navy regulations and can tailor them to his desires. 24 There is no

10、worse conversationalist than the one who punctuates his words as he speaks as if he were writing, or even who tries to use words as if he were composing a piece of prose or print. 25 I remember a time. when every artist thought he owed it to himself to turn his back on the Eiffel Tower, as a protest

11、 against the architectural blasphemy with which it filled the sky. 三、阅读理解 25 Man is a gregarious creature. Companionship plays an important role in human development at all stages in life. The hours that a child plays in company with his peers expand his life space, help him to develop his physical

12、skills, and provide him with experience in getting along with others. Contact with peers becomes the primary means for the adolescent to achieve independence from parents and the attainment of status as an individual in his own right. Finding a congenial social group is one of the major development

13、tasks of adulthood. In the later years of life, the loss of the loved ones through death, the preoccupation of sons and daughters with their own adult problems, the decline of physical powers, and the loss of occupation all serve to make the search for companionship of lifelong importance in the sat

14、isfaction of fundamental psychological needs. As long as one lives, adjustment will be conditioned by the capacity for, and skill in the conduct of companionship. It is necessary that you practice effective means for getting along with your peers so that negative attitude will not be aroused in othe

15、rs. The capacity for establishing effective relationships with others results from social contacts, not primarily from what one learns out of books. You need to preserve friendships. In college this means the participation in at least one club or organization and in at least some extracurricular cam

16、pus activities. This participation will aid you in improving your social skills and will provide you with desirable companionship. In seeking satisfaction from companionship, you also need to cultivate a deep friendship with several special persons with whom you can share your triumphs and disappoin

17、tment. It is a psychological fact that telling your troubles to another person affords release from psychological tensions, provides feedback so as to give you a truer and more valid perspective of your problems, and aids you in more realistically resolving your problems. True, special friends will

18、overlook your shortcomings and at the same time assist you in evaluating and overcoming your difficulties. The benefits of such special companionship cannot be all one-sided or there would be no friendships. Your special friends have the right to expect and receive these same satisfactions from you.

19、 This being so, you are contributing to their mental health at the same time that they are contributing to yours. Thus, from such close companionship you receive the double benefit of feeling that you are worthy and have personal significance and that your need to help others is being met. Social co

20、mpetence fosters economic and occupational efficiency because our work is surrounded and conditioned by the existence of others. You will recall that the chief reason for job failure is not lack of knowledge of how to do the job but inability to get along well with others. 26 The passage is concerne

21、d mainly with_. （ A） the importance of companionship in ones development （ B） the capacity for companionship （ C） the skills in conduct of companionship （ D） cultivation of a deep friendship with special persons 27 Which of the following is not true? （ A） Companionship helps young people shape their

22、 character. （ B） Companionship helps adults succeed in their career. （ C） Books will help you to develop your capacity for companionship. （ D） The best way to find a good friend is to be one 28 According to the author, companionship can enrich personal satisfactions by all the following EXCEPT_. （ A

23、） affording emotional release （ B） providing an opportunity to care about others （ C） creating a feeling of true significance （ D） improving your social contacts 29 Which of the following would be suitable title for the passage? （ A） Man, a Social Creature （ B） Companionship, a Basic Psychological N

24、eed （ C） Friendship, a Mutual Relationship （ D） Personal Satisfaction and Companionship 29 What causes a crisis? Such a question may at first seem unanswerable because there are so many different kinds of unpleasant situations into which we humans can get ourselves. In one word, however, the real cu

25、lprit is probably ignorance. Ignorance, as used here, does not imply a lack of formal education. Since one frequently sees highly educated persons getting into serious personal crises. Real ignorance is a lack of understanding of the law of cause and effect in our own lives. Many of us seem to think

26、 that we can do whatever feels goodacquire wealth, achieve status, pursue romantic conquests, eat heartily, and so forth often at the expense of others, without ever having to concern ourselves with the consequences of such living. We foolishly ignore the karmic wisdom expressed in those popular phr

27、ases: “What goes around comes around.“ And “Whatsoever a man sows, that shall he also reap.“ Pain, unpleasant as it may be, is our stem benefactor. It teaches us vital lessons as to the conduct of our lives. Feeling pain means that something just isnt working and that its time to change ourselves or

28、 get help through anothers experience Getting help is a wise first step toward overcoming ignorance. When we hurt and really need the help, we listen attentively with mind and heart. We begin to learn those lessons which will prevent us from getting into similar predicaments later on. Some of us hav

29、e to suffer consequential pain over an over before we are finally ready to seek out its causes. But eventually we say “Enough!“ and get to work. What if the crisis is not our fault, we might ask. Frequently a crisis victim who thinks himself to be blameless will lash out at society, chance, God, fat

30、e, the system, his family, or whatever other abstraction it is most convenient to blame. But the threads of cause and effect are many and multicolored. Our puny minds can hardly know for sure how or when an effect will blossom from a previous cause, nor what combinations of circumstances are being d

31、ealt to us by our own past choices. We are the masters of our future because we are free beings, but we are equally the slaves of our past and must pay follys price. Helpers in many different roles are available to give us the timely aid we need when in crisis. There are friends, psychiatrists, past

32、ors, counselors, teachers, crisis line operators, doctors, nurses, social workers, and numerous other sources of reeducation when we are up against a wall. If we will only ask them, they can help us overcome that ignorance which has, at least in part, caused us our present agony. Situations are many

33、 and varied, but it is safe to say that a situation never becomes a crisis until it involves pain. Pain spurs us on to ask, and exactly at that point where solid and beneficial learning can begin. Whatever our diplomas and degrees, this is the only real learning. It is this learning that sets us fre

34、e. Ignorance, mistakes, pain, learning, freedomso goes the eternal cycle of human evolution. 30 People get serious crisis because_. （ A） they have received too much formal education （ B） there are many unpleasant situations （ C） they want to do whatever feels good （ D） they dont understand the law o

35、f cause and effect 31 Pain is benefactor in that_. （ A） something is not working properly （ B） it is where knowledge comes into being （ C） we begin to learn how to deal with our crisis （ D） we eventually get back to our work 32 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） A psyc

36、hiatrist might help one suffering from a crisis. （ B） Ignorance is obviously the only factor resulting in a crisis. （ C） Some people attribute their crisis to their bad fortune. （ D） We must be responsible for our own past choices. 33 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? （

37、 A） Crisis: Its Causes and Effects （ B） Ignorance: an Inevitable Step to Freedom （ C） Education: the Only Solution to a Crisis （ D） Human Evolution: the Eternal Cycle 33 In the United States alone at the beginning of the 1990s, roughly one third of the school-age population was children of color. Th

38、is percentage is expected to increase to somewhere between 44% and 48% by the year 2025. Complicating this issue is the fact that relatively few of those in the teaching force represent minority populations. As of the late 1980s, roughly 88% of teachers in the United States represented the majority

39、culturethat is, white, Anglo, and middle class, with about two thirds of those being women. This figure, too, is expected to increase resulting in approximately 94% of the American reaching force representing a rather homogeneous, privileged, and cross culturally inexperienced majority. This pattern

40、 of increased diversity in the classroom with an increasingly homogeneous teaching force is being mirrored in many nations of the world, including Canada, Australia, Israel, Great Britain, and New Zealand. The United States has prior experience integrating significant numbers of immigrants, albeit w

41、ith mixed reaction and success. During the early part of the 20th century, hundreds of thousands of legal immigrants entered he country through Ellis Island in New York. Although the road for new immigrants into the United States(or any country for that matter)has never been an easy one, the majorit

42、y of the immigrants in the early part of the century having come from Europe could “fit“ the human landscape, so to speak, once they learned the English language. The physical features they exhibited were not all that different from those of the majority of the people already here. Assimilationist i

43、deology was easy to defendpeople could conceivably “melt“ into the greater pot called “America“. Those entering the United States today come from a much greater diversity of nations and backgrounds. Immigrants from the many diverse countries of Central and Latin America, Asia, and the Middle East ar

44、e not uncommon. Into the schools they bring not only different ways of thinking and behaving but also diverse ways of communicating. Such diverse languages as Vietnamese, Cambodian, Arabic, Spanish, Russian, and Japanese are found in American schools with increasing regularity. In Floridas schools,

45、for instance, at least 84 different languages are spoken and the schools are actively working to provide educational services in 50 of these. And they are coming into that state in such great numbers that in 1989, as an example, enough children from Nicaragua alone were entering Dade County to suppo

46、rt the building of a new elementary school each month. Of course, no such massive building efforts were undertaken, and few of the badly needed teachers were recruited. Increasingly across the country, children are speaking a language other than English at home. Between 30% and 50% of children in su

47、ch cities as New York, Santa Fe, Hartford, and Providence speak languages other than English. In Miami, nearly three quarters of the residents speak a language other than English at home, with 67% saying they dont speak English very well. The United States is now the fourth largest Spainsh-speaking

48、country in the world! Although bilingualism is increasing among the American population in general(even given the English-as-an-Official-Language movement currently under way!)only 5% of our nations teachers are themselves truly bilingual. 34 According to passage, the greatest challenge facing the A

49、merican educational system is_. （ A） only a small proportion of the school-age children are children of color （ B） women teachers in the profession are rather inexperienced cross-culturally （ C） the teaching profession is not prepared for the growing diversity （ D） more and more immigrants from Asia speak languages other than English 35 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） a great majority of the immigrants into the US in the early 20th century were white