[考研类试卷]GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷23及答案与解析.doc

1、GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 一、 Part I Vocabulary and Structure Directions: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the

2、 center. 1 People can _ new ideas which nobody ever considered before. （ A） came into （ B） come up with （ C） come out （ D） come along with 2 The terrible noise is _ me mad. （ A） turning （ B） driving （ C） setting （ D） putting 3 Some areas, _ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated. （ A）

3、 due to （ B） with regard to （ C） but for （ D） in spite of 4 Too much love that parents give their children may make them _. （ A） harmed （ B） damaged （ C） destroyed （ D） spoiled 5 What do you think about these cakes? Id like to have （ A） some other （ B） another （ C） the other （ D） other 6 Who allowed

4、 you _ my car? （ A） driving （ B） to drive （ C） tiding （ D） to tide 7 Many important officers were _ in that case. （ A） included （ B） involved （ C） contained （ D） revolved 8 This was the first time that he _ so beautiful scenery. （ A） has seen （ B） had seen （ C） would see （ D） saw 9 I wish I had been

5、 in the party last night, but I _. （ A） would be very busy （ B） has been very busy （ C） was very busy （ D） am very busy 10 This pair of glasses is similar to _ you bought last week. （ A） the one （ B） the one which （ C） the ones what （ D） the ones 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension Directions: In this

6、part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 11 After the violent earthquake that shook Los A

7、ngeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: the damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25, 000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively

8、less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the citys highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the citys buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes

9、. Despite the good news, civil engineers arent resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resis

10、tant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings

11、 brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings. The structures respond like living organisms to an earthquakes vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures

12、could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes. 11 One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that _. （ A） new computers had been installed in the buildings （ B） it occurred

13、in the residential areas rather than on the highways （ C） large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday （ D） improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways 12 The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to _. （ A） counterbalance an earthquakes a

14、ction on the building （ B） predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy （ C） help strengthen the foundation of the building （ D） measure the impact of an earthquakes vibrations 13 The smart buildings discussed in the passage _. （ A） would cause serious financial problems （ B） would be worthwhil

15、e though costly （ C） would increase the complexity of architectural design （ D） can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes 14 It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on _. （ A） the increasing use of rubber and st

16、eel in capital construction （ B） the development of flexible building materials （ C） the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations （ D） early forecasts of earthquakes 15 The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to _. （ A） compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the

17、U.S. （ B） encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computers （ C） outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materials （ D） report new developments in constructing quake-resistant building 16 In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acqu

18、isition(学会 ) of each new skill the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen

19、 at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm

20、for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed repre

21、sent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德

22、 ). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach(说教 ), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A

23、 sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 16 Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skills _. （ A） should be avoided （ B） is universal among parents （ C） sets up dangerous states of worry in the child （ D） wi

24、ll make him lose interest in learning new things 17 In the process of childrens learning new skills parents _. （ A） should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read （ B） should not expect too much of them （ C） should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard an

25、d leaving them on their own （ D） should create as many learning opportunities as possible 18 The second paragraph mainly tells us that _. （ A） parents should be strict with their children （ B） parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community （ C） parental restr

26、ictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone （ D） parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation 19 The word “precept“(Line 3, Para. 3) probably means“ _“. （ A） idea （ B） punishment （ C） behaviour （ D） instruction 20 In moral mat

27、ters, parents should _. （ A） observe the rules themselves （ B） be aware of the marked difference between adults and children （ C） forbid things which have no foundation in morality （ D） consistently ensure the security of their children 21 Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans wer

28、e still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判 ) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛 ) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three peri

29、ods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the videota

30、pes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows

31、 the optimum(最佳的 )distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve

32、the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If keeping

33、up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical. 21 The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _. （ A） review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup （ B） analyse the causes of errors made by football referees （ C） set a standard for football re

34、fereeing （ D） reexamine the rules for football refereeing 22 The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _. （ A） slightly above average （ B） higher than in the 1998 World Cup （ C） quite unexpected （ D） as high as in a standard march 23 The findings of the experiment show that _.

35、（ A） errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball （ B） the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors （ C） the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur （ D） errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 24 The word “officials“(Lin

36、e 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to _. （ A） the researchers involved in the experiment （ B） the inspectors of the football tournament （ C） the referees of the football tournament （ D） the observers at the site of the experiment 25 What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment? （ A） The

37、 ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 35. （ B） Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee. （ C） A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible. （ D） An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

38、 26 A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. Ones physical assets and liabilities dont count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best. Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful a

39、nd not-so-beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible

40、 exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties(虔诚 ) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works somethi

41、ng like this. They give each member of a group-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individuals accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show

42、 a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. Almost invariably, the better loo

43、king the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University p

44、rofessor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making its easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public ey

45、e. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive. 26 According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career as manager _. （ A） a p

46、ersons property or debts do not matter much （ B） a persons outward appearance is not a critical qualification （ C） women should always dress fashionably （ D） women should not only be attractive but also high-minded 27 The result of research carried out by social scientists show that _. （ A） people d

47、o not realize the importance of looking ones best （ B） women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well （ C） good-looking women aspire to managerial positions （ D） attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not 28 Experments by scientists have shown that when

48、people evaluate individuals on certain attributes _. （ A） they observe the principle that beauty is only skin-deep （ B） they do not usually act according to the views they support （ C） they give ordinary-looking persons the lowest ratings （ D） they tend to base their judgment on the individuals acco

49、mplishments 29 Good looks cut both ways for women(Line 1, Para. 5) means that _. （ A） attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobs （ B） good-looking women always get the best of everything （ C） being attractive is not always an advantage for women （ D） attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions 30 It can inferred from the passage that in the business world _. （ A） h