1、考研英语模拟试卷 135及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Many mobile operators already offer a selection of television channels or individual shows, which are sent (1)_ across their third-
2、generation (3G) networks. In South Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial broadcast networks, which is far more (2)_ than sending video across mobile networks; similar broadcasts will begin in Japan in April. Similar mobile-TV networks will also be built in Fin
3、land and America, and are being (3)_ in many other countries. Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which (4)_ a video-capable version of its iPod portable music player in this October, is (5)_ a bargain with television networks to expand the (6)_ of shows that can be purchased (7)_ viewing on the device. And
4、mobile TV was one of the big (8)_ at the worlds largest technology fair, the Consumer Electronic Show. (9)_ all this activity, however, the (10)_ for mobile TV are unclear. For a start, nobody (11)_ knows if consumers will pay for it, though surveys suggest they like the idea. One (12)_ agency of th
5、e field, says there will be 125m mobile-TV users by 2010, but many other mobile technologies inspired high hopes and then failed to (13)_ up to expectations. And (14)_ people do want TV on the move, there is (15)_ uncertainty in three areas: technology, business models and the (16)_ itself. The (17)
6、_ for mobile TV is vast, in short, but (18)_ is the degree of uncertainty over how it should actually be put into practice. Most observers do not expect widespread (19)_ of mobile TV, if it comes at all, until 2008 at the earliest, since building the required ecosystem of technology, partnerships an
7、d content will (20)_ some time. ( A) along ( B) off ( C) forth ( D) on ( A) effective ( B) efficient ( C) competent ( D) adequate ( A) examined ( B) tested ( C) verified ( D) prove ( A) launched ( B) interpreted ( C) discovered ( D) embarked ( A) hitting ( B) beating ( C) knocking ( D) striking ( A)
8、 tension ( B) status ( C) range ( D) significance ( A) for ( B) to ( C) by ( D) across ( A) current ( B) tendency ( C) drift ( D) trends ( A) As for ( B) Despite ( C) In spite ( D) Instead ( A) respects ( B) retrospect ( C) prospects ( D) aspects ( A) really ( B) actually ( C) absolutely ( D) eventu
9、ally ( A) consultant ( B) consulting ( C) consolatory ( D) consultable ( A) live ( B) pat ( C) catch ( D) make ( A) as if ( B) even if ( C) if only ( D) if ( A) additive ( B) furthermore ( C) another ( D) further ( A) competition ( B) context ( C) contest ( D) content ( A) insight ( B) potential ( C
10、) capability ( D) power ( A) so ( B) what ( C) such ( D) that ( A) adaptation ( B) addiction ( C) adoption ( D) adoration ( A) use ( B) spend ( C) cost ( D) take Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 On Mar. 14
11、th, when Wal-Mart Stores Inc. announced its first foray into Japan, the Bentonville (Ark.) retailing giant placed a big bet that it could succeed where countless other foreign companies have failed. In the past five years, a number of famous Western brands have been forced to close up shop after fai
12、ling to catch on in Japan, one of the worlds largest but most variable consumer markets. May Wal-Mart make a go of it where others have stumbled? One good sign is that the mass marketer is not rushing in blindly. It has taken an initial 6.1% stake in ailing food-and-clothing chain Seiyu Ltd., which
13、it can raise to a controlling 33.4% by year end and to 66.7% by 2007. That gives Wal-Mart time to revise its strategy or run for the exits. The question is whether Wal-Mart can apply the lessons it has learned. in other parts of Asia to Japan. This, after all, is a nation of notoriously finicky cons
14、umers who have become even more so since Japan slipped into a decade-long slump. How will Wal-Mart bring to bear its legendary cost-cutting savvy in a market already affected by falling prices? Analysts are understandably skeptical. “It is uncertain whether Wal-Marts business models will be effectiv
15、e in Japan,“ Standard Doesnt enjoy reading; Doesnt read much; Doesnt understand; Reads slowly.“ and so on. Extensive reading can help readers “enter instead the cycle of growth.The virtuous circle of the good reader: Reads faster; Reads more; Understands better; Enjoys reading; Reads faster.“ E. The
16、re is no upper limit to the amount of reading that can be done, but a book a week is probably the minimum amount of reading necessary to achieve the benefits of extensive reading and to establish a reading habit. F. What Henry noticed about her kevel-1 non-reading undergraduates is no less true in f
17、oreign language reading: “My students needed to read for themselves, not for me.“ For students used to working with textbooks and teacher-selected texts, the freedom to choose reading material and freedom to stop reading may be a crucial step in experiencing foreign language reading as something per
18、sonal. Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points) 46 The winner takes all, it is widely supposed in computing circles. Indeed, geeks have coined a word, “Googlearchy“, for the way in which search engines encourage web tra
19、ffic towards the most popular sites. (46)The belief that search engines make popular websites ever more popular, at the expense of other pages, is now being challenged by research. (47)The apparently magical ability of search engines such as Google to return relevant websites even when given the ske
20、tchiest of clues by the person entering a query relies on the use of mathematical recipes or algorithms. Google works by analyzing the structure of the web itself. Each of its billions of pages can link to other pages and can also, in turn, be linked to by others. Furthermore, if the pages that link
21、 to this page are also important, then that page is even more likely to be important. (48)The algorithm has been made increasingly complex over the years, to deter those who would manipulate their pages to appear higher in the rankings, but it remains at the heart of Googles success. Google is not a
22、lone in this. Many search engines take account of the number of links to a web site when they return the results of a search. (49)Because of this, there is a widespread belief among computer, social and political scientists that search engines create a vicious circle that amplifies the dominance of
23、established and already popular websites. Pages returned by search engines are more likely to be discovered and consequently linked to by others. Not so, according to a controversial new paper that has recently appeared on arXiv, an online collection of physics and related papers. In it, Santo Fortu
24、nato and his colleagues at Indiana University in America and Bielefeld University in Germany claim that search engines actually have an egalitarian effect that increases traffic to less popular sites. The researchers developed a model that described two extreme cases. In the first, people browsed th
25、e web only by surfing random links. In the second, people only visited pages that were re turned by search engines. The researchers then turned to the real world. They plotted the traffic to a website measured as the fraction of all page views made in a three-month period against the number of incom
26、ing links made to that website. (50)To their surprise, they found that the relationship between the two did not lie between the extremes suggested by their model but somewhere completely different. It appears to show that the supposed bias in favour of popular pages is actually mitigated by the comb
27、ination of search engines and people following random links. Part A Directions: Write a composition/letter of no less than 100 words on the following information. (10 points) 51 For some reason, you failed to answer your friend Davids letter in time. Write a letter with no less than 100 words to exp
28、lain the reasons. Write it neatly and do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address. Part B Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information. (20 points) 52 Study the following set of drawings carefully a
29、nd write an essay in which you should 1) describe the drawings, 2) interpret its meaning, and 3) give your point of view. You should write about 160-200 words neatly. 考研英语模拟试卷 135答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank an
30、d mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 短语辨析题。 which引导定语从句,该句谓语动词为 send短语,与先行词 a selection of television channels or individual shows(可供选择的电视频道或个性化节目 )为被动关系, send forth意为 “发出,放出 “,是指通过 3G网络传输方式提供以上服务。 send along意为 “发送,派遣 “; send off意为 “寄出,派遣 “;send on意为 “预送,转送 “。 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。本
31、文主题句引出 3G网络这一新的传输方式,并与传统的传输方式 mobile net works做了比较,该句意为 “电视节目通过卫星和地面广播网络传输到手机上,这比通过移动网 络传输视频节目要有效得多 “。 efficient意为 “有效的,效率高的 “,符合句意。 effective意为 “有效的,具有预期或先见效果的 “,不强调效率的高低; competent意为 “有能力的,胜任的 “; adequate意为 “足够的 “,例: We took adequate food for the holiday我们为假期带足了食品。 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。本段主要介绍 3
32、G网络这一新的传输方式,各国正在或将要测试或已建成这样的网络,而本题谓语动词为进行时的被动结构,空格所填 动词应与该句主语 networks构成动宾关系,因此选 tested,指 3G网络在其他许多国家正处于测试阶段。 examine意为 “检查,细查 “,如: The doctor examined her carefully.医生给她做了仔细的检查; verify意为 “证明,证实,通过提供证据或证词来证明 的真相 “; prove指 “证明,通过提供论据或证据来确立真实性或有效性 “。 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。第二段介绍随着 3G网络的出现应运而生的一些产品,本句
33、提到苹果公司开发的一款播放器, launch意为 “推出 (新产品 ),介绍给大众或市场 “,符合句意。 interpret意为 “说明,解释 的意思 “; discover意为 “发现,发觉 “,尤指获得知识或明白以前所不知的事情; embark“(常与 on, in连用 )开始,从事 “。 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 固定搭配题。 strike a bargain意为 “成交,达成协议 “。 hit“打,打击 “; beat“打,打败 “; knock“敲,敲打 “;这三个动词均不可与 bargain构成固定搭配。 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词汇辨析 题。苹果电脑公司正在
34、与电视广播公司谈判,目的是对其现在所有的节目 expand,即 “扩展 “,也就是要增加节目种类、范围。因此选range,意为 “范围 “,又如: a wide rage of temperature气温变化很大。 tension意为 “拉紧,将某物拉紧的行为或过程 “; status意为 “地位,身份,相对于其他人的位置 “; significance意为 “意义,重要性 “;以上三个词均与原文意思不符。 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 语义衔接题。本句主要讲苹果公司力争增加其节目种类,因此与电视广播 公司进行谈判,使观众可以购买 (can be purchased)节日,为的是 vie
35、wing on the device,即利用该公司设备收看节目。也就是说,观众付费是为了收看电视节目,所以 call be pushed之后出现的应是目的状语,因此选 for。 to如果引导动词不定式,是可以做目的状语的,但之后是 viewing,所以不正确; by通常引导方式状语; across表示方位,作地点状语。 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。文章前两段列举了各国许多手机运营商通过 3G网络传输方式提供可供 选择的电视频道或个性化节目,这就表明手机电视已成为全球的潮流和发展趋势,因此选 trend,意为 “倾向,趋势 “,经常指普遍的或流行的方向,尤指在某一特定领域的流
36、行趋势。 current暗示路线或流动,如思想观点的,尤指特定时间或地点的典型代表,如: These words express the whole current of modern feeling这些词表达了现代情感的整体潮流。 tendency“趋向,倾向 “,暗含着以某一特定方式进行的倾向,如: The tendency of our own day is towards firm, solid, verifiable knowledge我们今天的趋势是朝向一种坚定、稳定且可证明的知识发展的。 drift“倾向 “指其方向或路线依赖于一种如水流或潮流般的推动力,如: Political
37、 conservatives fear a drift toward communism in Latin America.政治保守派们对拉丁美洲的共产主义倾向感到恐惧。 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 逻辑衔接题。前文主要讲手机电视成为各大手机运营商积极开发的项目, 并成为技术展览会上的主打之一。本段首句出现 however,意为 “可是,仍然 “,而且还有 unclear这样的否定词,所以本段所讲述的内容必然与前文有转折关系,因此选 despite“不管,尽管,不论 “,引导让步状语。 as for意为 “至于,就 方面说来 “; in spite与 of连用才完整,意为 “不管 “;
38、 instead“代替,更换 “。 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。前段主要讲到手机电视发展的良好进展,本段首句转折,指出仍然存在问题,必然是说手机电视作为新生事物,它的发展前景不是完全乐 观的。选 prospect意为 “前景,前途 “,即其发展前景依然不甚明朗,正好符合上下文的意思。 respect意为 “尊敬,敬重 “; retrospect意为 “回顾 “; aspect意为 “(问题等的 )方面 “;这三个词的词义均不符合句意。 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 语义衔接题。前句提到手机电视的发展前景不明朗,本句开始列举原因,首先,无法得知消费者是否愿意付费,尽
39、管调查显示消费者对这一想法表示赞许。这里选 really“真正地,实在地 “,起到了加强否定语气的作用,本句意为:没有人真正了解消费者是否愿意为手机电视付费。 actually“实际上,真实地“,强调事情的真实性,如: Actually its we that owe you a lot实际上,应该是我们感谢您。 absolutely“完全地,绝对地 “; eventually“最后,终于 “。 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 固定搭配题。 consulting agency指咨询机构, consulting“咨询的“。 consultant“顾问,咨询者 “; consolatory“
40、慰问的,可藉慰的 “; consultable“可与之商量的,可被咨询的 “。 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短语辨析题; live up to 意为 “真正做到,无愧于 “,原文意思是:许多其他移动技术也曾经激发起人们很高的期望,但后来并未如人所愿。另如:We will live up to what our parents expect of us。我们决不辜负父母亲对我们的期望。本题另外三个选项的正确短语结构及含义分别为: put up with“忍受,容忍“; catch up with“赶上,处罚 “; make up to“讨好,奉承 “; make up for“补偿 “
41、。 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 逻辑衔接题。本句应为主从复合句,主句提到 uncertainty in three areas,即在三个方面存在着不确定性,从句的大意是:人们确实想看移动电视,可以判断主从句有相反的意思, even if表示 “即使 “,引导让步状语从句,符合句意。 as if意为 “似乎,仿佛 “,例: She looked as if she were made of ice她看起来似乎是冰做的。 if only“只要 “,如: if only I got invited, I would be glad to go.只要我被邀请,我一定会去。 if“如果,倘若
42、“,引导条件状语从句,如: If I were to go, I would be late倘若我去,就要迟到。 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。 further意为 “更远的,更多的,深一层的 “,本句提到即使人们确实想看移动电视,在三个方面还存在着不确定性, further uncertainty意为 “更多的不确定性 “。 additive“附加的,添加的 “; furthermore“此外,而且 “,是副词; another“另外的,不同的 “,用于指区别于前面已经提到的一项;这三个词的词义或词性不符合原文意思。 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 词汇辨析题。本句
43、表示移动电视在三个方面还存在着不确定性,除技术、商业模式之外,还有空格部分。 content“内容 “,是与商业模式等载体相对应的内容本身。此外,文章最后一句也有照应,提到了 technology, partnerships and content。 competition“斗争,竞争 “; context“上下文,文章的前后关系 “;contest“争论,竞赛 “;这三个词均与原文意思不符。 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 语义衔接题。 potential“潜能,潜力 “;上文提到手机电视的发展还存在三个方面的不确定性,但是它的发展前景还是乐观的,本段首句顺接前文的意思,指出手机电视的
44、发展潜力是巨大 的。 insight意为 “洞察力,见识 “;capability意为 “(实际 )能力,性能 “; power意为 “能力,力量,动力 “;这三个词的词义均不符合上下文的意思。 18 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 结构衔接题。选 so用于代替前文提到过的形容词,即前一句的vast,手机电视的前景广阔,同样将其付诸实践的不确定性也很大。如: Hes clever, probably too much so for his own good他聪明,可能聪明到了于已有害的地步。 what、 such、 that三个词用在这里 均不能顺接文章意思。 19 【正确答案】 C 【试题解
45、析】 词汇辨析题。本段段首提到将手机电视付诸实践的不确定性很大,也就是说手机用户普遍使用这一服务的可能性较小,本题选 adoption意为 “采用“,即使手机电视可以得到推广,但至少 2008年前不会被广泛应用。 adaptation意为 “适应,改编 “; addiction意为 “沉溺,上瘾 “; adoration意为 “崇拜,爱慕 “;均与题意不符。 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 固定搭配题。 take some time意为 “需要花费一些时间 “,本句意为“建立一个包括技术、合作关系和内容所必需的生态系统需要一定时间 “。 use和cost虽然有 “使用,花费 “的意思,但
46、不与时间搭配使用; spend可以指花费时间,但其主语一般为人,后应接一个具体的时间,如: spent an hour each day exercising。 Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 题干问: “从文章开头可以知道, Wal-Mart商店将 “ 。根据文章的背景可知, Wal-Mart商店将 “开发日本潜在的市场 “。而选项 “使日
47、本零售行业产生革命 “, “变得更大 “以及 “退出日本市场 “都不是进入日本市场时的情形,皆不符合题意。 22 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 题干问: “根据原文所述,日本的消费者 “ 。根据原文第 2、 3自然段的叙述,日本的消费者由于受到经济萧条的影响而适应了廉价商品,所以在日本实行廉价商品的销售还是 个很难解决的问题,所以日本的消费者是相当 “难以满足的 “。而选项 “容易受到欺骗 “, “抵制外来人员 “以及 “对新思想的开放 “皆不符合题意。 23 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 题干问: “根据第 2自然段, make a go of it的意思可能是 “ 。根据本段的上下文,
48、 “make a go of it“的意思是 “achieve great success(获得极大的成就或成功 )“。而选项 “受欢迎 “, “相当费劲 “以及 “处于关键阶段 “皆不符合题意。 24 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 题干问 : “从原文第 4自然段我们可以得到 “ 。根据作者在第 4自然段的阐述, Seiyu公司虽然债务累累,但是它作为零售店还是有发展前途与空间的,所以 “Wal-Mart与 Seiyu公司的合作还需要进一步检查 “,选项 25 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 题干问: “作者的态度是 “ 。根据本文的中心,作者从有利和不利两个方面来阐述问题,所以其态度是
49、“客观的 “。而选项 “乐观的 “, “悲观的 “以及“抵触的 “皆不符合题意。 26 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 题干问: “根据作者的谈论,美国经济 “ 。作者认为, 美国经济 “比联邦银行所想象的要好得多 “。而选项 “不可能达到持续的增长 “, “达到最弱的一点 “以及 “已经完全恢复了 “皆不是美国经济的现状,不符合题意。 27 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 题干问: “美国经济复苏的强烈动态反映在 “ 。根据原文第 2、3、 4自然段,美国经济复苏的强烈动态在 “技术行业生产的大量增加 “方面有所反映。而选项 “制造行业的大量裁员 “, “信息技术产品的进口货运 “以及 “一月份不断增加的贸易差额 “皆不符合题意。 28 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 题干问: “第 3自然段作者提出 的 evenly mixed(忧喜参半 )的情形,为的是 “ 。作者虽然在第 3自然段提过 “evenly mixed“,但是第 4自然段才是描述美国真实的经济状态的,所以第 3自然段的 “evenly mixed“不能反映美
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