ASTM C717-2009 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants.pdf

1、Designation: C 717 09Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses i

2、ndicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and de-scriptions of terms used or likely to be used in test methods,specifications, guides, and practices (rela

3、ted to building sealsand sealants) consistent with the scope and areas of interest ofASTM Committee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written toensure that building seals and sealants standards are properlyunderstood and interpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 644 Te

4、rminology Relating to Iron CastingsC 509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular PreformedGasket and Sealing MaterialC 542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC 716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets andInfill Glazing MaterialsC 790 Guide for Use of Latex Sealants3C 797 Practices for Use

5、 of Oil- and Resin-Based Putty andGlazing Compounds3C 961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC 964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC 1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing ofBuilding SealantsC 1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1079 T

6、erminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproof-ingD 1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinylChloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam)3D 1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD 2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers(Bundle Test)E 631 Terminology of Building Constructions3

7、. Significance and Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, andpractices. The purpose of such use is to promote a clearunderstanding and in

8、terpretation of the standards in which theyare used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sensepossible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitionshave not been limited to a specific technical field when theycan have a multi-field application.3.1.3 The definition of a term th

9、at can have differentmeanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phraselimiting it to the specific field intended, that is, “in buildingconstruction.”3.2 Description of Terms:3.2.1 Descriptions of Terms are special purpose definitionsintended to provide a precise understanding and interp

10、retationof the seals and sealants standards in which they are used.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to thestandard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each standard in which a term is used, in a speciallydefined manner, should list the term and its descript

11、ion underthe subheading, descriptions of terms.4. Terminology4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesive failure, nin building construction, failure of thebond between the sealant, adhesive, or coating and thesubstrate surface.aerosol container, empty, nin building construction,anaerosol container is conside

12、red empty when the product flowreaches 0.5 g per second or less.back bedding, nSee bedding.back putty, nSee bedding.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 onBuilding Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01on Terminology of Building Seals

13、and Sealants.The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and theASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published February 2009. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 717 08.2For referenced AST

14、M standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We

15、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.back-up materialSee sealant backing.band aid sealant joint, nUse bridge sealant joint (pre-ferred term).bead, nin building construction, in sealants and glazing, astrip of applied sealant, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin building construction in glaz

16、ing, to apply a bead ofsealant between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationarystops or sight bars of the sash or frame.bed, nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in glazing, a bead ofsealant applied between a lite of glass or a panel and thestationary stop or sight bar of the sash or

17、 frame. It is usuallythe first bead to be applied when setting glass or panels.bicellular sealant backing, na flexible and very compress-ible extruded shape (usually cylindrical), with a surface skin,that is composed of both open and closed cell material.bite, nin building construction in glazing, t

18、he effectivestructural contact dimension of a structural sealant. (See Fig.1 and Fig. 2.)bloom, nin building construction, a substance formed byblooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or diffusionof a component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreactedpolymer or other formulation ingr

19、edient to a sealant surface.bond breakerin building construction, a material to preventadhesion at a designated interface.bridge sealant joint, nin building construction, a jointwhere sealant is applied over the joint to the face ofsubstrates that are in approximately the same plane (see Fig.3).FIG.

20、 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717092DISCUSSIONNot to be confused with joints in bridges.building sealSee seal.butt glazing, nin building construction, a glazing systemwherein butt joints are formed between lites and filled witha glazing sealant.butt joint, nSee butt sealant join

21、t. (See Fig. 4.)butt sealant joint, nin building construction, a joint wheresealant is applied within the joint between approximatelyparallel substrate surfaces that are face-to-edge or edge-to-edge. (See Fig. 4.)casting spacer, nin building construction, a rigid materialwith anti-adherent propertie

22、s.DISCUSSIONCasting spacers are used to maintain the joint dimen-sions during extrusion, tooling, and curing of a sealant, followed by thetrouble-free removal of the casting spacers, during the fabrication ofsealant joint specimens.caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealantacros

23、s or into a joint, crack, or crevice.caulk, nSee sealant.caulking, nSee sealant.caulking compound, nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded partially or com-pletely by walls. D 1566;D11cellular material, na generic term for materials containingmany cells (either open, closed, or both) di

24、spersed throughthe mass. D 1565, D 1566;D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed bychalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.chalking, vin building construction, formation of a powderon the surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegrationof the polymer or binding med

25、ium due to weathering.DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white, however adarker color can also exhibit chalking.closed cell, na cell totally enclosed by its walls and hencenot interconnecting with other cells. D 883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which substan-tiall

26、y all cells in the mass are closed cells.FIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertical Corner Structural Sealant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)FIG. 3 Bridge Sealant JointC717093closed cell sealant backing, nin building construction,aflexible and somewhat compressible extruded shape (usuallycylindrical),

27、 with a surface skin, that is composed of closedcell material.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure charac-terized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or patibility, nin building construction, the capability oftwo or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enoughto intera

28、ct, with no detrimental patible materials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredientsnecessary for a finished material or pression gasket, na gasket designed to be used pression glazing, nsee compression glazing pression glazing, vin building construction, the act ofinstalling component

29、s into a compression glazing pression glazing system, nin building construction,gasket(s) or a combination of sealant(s) and gasket(s) used toprovide weather-tightness by way of continuous pressure onthe components in the pression seal, na seal which is attained by a compres-sive force on the sealin

30、g material.construction joint, nin building construction, a formed orassembled joint at a predetermined location where twosuccessive placements (“lifts”) of concrete meet.DISCUSSIONFrequently a keyway or reinforcement is placed acrossthe joint. With proper design, this joint may also function as a c

31、ontrolor an isolation joint.control joint, nin building construction, a formed, sawed,tooled, or assembled joint acting to regulate the location anddegree of cracking and separation resulting from the dimen-sional change of different elements of a structure.DISCUSSIONThe joint is usually installed i

32、n concrete and concretemasonry construction to induce controlled cracking at preselectedlocations or where a concentration of stresses is expected.crazed, adjin building construction, having a random net-work of cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetratethrough the body of the material.craze

33、d, adjin building construction, exhibiting crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracksin the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONCrazing may or may not affect product performance.crazing, vin building construction, the formation of anetwork of random surface cracks in a sealant.c

34、reep, nthe time dependent part of a strain resulting fromstress. D 1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intendedperformance properties of a compound by means of evapo-ration, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, or combinationsthereof.cure, nin building construction, the process by

35、 which acompound attains its intended performance properties bymeans of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, orcombinations thereof.cured, adjin building construction, pertaining to the state ofa compound that has attained its intended performanceproperties by means of evaporation, chemi

36、cal reaction, heat,radiation, or combinations thereof.dense rubber, nin building construction, a solid rubbermaterial substantially free of cells or porosity.dirt pick-up, nin building construction, soiling caused by aforeign material other than micro-organism growth that isdeposited on, adhered to,

37、 or embedded into a sealant.DISCUSSIONMicro-organism growth can produce a similar appear-ance.durabilityin building construction, a general term for resis-tance to deleterious change of an installed sealant.DISCUSSIONDurability describes the ability of a sealant to maintainthe required properties fo

38、r its intended service. Durability is based onASealantBSealant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 4 Butt Sealant JointC717094the length of time that a sealant can maintain its innate characteristicsin use. This time will vary depending on the environment and use of theseala

39、nt (for example, outdoor versus indoor use).durability limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.edge spacer, nin building construction in glazing, a spacerplaced to prevent edge contact and to position laterally apane of glass or a panel within the supporting frame.elastomer, nfor gaskets and co

40、uplings for plumbing andsewer piping, a macromolecular material that returns rapidlyto approximately its original dimensions and shape aftersubstantial deformation by a weak force and release of theforce.DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymersystems-thermoset and theromplastic. b

41、) In standards for rubber, theword elastomer is not to be used interchangeably for the term “rubber”.D 1566;D11elastomer, nin building construction in glazing, a macromo-lecular material, which deformed within its service tempera-ture range, is capable of recovering substantially in size andshape af

42、ter removal of a deforming force.elastomeric, adjhaving the characteristics of an elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress.D 1566;D11expanded rubber, nin building construction, an elastomericclosed-cell material made by incorporating a gas-producingingredient into a rubber compo

43、und that decomposes duringvulcanization, producing gas bubbles that expand the com-pound; the bubbles are predominately non-interconnecting.expansion joint, nin building construction, a formed orassembled joint at a predetermined location, which preventthe transfer of forces across the joint as a re

44、sult of movementor dimensional change of different elements of a structure orbuilding.expansion joint seal, nin building construction, a seal orsealant system that provides an elastic, compressible, orflexible barrier to the passage of gases, liquids, or solids.extrudability, nin building constructi

45、on, the ability of asealant under pressure to flow through an orifice.face glazing, nthe method of glazing in which a rabbetedglazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and atriangular bead of compound is applied to the face of the liteand extended onto the recess.fillet bead joint, nUse fillet

46、 sealant joint (preferred term).(See Fig. 5.)fillet sealant joint, nin building construction, a joint wheresealant is applied over the joint to the face of substrates thatare approximately perpendicular to each other (see Fig. 5).flow, vin building construction, the deformation of a tapesealant unde

47、r stress.fluid migration, nin building construction, accumulation ofa fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.four-side structural sealant glazing, nin building construc-tion, a glazing system wherein all sides of a rectangular-s

48、haped lite or panel are structural sealant glazed.gasket, nany preformed, deformable device designed to beplaced between two adjoining parts to provide a seal.glazing, vin building construction, the installation of glass orother materials in prepared openings.glazing compound, nin building construct

49、ion in glazing, aputty material composed primarily of oil- or resin-basedingredients used for sealing window glass in frames.DISCUSSIONHistorically these compounds cure primarily throughsolvent evaporation, oxidation or both. Compounds other than oil- orresin-based can be used for glazing, though they may not have aputty-like consistency.glazing, construction site, nin building construction, t