ASTM C717-2010 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants《建筑密封件和密封胶标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: C717 10Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses ind

2、icates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and de-scriptions of terms used or likely to be used in test methods,specifications, guides, and practices (relate

3、d to building sealsand sealants) consistent with the scope and areas of interest ofASTM Committee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written toensure that building seals and sealants standards are properlyunderstood and interpreted.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Termi

4、nology Relating to Iron CastingsC509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular PreformedGasket and Sealing MaterialC542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets andInfill Glazing MaterialsC790 Guide for Use of Latex Sealants3C797 Practices for Use of Oil-

5、 and Resin-Based Putty andGlazing Compounds3C961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing ofBuilding SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1079 Terminology Rel

6、ating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular MaterialsVinylChloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam)3D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (BundleTest)E631 Terminology of Building Constructions3. Significance and

7、Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, andpractices. The purpose of such use is to promote a clearunderstanding and interpretation of the

8、 standards in which theyare used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sensepossible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitionshave not been limited to a specific technical field when theycan have a multi-field application.3.1.3 The definition of a term that can have differe

9、ntmeanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phraselimiting it to the specific field intended, that is, “in buildingconstruction.”3.2 Description of Terms:3.2.1 Descriptions of Terms are special purpose definitionsintended to provide a precise understanding and interpretationof the seal

10、s and sealants standards in which they are used.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to thestandard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each standard in which a term is used, in a speciallydefined manner, should list the term and its description underthe subhea

11、ding, descriptions of terms.4. Terminology4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesion failure, nin building construction, failure of thebond between a sealant and a substrate.DISCUSSIONThis definition pertains to interfacial adhesion failure, alack of bond at the interface between the materials. Interphasala

12、dhesion failure, within the sealant or substrate near the interface, isless common and may appear to be interfacial without the use ofmagnification.adhesive failure, nuse adhesion failure (preferred term).aerosol container, empty, nin building construction,anaerosol container is considered empty whe

13、n the product flowreaches 0.5 g per second or less.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 onBuilding Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01on Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants.The boldface designations refer to the original sour

14、ce of the definition and theASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C717 09. DOI:10.1520/C0717-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm

15、.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International,

16、 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.back bedding, nSee bedding.back putty, nSee bedding.back-up materialSee sealant backing.band aid sealant joint, nUse bridge sealant joint (pre-ferred term).bead, nin building construction, in sealants and glazing, a

17、strip of applied sealant, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin building construction in glazing, to apply a bead ofsealant between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationarystops or sight bars of the sash or frame.bed, nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in glazing, a bead ofsealant ap

18、plied between a lite of glass or a panel and thestationary stop or sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usuallythe first bead to be applied when setting glass or panels.bicellular sealant backing, na flexible and very compress-ible extruded shape (usually cylindrical), with a surface skin,that is c

19、omposed of both open and closed cell material.bite, nin building construction in glazing, the effectivestructural contact dimension of a structural sealant. (See Fig.1 and Fig. 2.)bloom, nin building construction, a substance formed byblooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or diffusi

20、onof a component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreactedpolymer or other formulation ingredient to a sealant surface.bond breakerin building construction, a material to preventadhesion at a designated interface.bridge sealant joint, nin building construction, a jointwhere sealant is applied over t

21、he joint to the face ofFIG. 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717 102substrates that are in approximately the same plane (see Fig.3).DISCUSSIONNot to be confused with joints in bridges.building sealSee seal.butt glazing, nin building construction, a glazing systemwherein butt joints

22、are formed between lites and filled witha glazing sealant.butt joint, nSee butt sealant joint. (See Fig. 4.)butt sealant joint, nin building construction, a joint wheresealant is applied within the joint between approximatelyparallel substrate surfaces that are face-to-edge or edge-to-edge. (See Fig

23、. 4.)casting spacer, nin building construction, a rigid materialwith anti-adherent properties.DISCUSSIONCasting spacers are used to maintain the joint dimen-sions during extrusion, tooling, and curing of a sealant, followed by thetrouble-free removal of the casting spacers, during the fabrication of

24、sealant joint specimens.caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealantacross or into a joint, crack, or crevice.caulk, nSee sealant.caulking, nSee sealant.caulking compound, nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded partially or com-pletely by walls. D1566;D11cellular mat

25、erial, na generic term for materials containingmany cells (either open, closed, or both) dispersed throughthe mass. D1565, D1566;D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed bychalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.chalking, vin building construction, formation of a powderon t

26、he surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegrationof the polymer or binding medium due to weathering.FIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertical Corner Structural Sealant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)FIG. 3 Bridge Sealant JointC717 103DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white,

27、 however adarker color can also exhibit chalking.closed cell, na cell totally enclosed by its walls and hencenot interconnecting with other cells. D883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which substan-tially all cells in the mass are closed cells.closed cell sealant backing, nin build

28、ing construction,aflexible and somewhat compressible extruded shape (usuallycylindrical), with a surface skin, that is composed of closedcell material.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure charac-terized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or patibility, nin building construction

29、, the capability oftwo or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enoughto interact, with no detrimental patible materials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredientsnecessary for a finished material or pression gasket, na gasket designed to be used pression glazing, nsee compre

30、ssion glazing pression glazing, vin building construction, the act ofinstalling components into a compression glazing pression glazing system, nin building construction,gasket(s) or a combination of sealant(s) and gasket(s) used toprovide weather-tightness by way of continuous pressure onthe compone

31、nts in the pression seal, na seal which is attained by a compres-sive force on the sealing material.construction joint, nin building construction, a formed orassembled joint at a predetermined location where twosuccessive placements (“lifts”) of concrete meet.DISCUSSIONFrequently a keyway or reinfor

32、cement is placed acrossthe joint. With proper design, this joint may also function as a controlor an isolation joint.control joint, nin building construction, a formed, sawed,tooled, or assembled joint acting to regulate the location anddegree of cracking and separation resulting from the dimen-sion

33、al change of different elements of a structure.DISCUSSIONThe joint is usually installed in concrete and concretemasonry construction to induce controlled cracking at preselectedlocations or where a concentration of stresses is expected.crazed, adjin building construction, having a random net-work of

34、 cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetratethrough the body of the material.crazed, adjin building construction, exhibiting crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracksin the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONCrazing may or may not affect product performance.crazing, vin

35、 building construction, the formation of anetwork of random surface cracks in a sealant.creep, nthe time dependent part of a strain resulting fromstress. D1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intendedperformance properties of a compound by means of evapo-ration, chemical reaction,

36、 heat, radiation, or combinationsthereof.cure, nin building construction, the process by which acompound attains its intended performance properties bymeans of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, orcombinations thereof.cured, adjin building construction, pertaining to the state ofa comp

37、ound that has attained its intended performanceproperties by means of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat,radiation, or combinations thereof.dense rubber, nin building construction, a solid rubbermaterial substantially free of cells or porosity.dirt pick-up, nin building construction, soiling cause

38、d by aforeign material other than micro-organism growth that isdeposited on, adhered to, or embedded into a sealant.ASealantBSealant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 4 Butt Sealant JointC717 104DISCUSSIONMicro-organism growth can produce a similar appear-ance.durabilityin

39、 building construction, the ability of a seal orsealant to perform its required functions over a period oftime within the environment to which it is exposed.DISCUSSIONA seal or sealants required functions may includeaesthetic, economic, and functional performance considerations, amongothers.durabili

40、ty limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.edge spacer, nin building construction in glazing, a spacerplaced to prevent edge contact and to position laterally apane of glass or a panel within the supporting frame.elastomer, nfor gaskets and couplings for plumbing andsewer piping, a macromolecul

41、ar material that returns rapidlyto approximately its original dimensions and shape aftersubstantial deformation by a weak force and release of theforce.DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymersystems-thermoset and theromplastic. b) In standards for rubber, theword elastomer is not

42、to be used interchangeably for the term “rubber”.D1566;D11elastomer, nin building construction in glazing, a macromo-lecular material, which deformed within its service tempera-ture range, is capable of recovering substantially in size andshape after removal of a deforming force.elastomeric, adjhavi

43、ng the characteristics of an elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress.D1566;D11expanded rubber, nin building construction, an elastomericclosed-cell material made by incorporating a gas-producingingredient into a rubber compound that decomposes duringvulcanization, producing gas

44、 bubbles that expand the com-pound; the bubbles are predominately non-interconnecting.expansion joint, nin building construction, a formed orassembled joint at a predetermined location, which preventthe transfer of forces across the joint as a result of movementor dimensional change of different ele

45、ments of a structure orbuilding.expansion joint seal, nin building construction, a seal orsealant system that provides an elastic, compressible, orflexible barrier to the passage of gases, liquids, or solids.extrudability, nin building construction, the ability of asealant under pressure to flow thr

46、ough an orifice.face glazing, nthe method of glazing in which a rabbetedglazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and atriangular bead of compound is applied to the face of the liteand extended onto the recess.fillet bead joint, nUse fillet sealant joint (preferred term).(See Fig. 5.)fillet se

47、alant joint, nin building construction, a joint wheresealant is applied over the joint to the face of substrates thatare approximately perpendicular to each other (see Fig. 5).flow, vin building construction, the deformation of a tapesealant under stress.fluid migration, nin building construction, a

48、ccumulation ofa fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.four-side structural sealant glazing, nin building construc-tion, a glazing system wherein all sides of a rectangular-shaped lite or panel are structural sealant glazed.gask

49、et, nany preformed, deformable device designed to beplaced between two adjoining parts to provide a seal.glazing, vin building construction, the installation of glass orother materials in prepared openings.glazing compound, nin building construction in glazing, aASealantBSealant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 5 Fillet Sealant JointsC717 105putty materi