ASTM C717-2018 Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants《建筑密封件和密封剂的标准术语》.pdf

1、Designation: C717 18Standard Terminology ofBuilding Seals and Sealants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C717; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses ind

2、icates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard describes terms and definitions and de-scriptions of terms used in test methods, specifications, guides,and practices (related to building seals a

3、nd sealants) consistentwith the scope and areas of interest of ASTM Committee C24.1.2 Definitions and descriptions of terms are written toensure that building seals and sealants standards are properlyunderstood and interpreted.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with interna

4、tionally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A644 Te

5、rminology Relating to Iron CastingsC509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gas-ket and Sealing MaterialC542 Specification for Lock-Strip GasketsC716 Specification for Installing Lock-Strip Gaskets andInfill Glazing MaterialsC797 Practices for Use of Oil- and Resin-Based Putty andGlazin

6、g Compounds (Withdrawn 2002)3C961 Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of SealantsC964 Guide for Lock-Strip Gasket GlazingC1021 Practice for Laboratories Engaged in Testing ofBuilding SealantsC1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofin

7、g and WaterproofingD1565 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials-VinylChloride Polymers and Copolymers (Open-Cell Foam)(Withdrawn 1998)3D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (BundleTest)E631 Terminology of Building Constructions3. Significance an

8、d Use3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Terms and their related standard definitions in Section4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all buildingseals and sealants test methods, specifications, guides, andpractices. The purpose of such use is to promote a clearunderstanding and interpretation of t

9、he standards in which theyare used.3.1.2 Definitions of terms are written in the broadest sensepossible, consistent with the intended meaning. Definitionshave not been limited to a specific technical field when theycan have a multi-field application.3.1.3 The definition of a term that can have diffe

10、rentmeanings in different technical fields is preceded by a phraselimiting it to the specific field intended, that is, “in buildingconstruction.”3.2 Description of Terms:3.2.1 Descriptions of Terms are special purpose definitionsintended to provide a precise understanding and interpretationof the se

11、als and sealants standards in which they are used.3.2.2 A specific description of a term is applicable to thestandard or standards in which the term is described and used.3.2.3 Each standard in which a term is used, in a speciallydefined manner, should list the term and its description underthe subh

12、eading, descriptions of terms.4. Terminology4.1 Terms and Definitions:adhesive failure, nin building construction, failure of thebond between a sealant and a substrate.DISCUSSIONThis definition pertains to interfacial adhesive failure, alack of bond at the interface between the materials. Interphasa

13、l1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 onBuilding Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.01on Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants.The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and theASTM Technical Committ

14、ee having jurisdiction.Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C717 17a. DOI:10.1520/C0717-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceas

15、tm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 194

16、28-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Techn

17、ical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1adhesive failure, within the sealant or substrate near the interface, isless common and may appear to be interfacial without the use ofmagnification.adhesion failure, nuse adhesive failure (preferred term).aerosol container, empty, nin building construction,an

18、aerosol container is considered empty when the product flowreaches 0.5 g per second or less.back bedding, nSee bedding.back putty, nSee bedding.back-up materialSee sealant backing.bead, nin building construction, in sealants and glazing, astrip of applied sealant, glazing compound, or putty.bed, vin

19、 building construction in glazing, to apply a bead ofsealant between a lite of glass or a panel and the stationarystops or sight bars of the sash or frame.bed, nSee bedding.bedding, nin building construction in glazing, a bead ofsealant applied between a lite of glass or a panel and thestationary st

20、op or sight bar of the sash or frame. It is usuallythe first bead to be applied when setting glass or panels.bite, nin building construction in glazing, the effectivestructural contact dimension of a structural sealant. (See Fig.1 and Fig. 2.)bloom, nin building construction, a substance formed bybl

21、ooming.blooming, vin building construction, movement or diffusionof a component such as a plasticizer, monomer, unreactedpolymer or other formulation ingredient to a seal or sealantsurface.FIG. 1 Typical Structural Sealant Joint ConfigurationsC717 182bond breakerin building construction, a material

22、to preventadhesion at a designated interface.Fig. 3.)caulk, vin building construction, to install or apply a sealantacross or into a joint, crack, or crevice.caulk, nSee sealant.caulking, nSee sealant.caulking compound, nSee sealant.cell, na single small cavity surrounded partially or com-pletely by

23、 walls. D1566;D11cellular material, na generic term for materials containingmany cells (either open, closed, or both) dispersed throughthe mass. D1565, D1566;D11chalk, nin building construction, a powder formed bychalkingDISCUSSIONThe powder is not necessarily white.chalking, vin building constructi

24、on, formation of a powderon the surface of a sealant that is caused by the disintegrationof the polymer or binding medium due to weathering.DISCUSSIONChalk on a light color sealant is often white, however adarker color can also exhibit chalking.closed cell, na cell totally enclosed by its walls and

25、hence notinterconnecting with other cells. D883; D20closed cell material, na cellular material in which substan-tially all cells in the mass are closed cells.cohesive failure, nin building construction, failure charac-terized by rupture within the sealant, adhesive, or patibility, nin building const

26、ruction, the capability oftwo or more materials to be placed in contact, or near enoughto interact, with no detrimental patible materials, nSee pound, nan intimate mixture of all the ingredientsnecessary for a finished material or product.crazed, adjin building construction, having a random net-work

27、 of cracks in a sealant surface which do not penetratethrough the body of the material.crazed, adjin building construction, exhibiting crazing.crazing, nin building construction, a network of fine cracksin the surface of a sealant.DISCUSSIONCrazing may or may not affect product performance.crazing,

28、vin building construction, the formation of anetwork of random surface cracks in a sealant.creep, nthe time dependent part of a strain resulting fromstress. D1079; D08cure, vin building construction, to attain the intended per-formance properties of a compound by means ofevaporation, chemical reacti

29、on, heat, radiation, or combina-tions thereof.cure, nin building construction, the process by which acompound attains its intended performance properties bymeans of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat, radiation, orcombinations thereof.cure time, functional, nin building construction, the periodbet

30、ween application and the point in time that a sealantattains properties necessary to perform a specific function orin a given application.DISCUSSIONFunctional cure time does not imply complete devel-opment of chemical, physical, or mechanical properties.cure time, laboratory, nin building constructi

31、on, the periodbetween application and the point in time when laboratorytesting of a sealant begins as set forth in the procedure of atest method.FIG. 2 Applied Load Transfer at a Vertical Corner Structural Sealant Joint (see Fig. 1 for Legend)C717 183cured, adjin building construction, pertaining to

32、 the state ofa compound that has attained its intended performanceproperties by means of evaporation, chemical reaction, heat,radiation, or combinations thereof.design life, nin building construction, the period of timeafter installation during which a seal or sealant is expected toperform its state

33、d intended function(s) with proper mainte-nance.DISCUSSIONProper maintenance includes, among others, replace-ment of discrete localized failures.dirt pick-up, nin building construction, soiling caused by aforeign material other than micro-organism growth that isdeposited on, adhered to, or embedded

34、into a sealant.DISCUSSIONMicro-organism growth can produce a similar appear-ance.durabilityin building construction, the ability of a seal orsealant to perform its required functions over a period oftime within the environment to which it is exposed.DISCUSSIONA seal or sealants required functions ma

35、y includeaesthetic, economic, and functional performance considerations, amongothers.durability limit, nsee the preferred term, service life.elastomer, nfor gaskets and couplings for plumbing andsewer piping, a macromolecular material that returns rapidlyto approximately its original dimensions and

36、shape aftersubstantial deformation by a weak force and release of theforce.DISCUSSIONa) Elastomers are divided into two major polymersystems-thermoset and theromplastic. b) In standards for rubber, theword elastomer is not to be used interchangeably for the term “rubber”.D1566;D11elastomer, nin buil

37、ding construction in glazing, a macromo-lecular material, which deformed within its service tempera-ture range, is capable of recovering substantially in size andshape after removal of a deforming force.elastomer, thermoplastic, na material having the generalproperties of an elastomer and capable of

38、 being repeatedlysoftened by heat and hardened to shape by cooling withoutsignificant degradation of the polymer system.DISCUSSIONThermoplastic elastomers have some of the propertiesof thermoset elastomers, but are typically more thermally and pressuresensitive and more sensitive to solvents.elastom

39、er, thermoset, nan elastomeric material that attainsits intended properties by an irreversible cross-linking reac-tion caused by heat alone, heat with a cross-linking agent,chemical interaction, or by radiation; whereby after cross-linking, any reprocessing with heat and pressure will se-verely degr

40、ade the material.DISCUSSIONCross-linking renders the material substantially in-soluble in organic solvents (can swell), less plastic, and with improvedelastic and mechanical properties (compared to its uncured state) overan extended temperature range.elastomeric, adjhaving the characteristics of an

41、elastomer.elongation, nextension produced by a tensile stress. D1566;D11extrudability, nin building construction, the ability of asealant under pressure to flow through an orifice.flow, vin building construction, the deformation of a tapesealant under stress.fluid migration, nin building constructio

42、n, accumulation ofa fluid from a sealant on or in an adjacent material.DISCUSSIONMigration of a non-fluid component can also occur.gasket, nany preformed, deformable device designed to beplaced between two adjoining parts to provide a seal.gasket, compression, na gasket designed to be used undercomp

43、ression.gasket, lock-strip, nin building construction, a gasket inwhich sealing pressure is attained by inserting a keyedlocking strip into a mating keyed groove in one face of thegasket.ASealantBSealant backingCBond breakerDJointESubstrate faceFSubstrate edgeFIG. 3 Butt Sealant JointC717 184glazing

44、, vin building construction, the installation of glass orother materials in prepared openings.glazing, butt, nin building construction, a glazing systemwherein butt joints are formed between lites and filled witha glazing sealant.glazing, compression, nsee glazing system, compression.glazing, compre

45、ssion, vin building construction, the act ofinstalling components into a compression glazing system.glazing, construction site, nin building construction, theinstallation of glass or panels into a metal framing system, ata construction site, under generally uncontrolled environ-mental conditions.gla

46、zing, face, nthe method of glazing in which a rabbetedglazing recess, with no removable stop, is used and atriangular bead of compound is applied to the face of the liteand extended onto the recess.glazing, factory, nSee glazing, shop.glazing, field, nSee glazing, construction site.glazing, four-sid

47、e structural sealant, nin buildingconstruction, a glazing system wherein all sides of arectangular-shaped lite or panel are structural sealant glazed.glazing, needlein building construction, the application of asmall bead of a sealant at the sight line adhering to the sashand glass or panel by means

48、 of a nozzle with an orifice notexceeding 3.18 mm 18 in. in diameter.glazing, non-compression, nsee glazing system, non-compression.glazing, non-compression, vin building construction, theact of installing components into a non-compression glazingsystem.glazing, protective, nin building construction

49、, systems withglazed openings that are designed to mitigate the effects ofbomb blasts, projectiles, natural disasters, or forced entry.DISCUSSIONProtective glazing systems assist in the mitigation ofthe potential for hazardous debris dispersal from natural disasters,withstand projectile impact and resist unauthorized human entrythrough glazed openings. Protective glazing systems include theselection of an appropriate glazing material, the design of me