1、Designation: C719 93 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forAdhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint SealantsUnder Cyclic Movement (Hockman Cycle)1, 2This standard is issued under the fixed designation C719; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope
3、1.1 This test method is an accelerated laboratory procedurefor evaluating the performance of a building sealant in a testconfiguration that is subjected to water immersion, cyclicmovement, and temperature change.31.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values giv
4、en in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
5、appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSp
6、ecimens)C150 Specification for Portland CementC717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology C717.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of subjecting standard jointspecimens to a seri
7、es of treatments as follows: (a) immersionin water for seven days; (b) exposure in an oven for seven dayswhile under compression; (c) automatic compression andextension cycling at room temperature at a specified rate andamount of joint movement; and (d) alternate compression andextension of the join
8、t at high and low temperatures, respec-tively, under specified conditions described herein.4.2 The effects of the test shall be evaluated by visualinspection for cohesive and adhesive failures, sealant deforma-tion, and bubble formation within the sealant.4.3 This test method is applicable to any jo
9、int movement.The most common test movements are 612.5 and 625 % asused in the examples.5. Significance and Use5.1 The failure of a building sealant in an active joint isusually manifested by cohesive failure in the sealant oradhesive failure between the sealant and the substrate, or both.The method
10、described in this test method relates only to theperformance of the sealant when properly installed withrecommended primers, and does not evaluate sealant failurescaused by improper joint design, excessive joint movement,improper application practices, and other factors known tocause sealant failure
11、 in buildings and building areas.6. Apparatus6.1 Compression-Extension Machine,5designed to auto-matically compress the joint width of the test specimen from12in. (12.7 mm) to the minimum dimension desired (Table 1,1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C24 on BuildingSeals and
12、 Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.30 onAdhesion.Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C719 93(2005). DOI:10.1520/C0719-93R10.2This test method is also known as the Hockman Cycl
13、e in recognition of ArthurHockman who originated the method at the National Bureau of Standards.3Supporting data are available from ASTM International Headquarters. RequestRR:C24-1013.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm
14、.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Series 520 Sealing Compound Tester, manufactured by Applied Test SystemsInc., 348 New Castle Rd., Butler, PA16001, and a durability tester manufactured byAmbard, Inc., 269-11 8
15、1st Ave., New Hyde Park, NY 11040, have been foundsuitable for this purpose (Fig. 1(a). For extension of the joint at cold temperature,the machine may be designed for extension only (Fig. 3).The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Applied Test Systems Inc. an
16、d Ambard Inc. If you are aware of alternativesuppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee1, which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
17、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Column C) and extend the specimen from12 in. to themaximum extension desired (Table 1, Column E) at a constantrate of18 in./h (3.2 mm/h). The machine shall be equipped withgrips of sufficient strength to withstand, without bending, theresi
18、stance of high tensile strength sealants (see Figs. 1-3).6.2 Cold Box or Chamber, maintained at 15 6 3F (26.16 1.7C).6.3 Forced-Draft Oven, controlled at 158 6 3.6F (70 62C).6.4 C-clamps, or other device for maintaining the specimenunder compression.6.5 Spacer Blocks.6.6 Room or Chamber, maintained
19、at standard conditions of73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C), 50 6 5 % relative humidity.7. Test Specimens7.1 The standard substrate used in the test shall be portlandcement mortar, float glass, and aluminum alloy.NOTE 1When requested, only one or two of the standard materialsmay be tested with the sample. Likewi
20、se other substrates such as brick,marble, wood, etc., may be specified by the purchaser in place of or inaddition to the standard substrate for test with the sealant sample.7.1.1 Mortar Block Prepare cement mortar blocks, each 3by 1 by 1 in. (75 by 25 by 25 mm) in size, using one part ofhigh early s
21、trength portland cement conforming to Type III ofSpecification C150 to two parts by weight of clean uniformlygraded, concrete fine aggregate (sand) conforming to Specifi-cation C33. Use sufficient water to produce a flow of 1006 5%when tested in accordance with the procedure for the determi-nation o
22、f consistency of cement mortar described in TestMethod C109/C109M. After curing one day in moist air andsix days in saturated lime water at 73 6 3F (23 6 2C),prepare the surface of one face, 1 by 3 in. (25 by 75 mm), ofeach block by wet grinding either with a belt sander using No.60 aluminum carbide
23、 sanding belt or using an iron lap with No.60 silicon carbide (or aluminum oxide) grain until the aggre-gate is uniformly exposed. Return blocks to saturated limewater storage until needed.7.1.1.1 Blocks may be prepared and shipped to other loca-tions for use. The blocks may be shipped dry and shall
24、 bereturned to lime water storage on arrival until needed.7.1.1.2 Prior to use, wet grind the previously ground face toremove any laitance, rinse thoroughly under running tap waterand dry the blocks overnight at 220 to 230F (105 to 110C).Clean the blocks of film or powder by vigorous brushing witha
25、stiff-bristled fiber brush. Condition the blocks at standardconditions for not less than one day and not more than sevendays.7.1.2 Float Glass Glass plates shall be 3 by 1 by14 in.(76.2 by 25.4 by 6.4 mm) clear float glass. Prior to use, theglass shall be cleaned by wiping the surface with methyl et
26、hylketone or similar solvent. Then dip the surface in a detergentsolution. This should be a 0.04 % solution of an alcohol ethoxysulfate.6An alternative would be a 0.1 % solution of a clearhand dishwashing detergent.7These solutions should be madeup in distilled or deionized water. Rinse the surface
27、(without6Neodol 25-35, a registered trademark of Shell Oil Co., One Shell Plaza,Houston, TX 77002, has been found suitable for this purpose.7Dawn, a registered trademark of Proctor (b) seven days at 100 6 3.6F (37.8 6 2C) and95 % relative humidity; and (c) seven days at standard condi-tions (Note 4)
28、. Separate the spacer blocks from the sealant assoon as practical during the curing period without damagingthe sealant.NOTE 4The producer may request conditions other than those speci-fied in 8.2 for the curing period of single-component sealants providedFIG. 4 A Motor-Driven Machine That Can be Use
29、d for Extension of Specimens at 15F (26.11C)C719 93 (2010)4they meet the following requirements: (1) The curing period shall extendfor 21 days; and (2) The temperature during the curing period shall notexceed 122F (50C).9. Procedure9.1 Immediately following the curing period allow thespecimens to co
30、ol to standard temperature if higher tempera-ture cure conditions were used. Remove spacers and proceed asfollows:9.2 Immerse the specimens in distilled or deionized waterfor seven days.9.3 Following immersion, hand flex each specimen twice,about 60 to check the bond. If the bond is still firm, comp
31、ressthe specimens to the minimum desired dimension such as givenunder Column C, Table 1 (Dimension C) for the class undertest. A c-clamp and spacer bars (Fig. 5(d) or other adequatedevice may be used for compression. Fig. 6 shows an apparatusthat has been suitable for the oven compression of thespec
32、imens. It is comprised of two steel members (X and Z) andbolts (W) that hold and compress the test specimens. Themembers may be 3 in. high for convenience and sufficientlylong to accommodate multiple specimens. They should belined with felt, cork, or other material to provide a cushionedsurface. Two
33、 long rods (Y) of square cross section (DimensionC) are used to control the compression of the specimens.Where substrates of uneven dimensions are used, individualspacers may be required. Place the compressed specimens inthe 158F (70C) oven for seven days.9.4 After the oven treatment, remove the cla
34、mps and allowthe specimens to cool to standard temperature. Within 24 h ofremoval from the oven, place the specimens in thecompression-extension machine. Subject the specimens to tencycles of joint movement at standard conditions, as follows: (a)Test specimens:(a) Prepared specimen before placement
35、of sealant, (b) Sealant with spacers removed, (c) Sealant between mortar blocks, (d) Sealant in the compressed state duringheat treatment, (e) Sealant in the extended state.FIG. 5 Test Specimen for Class 25 and Class 12.5 SealantsNOTE 1Use longer screw for concrete substrate.FIG. 6 Oven Compression
36、ApparatusC719 93 (2010)5compression from the original12-in. (12.7 mm) width toDimension C, followed by (b) extension to Dimension E, and( c) compression again to12 in. The rate of compression andextension shall be18 in. (3.2 mm)/h.9.5 At the completion of ten cycles, extend the width of thejoint in
37、the specimens by hand crank to Dimension E, insertspacer blocks, remove the specimens from the machine, andexamine them for bond or cohesive failure Fig. 5(e). Removeany specimens showing complete adhesive or cohesive sepa-ration at this stage.9.6 Compress the width of the joint in the remainingspec
38、imens to Dimension C with a c-clamp and spacers or othersuitable device and, while compressed, place them in the ovenfor 16 to 20 h at 158 6 3.6F (70 6 2C).9.7 Remove the specimens from the oven. Allow them tocool for 2 to 3 h with the clamps and spacers removed toachieve standard temperature. Place
39、 them in the extensionmachine within the cold box or chamber maintained at 15 63F (26.1 6 1.7C).With the specimen grips set at DimensionC wide and regardless of the amount of recovery of the sealantafter compression, extend the joint width of the specimens toDimension E at the rate of18 in. (3.18 mm
40、)/h, while they arebeing cooled down to 15 6 3F (26.1 6 1.7C). Oncompletion of the extension, insert blocks, remove the speci-mens, and allow them to warm for 2 h with blocks in place toachieve standard temperature. Examine the specimens foradhesive or cohesive failure and deformation.9.8 Repeat the
41、 compression-extension cycles described in9.6 and 9.7 for a total of ten cycles. If complete adhesive orcohesive failure occurs before the tenth cycle, the test isconsidered complete.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Name of the sealant producer, type of sealant andidentifying n
42、umber,10.1.2 Percentage of cyclic movement,10.1.3 Substrates used,10.1.4 Name and description of primers used, if any,10.1.5 Nature of test effects observed, such as amount ofadhesive or cohesive failure, deformation, bubbles, or othercharacteristics,10.1.6 Description of and reasons for any variati
43、ons fromthe test procedure, and10.1.7 Statement of time, temperature, and humidity used toachieve cure (describe the cure cycle).11. Precision and Bias11.1 Inadequate precision and bias data are presently avail-able. The precision and bias of this test method is currentlyundergoing round-robin testi
44、ng by members of CommitteeC24. Earlier round-robin testing of a similar procedure per-formed by members of the Adhesives and Sealants Councilindicates the test method is capable of discriminating betweena Class 12.5 and a Class 25 sealant.12. Keywords12.1 adhesion; cohesion; cyclic movement; elastom
45、ericjoint sealant; Hockman cycleASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof
46、infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this st
47、andard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your
48、 views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C719 93 (2010)6
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