1、Designation: C822 11C822 13Standard Terminology Relating toConcrete Pipe and Related Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2C497 Test Methods for Con
3、crete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile2. Terminologyabsorptionthe increase in weight of concrete resulting from the penetration of water into the concrete.absorption testa test made to determine the absorption of concrete.admixturea material other than water, aggregates, cement and fibre reinforcing
4、used as an ingredient of concrete and added tothe batch immediately before or during its mixture.annular spacethe space between the inner surface of the female end and the outer surface of the male end of an assembled pipejoint.bellsee female end of pipe.blenda combining of various cementitious mate
5、rials.box sectiona concrete pipe with a rectangular cross section.box section bottom slablower horizontal portion of a box section in the installed condition.box section top slabupper horizontal portion of a box section in the installed condition.box section wallvertical sides of a box section in th
6、e installed condition.cagean assembled unit of steel reinforcement consisting of circumferential and longitudinal bars or wires.circular reinforcementa circular-shaped line of reinforcement.circumferential reinforcementreinforcement that is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
7、 concrete pipe,box, or bined sewera pipeline intended to convey sewage and storm pression testa test made on a concrete specimen to determine the compressive pressive strengththe maximum resistance of a concrete specimen to axial compressive loading; or the specified resistanceused in design calcula
8、tions.concretea homogeneous mixture of portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water. The mixture may also containadmixtures, or other cementitious materials, or both.corea cylinder of concrete obtained from concrete by means of a core drill.1 This terminology is under the jurisdictio
9、n of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.10 on Correlation andEditorial.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011Feb. 1, 2013. Published December 2011February 2013. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20102011as C822 10.C82
10、2 11. DOI: 10.1520/C0822-11.10.1520/C0822-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is
11、 not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropr
12、iate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1crownthe top or highest point of the internal surface of the tra
13、nsverse cross section of a pipe.culverta pipeline intended to convey water under a highway, railroad, canal, or similar facility.cylinder (test)a cast cylindrical specimen of concrete.design strengththe minimum acceptable 0.01-in. (0.3-mm) crack D-load.designated sizethe dimensional name for a parti
14、cular size that may or may not be equal to or related to the dimensions usedfor design purposes or of the manufactured product.distribution reinforcementreinforcement, typically running 90 to the main or circumferential reinforcement, intended todisperse concentrated loads to larger areas of a struc
15、tural member.D-loadthe supporting strength of a pipe loaded under three-edge-bearing test conditions expressed in pounds per linear foot perfoot of inside diameter or horizontal span, or expressed in newtons per linear metre per millimetre of inside diameter orhorizontal span.D-load, 0.01-in. (0.3-m
16、m) crackthe maximum three-edge-bearing test load supported by a concrete pipe before a crack havinga width of 0.01 in. (0.3 mm) occurs, measured at close intervals, throughout a continuous length of 1 ft (300 mm) or moremeasured parallel to the longitudinal axis of pipe barrel expressed as D-load.D-
17、load ultimate (Du) the maximum three-edge-bearing test load supported by a pipe, expressed as D-load.drain tilepipe for collecting and conveying surface and subsurface water from an area.elliptical reinforcementa line of reinforcement in the approximate shape of an ellipse.exfiltrationthe volume of
18、pipeline flow leaving a sewer and its connections into the soil from pipe, joints, connections, andappurtenances.external load-crushing strength testa test of the pipe in which external crushing forces are exerted in specified directions andlocations on a specified length of pipe.external sealing ba
19、ndsflexible wrappings that are applied to the outside of a concrete pipe, box section, or manhole section jointintended to control the movement of fluids or solids through the joint.female end of pipe (bell, socket, groove, modified groove)that portion of the end of the pipe, regardless of its shape
20、 ordimensions, which overlaps a portion of the end of the adjoining pipe.flow linea line formed by the inverts of pipe.gradationthe distribution of particles of granular material among standard sizes usually expressed in terms of cumulativepercentages larger or smaller than each of a series of sieve
21、 openings.grade ringsprecast concrete rings used for vertical adjustment at the top of a manhole to set manhole casting to proper grade.groovesee female end of pipe.handling reinforcementreinforcement intended to reduce the risk of collapse of the pipe or section during handling or storageprior to a
22、nd during final placement.hydrostatic pressurethe pressure exerted by water at rest.hydrostatic testa test of the ability of a pipe or its joint to withstand internal hydrostatic pressure.infiltrationthe volume of groundwater entering a sewer and its connections from the soil through pipe, joints, c
23、onnections, orappurtenances.inflowthe volume of any kind of water entering a sewer and its connections from outside sources not including those sourcesdescribed under “infiltration.”installed lengthfinal length, along the centerline, of a pipe or box section in place including the longitudinal joint
24、 separationbetween the section and the last section placed.invertthe bottom or lowest point of the internal surface of the transverse cross section of a pipe.irrigation pipepipe intended for the distribution of irrigation water by pumping or gravity.jointa connection of two pipe, manhole, or box sec
25、tion ends, made either with or without the use of additional parts and/ormaterials.C822 132joint angular deflectionchange in alignment commencing in the joint caused by opening or closing one side of the joint.joint at normal (design) closureposition of the joint when closed to the manufacturers rec
26、ommended inside longitudinalseparation without joint angular deflection.joint in off-center positionwith the joint at normal or design closure, without joint angular deflection, when the spigot or bellhas been moved in a radial direction. The maximum off-center position occurs when the outer surface
27、 of the spigot and the innersurface of the bell are in contact.joint leakage testtest procedure, utilizing water pressure, air pressure or a vacuum, intended to determine the acceptability ofan individual joint relative to leakage.joint leakage test apparatussealing device used to isolate a single j
28、oint so that the joint can be tested for leakage. See jointleakage test.joint reinforcementreinforcement, in or near the joint, intended to enhance the structural characteristics of the joint area of aconcrete pipe or box section.joint shear testa proof-of-design test procedure to determine minimum
29、shear strength of a joint.layer of reinforcementcircumferential reinforcement that is one bar or wire in thickness.laying lengthpipe section center-line dimension used for preparing pipeline layout plans. The length as measured from a pointon a pipe to an identical point of an adjacent pipe of an in
30、stalled pipeline.lift holea small hole cast or drilled in the wall of the pipe or section for inserting a bolt, loop of cable or other device used inhandling the pipe or section.line of reinforcementcircumferential reinforcement comprised of one or more layers.longitudinal reinforcementreinforcement
31、, in a concrete pipe or box section, running parallel to the intended flow.lotan assemblage of concrete products, all being of like size, material, and strength designation, manufactured by the sameprocess. The lot size may differ from the quantity designated in the contract or order.low-pressure ai
32、r testtesting procedure, utilizing compressed air, intended to determine the acceptability of a pipe section, joint,or pipeline.male end of pipe (spigot, tongue, modified tongue)that portion of the end of the pipe, regardless of its shape or dimensions,which is overlapped by a portion of the end of
33、the adjoining pipe.manholea precast concrete structure for vertical access to a pipeline or other closed structure.manhole basea concrete slab foundation and the bottom manhole riser section or a bottom manhole riser section with aconnected concrete slab.manhole base sectionprecast concrete slab fou
34、ndation and the bottom manhole riser section, or the bottom riser section withprecast monolithic or integral slab. A monolithic base section is cast as a single unit. An integral base section is made into asingle unit by interconnecting precast manhole components such as a riser section and base sla
35、b.manhole reducer sectiona concrete section used as a transition between different diameter manhole riser sections.manhole riser sectiona concrete section used to construct a manhole exclusive of the base, reducers, and top section.manhole topthe concrete slab top or conical top used to reduce the m
36、anhole riser diameter to that of the desired access hole.manufactured lengththe length from spigot/tongue end face to bell/groove inside shoulder. An alternative definition of thelength from the spigot/tongue outside shoulder to bell/groove end face may also be used.manufacturerthe group, corporatio
37、n, partnership, or individual that manufactures or supplies a product.mat reinforcementsee quadrant mat.material teststhe quality and property tests of component materials.modified designa concrete pipe design changed from a standard design.modified groovesee female end of pipe.modified tonguesee ma
38、le end of pipe.monolithiccast as one complete piece by a continuous placement of concrete.C822 133negative air pressure (vacuum) testtest procedure utilizing air at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure, intended todetermine the acceptability of a pipe section or multiple pipe sections, or an in
39、stalled pipeline or manhole before or after backfill.nonreinforced pipeconcrete pipe designed without reinforcement.O-ring gasketa solid gasket of circular cross section.overall lengththe length from the spigot/tongue end face to bell/groove end face.ownerthe public agency or authority, group, corpo
40、ration, partnership, or individual that specifies products or services for use ona project that it presently or eventually will own or administrate.permeabilitythat property which permits movement of a liquid through the pores and interstices of the concrete.permeability testa test to determine the
41、movement of a liquid through concrete under a hydraulic or pressure gradient.pipea tube or elongated hollow concrete structure intended to transmit flow between locations.pipe diameterthe inside diameter of a concrete pipe.pipe sectiona single pipe.pipelinepipe sections joined together.plant teststh
42、e quality assurance tests performed prior to delivery as a basis of acceptance.preformed flexible joint sealantpliable material, formed into a defined cross section, that is applied to the surface of a pipe,box section, or manhole section joint, intended to control the movement of fluids or solids t
43、hrough the joint.production runquantity of concrete products of like size, material, and strength designation produced uninterrupted by a changein the size, material, production method, or strength designation of the product.quadrant matadditional tension zone circumferential reinforcement secured t
44、o a layer of reinforcement in the concrete pipewall.reinforced concrete pipea pipe structure comprised of concrete and steel reinforcement. Such reinforcement is comprised ofsteel wire, welded wire fabric, or bars, of known strength, formed into a cage and positioned in the concrete wall in a specif
45、iclocation in such a manner that the two materials act together to resist stresses.reinforcementsteel in the form of continuous wire, welded wire fabric, or bars embedded in concrete in such a manner that theabove referenced concrete and steel act together to resist stresses.resilient connectora fle
46、xible connection for joining pipe to structures capable of being deformed and deflected without ruptureor leakage.rubber gasketrubber formed and used as a seal in concrete pipe joints.samplethe number of specimens drawn from a lot.sewage (wastewater)the spent water of a community which is a combinat
47、ion of liquid and water-carried wastes.sewera pipeline intended to convey sewage.special designa concrete pipe design for sizes, loads, or service conditions not covered by a standard design.specimenan individual unit on which a test can be made.spigotsee male end of pipe.splice (reinforcement)junct
48、ion of two sections of parallel reinforcement intended to provide continuity and to transfer forcesbetween the two sections.springlinethe points on the internal surface of the transverse cross section of a pipe intersected by the line of maximumhorizontal dimension; or in box sections, the mid-heigh
49、t of the internal vertical wall.standard designa published and proven concrete pipe design.storm draina pipeline intended to convey storm water.storm sewera pipeline intended to convey storm water.storm waterprecipitation run-off.three-edge-bearing methoda method for applying the load to a pipe in an external load-crushing strength test.C822 134tonguesee male end of pipe.ultimate strengththe maximum three edge bearing test load supp
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