ASTM C905-2001(2006) Standard Test Methods for Apparent Density of Chemical-Resistant Mortars Grouts Monolithic Surfacings and Polymer Concretes《耐化学的灰浆、薄浆、整体面层和聚酯混凝土表观密度的标准试验方法》.pdf

1、Designation: C 905 01 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Methods forApparent Density of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts,Monolithic Surfacings, and Polymer Concretes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 905; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigina

2、l adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the procedures for determin-ing the uncu

3、red (wet) and conditioned (dry) densities of resin,silicate, silica, and sulfur-based chemical-resistant mortars,grouts, monolithic surfacings, and polymer concretes.1.2 Mold Method A outlines the molding procedure gener-ally used for systems containing aggregate less than 0.2 in. (5mm) in size. Mol

4、d Method B covers the molding proceduregenerally used for systems containing aggregate from 0.2 to 0.4in. (10 mm) in size. Mold Method C is for systems containingaggregate larger than 0.4 in.1.3 Density Method I: Apparent Uncured Density of Resin,Silica, and Silicate MaterialsThis test method is not

5、 appli-cable to sulfur materials.1.4 Density Method II: Apparent Conditioned Density ofResin and Sulfur-based MaterialsThis test method may beapplicable to silica or silicate materials if they are not water-sensitive.1.5 Density Method III: Apparent Conditioned Density ofSilica and Silicate Material

6、s that are Water Sensitive .1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations

7、prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 470/C 470M Specification for Molds for Forming Con-crete Test Cylinders VerticallyC 904 Terminology Relating to Chemical-Resistant Non-metallic MaterialsC 1312 Practice for Making and Conditioning Chemical-Resistant Sulfur Polymer Cement Conc

8、rete Test Speci-mens in the Laboratory3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods, see Terminology C 904.4. Significance and Use4.1 The results obtained by these test methods may be usedfor estimating purposes, as a means of checking on uniformityof a product, or

9、even to help identify a specific product.5. Apparatus5.1 Balance for Determining Density, capable of weighingthe specimen to four significant numbers. The balance shall beequipped with either a below-balance weighing hook or a “panstraddle” or similar support plus wire assembly basket or loopto allo

10、w for density determinations.5.2 Equipment for Mixing Resin, Silica, and SilicateMaterialsUse a flat-bottom container of suitable size, pref-erably made of corrosion-resistant metal or porcelain, and atrowel havinga4to5in.(100 to 125 mm) blade.5.2.1 Equipment for Mixing Sulfur MaterialsUse a stain-l

11、ess steel or cast iron pot for melting the material along with apower-driven revolving paddle mixer.5.3 Specimen Molds:5.3.1 Mold Method AThese molds shall be right cylinders1 6132 in. (25 6 0.8 mm) in diameter by 1 6 in. high.5.3.1.1 The molds may be constructed in any manner thatwill allow formati

12、on of a test specimen of the desired size.Typical molds may consist of a 1-in. (25-mm) thick plasticsheet in which 1in. diameter, smooth-sided holes have beencut, and the bottom being a14-in. (6-mm) thick, flat plasticsheet which can be attached by means of screws or bolts.5.3.1.2 The molds may cons

13、ist of sections of round plastictubing or pipe, 1 in. inside diameter and 1 in. long, havingsufficient wall thickness to be rigid and retain dimensionalstability during the molding operation, and a14-in. thick, flatplastic sheet on which one open end of each section can berested. The tubing segment

14、may be sealed with a material suchas caulking compound or stopcock grease. For most materials,1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C03 onChemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee C03.01 on Mortars and Carbon Brick.Current ed

15、ition approved Sept. 15, 2006. Published October 2006. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 905 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume info

16、rmation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.it is satisfactory to simply seal one end of the tubing segmentwith strips of 2-in. (51-mm) wide masking tape.NO

17、TE 1For use with sulfur mortars, an additional piece of flat plasticsheet at least18-in. (3-mm) thick, containing a14-in. (6-mm) hole and asection of plastic tubing or pipe 1 in. (25 mm) in diameter by 1 in. highare required. They are used to form a pouring gate and reservoir in thepreparation of su

18、lfur mortar specimens.5.3.2 Mold Method BMolds for the 2 in. (50 mm) cubespecimens shall be tight fitting and leakproof. The parts of themolds, when assembled, shall be positively held together. Themolds shall be made of metal not attacked by the material. Thesides of the molds shall be sufficiently

19、 rigid to preventspreading or warping. The interior faces of the molds shall bemanufactured to ensure plane surfaces with a permissiblevariation of 0.002 in. (0.05 mm). The distances betweenopposite faces shall be 2 6116 in. (50 6 1.6 mm). The heightof the molds, measured separately for each cube co

20、mpartment,shall be 2 6116 in. The angle between adjacent interior facesand between interior faces and top and bottom planes of themold shall be 90 6 0.5 measured at points slightly removedfrom the intersection of the faces.5.3.3 Mold Method CMolds shall be right cylinders madeof heavy gage metal or

21、other rigid nonabsorbent material. Thecylinder diameter shall be at least four times the nominalmaximum aggregate size in the mix. The minimum cylinderdiameter shall be 2 in. (50 mm). The cylinder height shall betwo times the diameter. The plane of the rim of the mold shallbe at right angles to the

22、axis within 0.5. The mold shall be atright angles to the axis within 0.5. The mold shall not varyfrom the prescribed diameter by more than116 in. (1.6 mm) norfrom the prescribed height by more than18 in. (3 mm). Moldsshall be provided with a flat base plate with a means forsecuring it to the mold at

23、 a right angle to the axis of thecylinder in the instance of reusable metal molds. Single usemolds shall conform to Specification C 470.NOTE 2The material from which the mold is constructed must bechemically inert and have anti-stick properties. Polyethylene, polypropy-lene, polytetrafluoroethylene,

24、 and metal forms having either a sinteredcoating of tetrafluoroethylene or a suitable release agent compatible withthe material being tested are satisfactory. Because of their superior heatresistance, only trifluorochloroethylene and tetrafluoroethylene mold re-lease agents should be used with sulfu

25、r materials.5.4 Weighing Equipment for Mixing Materials, shall becapable of weighing to 60.3 % accuracy.6. Test Specimens6.1 Number of SpecimensFour specimens shall be pre-pared from the same mix.6.2 Resin, Silica, and Silicate MaterialsMix a sufficientamount of the components in the proportions and

26、 in the mannerspecified by the manufacturer of the materials. All materialsshould be at 73 6 4F. Fill the molds one-half full. Removeany entrapped air by using a cutting and stabbing motion witha spatula or rounded-end rod. Fill the remainder of the mold,working down into the previously placed porti

27、on. Uponcompletion of the filling operation, the tops of the specimensshould extend slightly above the tops of the molds. Strike offthe excess material even with the top of the mold. Leave thespecimen in the mold until it has set sufficiently to allowremoval without danger of deformation or breakage

28、.6.3 Sulfur Materials:6.3.1 Sulfur MortarsSlowly melt a minimum of 2 lb (900g) of material in a suitable container at a temperature of 265 to290F (130 to 145C) with constant agitation. Stir to lift andblend the aggregate without beating air into the melt. Place thepiece of plastic sheet containing t

29、he14-in. (6-mm) round holeover the open face of the mold with the hole centered on theface. On top of the piece of plastic sheet and surrounding thehole, place a section of plastic tubing or pipe 1 in. (25 mm) indiameter by 1 in. high. Pour the melted material through thehole into the mold and conti

30、nue to pour until the section oftubing or pipe is completely filled. The excess materialcontained in the hole in the plastic sheet acts as a reservoir tocompensate for the shrinkage of the material during cooling.Allow the specimen to remain in the mold until it hascompletely solidified.6.3.2 Sulfur

31、 ConcretePrepare specimens in accordancewith Practice C 1312.7. Calibration of Molds7.1 All molds used shall be calibrated for volume, prior touse in accordance with the following procedure:7.1.1 Weigh each mold to four significant numbers and thenfill the mold carefully, until it is even with the f

32、ace of the mold,with distilled water at 73 6 1F (23 6 0.5C) and reweigh tofour significant numbers. Calculate the volume of each mold tofour significant numbers as follows:V 5Wb2 Wa0.9975where:V = volume of mold, cm3,Wa= weight of unfilled mold, g,Wb= weight of mold filled with water, g, and0.9975 =

33、 density of water at 23C, g/cm3.8. Conditioning8.1 For determination of the uncured density of any mate-rial, no conditioning is necessary.8.2 For Determination of Conditioned Density:8.2.1 Resin MaterialsIn accordance with the manufactur-ers specifications, the test specimen shall not be demoldedun

34、til it has set sufficiently to allow removal without danger ofdeformation or breakage. Age the test specimens at 73 6 4F(23 6 2C) for a period of at least 7 days, including the curetime in the molds, before testing.8.2.2 Silicate and Silica MaterialsFollow 8.2.1, exceptthe relative humidity of the s

35、urrounding air shall be kept below80 %. Some silicates may require covering during the curingperiod. After removal from the molds, acid-treat the specimensif required in accordance with the recommendations given bythe manufacturer. No other treatment shall be permitted.Record the method of treatment

36、 in the Report section underConditioning and Treatment.8.2.3 Sulfur MaterialsAfter filling the molds, allow thespecimens to remain in the molds until they are completelysolidified. Upon removal from the molds, file, grind, or sandC 905 01 (2006)2the surface of the specimens to remove the excess mate

37、rialremaining at the pouring gate.Age the specimens for at least 24h, including the time in the mold.9. Procedure9.1 Density Method IImmediately after filling as de-scribed in Section 6, weigh the mold to four significantnumbers, and then calculate the uncured density of the testmaterial as follows:

38、Du5Wm2 WaVwhere:Du= apparent uncured density, g/cm3,Wm= weight of mold plus material, g,Wa= weight of unfilled mold, g, andV = volume of mold, cm3.9.2 Density Method II:9.2.1 Determination of Conditioned WeightWeigh theconditioned specimens to four significant numbers.9.2.2 Determination of Suspende

39、d WeightAttach the wireassembly to the below-balance or pan-support hook so that thebasket or loop which will hold the specimen is completelyimmersed in water (Note 3) to the same depth as is used whenthe specimens are in place. Tare the balance and place thespecimen in the basket or loop. Remove ad

40、hering air bubblesfrom the specimen with a fine wire and weigh to foursignificant numbers (Note 4). Calculate the conditioned densityof the test specimen as follows:Dc50.9975 SS 2 Iwhere:Dc= apparent conditioned density, g/cm3,S = weight of specimen in air, g, andI = weight of specimen immersed in w

41、ater, g.NOTE 3Use distilled water at 73 6 1F (23 6 0.5C).NOTE 4If the suspended weight cannot be obtained due to a porousspecimen absorbing liquid rapidly, the density should be obtained bymeasuring the dimensions of the specimen to obtain volume.9.3 Density Method III:9.3.1 Determination of Conditi

42、oned WeightWeigh theconditioned specimens to four significant numbers.9.3.2 Determination of Suspended WeightAttach the wireassembly to the below-balance or pan-support hook so that thebasket or loop that will hold the specimen is completelyimmersed in xylene (Note 5) to the same depth as is used wh

43、enthe specimens are in place. Tare the balance and place thespecimen in the basket or loop. Remove adhering air bubblesfrom the specimen with a fine wire and weigh to foursignificant numbers (Note 4). Calculate the conditioned densityof the test specimen as follows:Dc5dsSS 2 Iswhere:Dc= apparent con

44、ditioned density, g/cm3,S = weight of specimen, g,Is= weight of specimen in xylene (or of solvent used ifother than xylene), g, andds= density of xylene (or of solvent used if other thanxylene), g/cm3.NOTE 5The density of commercial xylene is approximately 0.870g/cm3. Any suitable solvent that does

45、not affect the integrity of thespecimen may be used in place of xylene. When making the densitycalculations, be sure to use the density for the actual solvent used in theprocedure.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Complete material identification,10.1.2 Mixing ratio,10.1.3 Condi

46、tioning and treatment,10.1.4 Density Method(s) I, II, or III,10.1.5 Mold Method(s) A, B, or C,10.1.6 Specimen Dimensions for Method C, and10.1.7 Individual and averaged density results in lb/ft3(g/cm3).11. Precision and Bias11.1 Test specimens that are manifestly faulty or that givedensity values di

47、ffering by more than 2 % from the averagevalue of all specimens made from the same sample materialand tested in the same series shall not be considered indetermining the average density. If after discarding outlyingvalues, there are less than three density values remaining forthe determination of th

48、e average density, the entire test shall berepeated.12. Keywords12.1 apparent density; brick mortars; chemical-resistant;density; machinery grouts; monolithic surfacings; polymerconcrete; resin materials; silicate materials; sulfur materials;tile groutsASTM International takes no position respecting

49、 the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for addit