1、Designation: C 916 85 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Specification forAdhesives for Duct Thermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 916; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers minimum material re
3、quire-ments, and safety precautions in application, for adhesives tobond thermal insulation duct liner on the interior surfaces ofsheet metal air conditioning ducts; and for coating exposededges and joints of duct liner thermal insulation to minimizeerosion of insulation fibers by air movement.1.2 T
4、his standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecaut
5、ionary statements, see Sections 7 and 9.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClosed Cup TesterD 903 Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhe-sive BondsD 1151 Practice for Effect of Moist
6、ure and Temperature onAdhesive BondsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials2.2 Other Standards:NFPA No. 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code3SMACNA Duct Liner Application Standard4ACGIH Threshold Limit Values53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 threshold limit
7、value (TLV)the concentration inparts of vapor per million parts of air, by volume at 25C and101.3 kPa (1 atm) pressure. This value is an indication of therelative inhalation toxicity hazard of vapors from volatilesolvents used in adhesives. Data on TLV of materials arepublished annually by ACGIH.3.1
8、.2 For definitions of other terms on thermal insulatingmaterials used in this specification, see Terminology C 168.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flammable vehiclein an adhesive, the liquid portionhaving a flash point as determined by Test Methods D93.3.2.2 nonflammable veh
9、iclein an adhesive, the liquidportion having no flash point as determined by Test MethodsD93.4. Classification of Adhesives4.1 Adhesives supplied under this specification are classi-fied as follows:4.1.1 Type IAn adhesive in which the vehicle is nonflam-mable in the liquid (wet) state and which will
10、 pass theedge-burning test of 6.2.4.1.2 Type IIAn adhesive in which the vehicle is nonflam-mable in the liquid (wet) state and which will not pass theedge-burning test of 6.2.4.1.3 Type IIIAn adhesive in which the vehicle is flam-mable in the liquid (wet) state and which will pass theedge-burning te
11、st of 6.2.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 onInsulation Finishes and Moisture.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous editi
12、on approved in 2001 as C 916 85(2001)e2.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Natio
13、nal Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.4Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Assn., 4201 LafayetteCenter Drive, Chantilly, VA 22021.5Available from American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists,Inc. (ACGIH),
14、1330 Kemper Meadow Dr., Suite 600, Cincinnati, OH 45240,http:/www.acgih.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.4 Type IVAn adhesive in which the vehicle is flam-mable in the liquid (wet) state and which will not pass
15、 theedge-burning test of 6.2.5. Ordering Information5.1 Attention of the purchaser is directed to the fact that fourtypes of adhesives are available under this specification. If thepurchaser does not specify which type is desired, the suppliershall furnish Type I only. Other purchaser options are de
16、scribedin 6.1.4 and 6.1.5.6. Physical Requirements6.1 Requirements Applicable to All Types:6.1.1 Bonding StrengthThe adhesive shall have a bondingstrength of not less than 0.5 lb/in. (9.0 g/mm) of width aftertesting under each condition of room temperature, high humid-ity, and heating, as specified
17、in 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4.6.1.2 Bond Retention After Heat-AgingDuct liner fibershall remain bonded to at least 75 % of the total area of eachspecimen after testing as specified in 7.5.6.1.3 Flame Spread and Smoke DevelopedAdhesive forduct liner shall have a fire hazard classification not to exceed25 for
18、flame spread and 50 for smoke developed. Classificationshall be determined by Test Method E84. A report from aqualified testing laboratory to indicate that fire hazard classi-fication does not exceed that specified is acceptable. Tests shallbe conducted as stated in 7.6.6.1.4 Storage StabilityThe ad
19、hesive shall meet the re-quirements specified herein after completion of storage for aperiod of 6 months under the conditions specified in 7.8.Ifacceptable to the purchaser, and instead of performing astorage stability test on each shipment, the manufacturer shallprovide evidence that previous comme
20、rcial lots of the adhesivehave met satisfactorily the 6 months storage stability require-ment.6.1.5 Other Physical RequirementsOther requirementsmay be mutually agreed upon between the purchaser and theseller. These requirements may include viscosity, bonding time,solids content, color, and odor.6.2
21、 Edge Burning Test for Types I and III AdhesivesInaddition to the general requirements stated above, Types I andIII adhesives shall meet the following requirement: Whentested by the method described in 7.7, there shall be no residualflame or continuous burning of any specimen for more than 3s after
22、the test flame is extinguished.7. Test Methods7.1 Significance and UseThe tests described herein areintended to evaluate the suitability of the adhesive for servicein bonding fibrous glass thermal insulation duct liner byexposing specimens to simulated service conditions. Theedge-burning test (7.7)
23、is useful for distinguishing betweenadhesive types to identify flame-retardance after curing of theadhesive.7.2 Bonding Strength at Room Temperature:7.2.1 Prepare the specimens in accordance with TestMethod D 903. The specimens shall be composed of 18-gage(0.05-in., 1.3-mm) galvanized steel bonded t
24、o 8-oz (0.3-kg/m2)cotton canvas. The galvanized steel shall have been cleanedwith solvent and dried.7.2.2 Apply the adhesive by brushing or spraying in accor-dance with the manufacturers recommendation for thickness.Apply the adhesive to the metal surface only. As soon as theapplied adhesive has bec
25、ome tacky as determined by fingerpressure, bond the canvas to the metal. Immediately afterbonding, roll the canvas with a hand roller weighing 5 lb perlineal inch of roller (90 kg/m) (that is, a roller 4 in. long shouldhave a total weight of 20 lb), to ensure uniform contactbetween adherends. Condit
26、ion the specimens for 24 h at arelative humidity of 50 6 2 % at 73.4 6 2F (23 6 1C). Testthe specimens as described in Test Method D 903 except thatthe rate of travel of the power-actuated grip of the testingmachine shall be 2 in. (50 mm)/min.7.3 Bonding Strength at High HumidityPrepare the speci-me
27、ns as described in 7.2 except that after the 24-h conditioningperiod specified, further condition the specimens by exposureto a relative humidity of 95 % minimum at 73.4 6 2F (23 61C) for 24 h. Conduct the testing as specified in TestMethod D 903 immediately after removal of the test specimensfrom t
28、he conditioning atmosphere and preferably under thesame conditions. The rate of jaw separation of the testingmachine shall be 2 in. (50 mm)/min.7.4 Bonding Strength at While Heated Prepare the speci-mens as described in 7.2 except that after the 24-h conditioningperiod specified, further condition t
29、he specimens for 7 days ina circulating air oven maintained at a temperature of 158 6 2F(70 6 1C). Conduct the testing as specified in Test MethodD 903 at a temperature of 158 6 2F (70 6 1C) at 2 in.(50mm)/min jaw separation speed.7.5 Bond Retention After Heat AgingPrepare a flat pieceof 18-gage (0.
30、05-in., 1.3-mm) galvanized steel 6 by 16 in. (150by 400 mm) by cleaning with solvent and drying. Apply theadhesive to one side by brushing or spraying in accordancewith the manufacturers recommendation for thickness. Assoon as the adhesive has become tacky, as determined by fingerpressure, bond to i
31、t a single thickness of 1-in. (25-mm) thick by6 by 16-in. (150 by 400-mm) duct liner insulation of 3-lb/ft3(48-kg/m3) nominal density conforming to SMACNA DuctLinerApplication Standard. Immediately after bonding, use thehand roller on the duct liner as described in 7.2.2 to ensureuniform contact bet
32、ween adherends. Using a sheet metal breakor other suitable forming technique, after1hatroom tempera-ture, bend the specimen to a rectangular tubular shape with theduct liner on the inside, thus forming a hollow duct 4 by 4 by6 in. (100 by 100 by 150 mm). Prepare two such specimens.Allow the formed s
33、pecimens to age for 24 h at room tempera-ture. Using test exposure No. 11 of Test Method D 1151,expose the specimens for 90 days at 158F (70C) in acirculating air oven with uncontrolled humidity. Remove thespecimens and condition them as described in 6.2.3 of TestMethod D 1151. Unbend each specimen
34、so that it is essentiallyflat. Then remove the duct liner insulation by pulling awayfrom the metal beginning at the edges. Observe and report theproportion of the total specimen area to which fibers of ductliner insulation remain bonded.C 916 85 (2007)27.6 Flame Spread and Smoke DevelopedPrepare tes
35、tspecimens on14-in. (6-mm) fiber-cement board, and test asspecified in Test Method E84. Prepare specimens in triplicate.Prepare the specimens using the lowest coverage specified bythe manufacturer, that is, that coverage which will yield themaximum recommended thickness of adhesive. Allow suffi-cien
36、t drying time to elapse before testing the specimens toassure that any residual volatile ingredients shall not exceed 1weight %.7.6.1 If the results of two tests differ by more than 10 flamespread points, test the third specimen and report all threeresults.7.7 Edge-Burning Test (applicable to Types
37、I and III):NOTE 1This is a small-scale test for which precision and bias havenot been determined. It is useful for quality control evaluations.7.7.1 This test should be used to measure and describe theproperties of materials, products, or assemblies in response toheat and flame under controlled labo
38、ratory conditions andshould not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard orfire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fireconditions. However, results of this test may be used aselements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account allof the factors which are pertinent
39、 to an assessment of the firehazard of a particular end use.7.7.2 Coat three specimens of 2-in. thick by 10-in. long by3-in. wide (50 by 250 by 75-mm) duct liner insulation of3-lb/ft3(48-kg/m3) nominal density, conforming to SMACNADuct Liner Application Standard, on the cut-edge face with theadhesiv
40、e under test. Prepare the 2-in. thick specimens bylaminating two 1-in. (25-mm) thick pieces (back-side toback-side) with the adhesive under test. Control the applicationand thickness in the following manner: Place a piece of smoothhousehold aluminum foil on a smooth hard horizontal surface.Apply to
41、it a coat of wet adhesive at least 11 in. long and 3 in.wide (280 by 75 mm). Apply with a metal blade about116 in.(1.6 mm) thick, having cut into the working edge a notch 3 in.long and116 in. deep.7.7.3 Pour a pool of adhesive at one end of the aluminumfoil strip and, using the notched blade held at
42、 an angle of 90to the surface, spread the adhesive uniformly over the foil,leaving a path of wet adhesive 3 in. (75 mm) wide and ofuniform thickness.7.7.4 Immediately after the wet adhesive is drawn out in thisway, lay a strip of duct liner insulation into it, with the 2-in.(50-mm) wide face of the
43、cut edge downward. Use sufficientpressure to assure complete contact between the wet adhesiveand the entire cut-edge face of the duct liner insulation.7.7.5 After 10 s contact, peel away the duct liner insulationfrom the wet adhesive and allow to dry, coated face upward, atroom temperature for 24 h.
44、 Prepare three such specimens.7.7.6 Suspend the specimen from a suitable clamp at anangle of 45 in a draft-free location with the adhesive-coatedsurface facing downward. Adjust the flame of a butane gas-fueled cigarette lighter so that it is 1.5 to 2.0 in. (38 to 50 mm)high. Alternatively, a micro-b
45、unsen burner using propane gasfuel adjusted to the same height may be used. The lighter orburner should have firm support. Position the clamped speci-men so that the lower end of the coated surface is suspended inthe vertical flame which impinges upon it 1 in. (25 mm) abovethe bottom edge and not mo
46、re than12 in. (12.5 mm) above thegas jet orifice of the opened lighter or micro-bunsen burner.7.7.7 After 15 s extinguish the ignition flame and observethe length of time the adhesive-coated face continues to burn.Report the results of all three tests.7.8 Storage StabilityStore the adhesive for a pe
47、riod of 6months in an airtight container under normal heated warehousestorage conditions, that is, 40 to 100F (5 to 35C). At the endof this period stir the adhesive moderately and subject it to thetests specified in Section 6.7.9 Precision and BiasFor methods described in 7.2, 7.3,7.4, 7.5, and 7.7
48、no statement is made about either the precisionor the bias, since the result merely indicates whether there isconformance to the criteria for acceptance.8. Marking8.1 Each container of adhesive shall be marked clearly withthis specification number, type of adhesive, name and addressof the manufactur
49、er, the net contents, the product identificationby name or code number or both, and a manufacturing lotnumber. Adequate directions for use, and the technique ofapplication shall be included. Safety precautions to be takenduring application shall be stated clearly (see Section 9). TheTLV of the volatile solvents contained in the adhesive shall bestated on the label. Adhesives liable to damage by freezingshall be labeled prominently“ KEEP FROM FREEZING.”9. Safety Precautions in Application9.1 The user should observe strictly the directions of
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